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51. 发明授权

US5445177A Platform for the utilization of solar power 失效
标题翻译：太阳能发电平台
公开(公告)号：US5445177A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-29
申请号：US781250
申请日：1991-12-30
申请人： Johanes L. N. Laing , Inge Laing
发明人： Johanes L. N. Laing , Inge Laing
IPC分类号： F24J2/06 , F24J2/08 , F24J2/38 , F24J2/52 , H01L31/054 , H01L31/052 , F24J2/00
CPC分类号： F24J2/5269 , F24J2/06 , F24J2/085 , F24J2/38 , H01L31/0543 , Y02B10/12 , Y02B10/14 , Y02B10/20 , Y02E10/43 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/47 , Y02E10/52
摘要： The invention relates to a platform of the utilization of solar power which makes use of linear concentrators to beam the solar radiation for use in thermal, chemical or photovoltaic solar power converters, in which the azimuthal movement of the sun is followed by rotation about the main axis. The aim of the invention is to ensure an approximately uniform conversion rate of the solar radiation largely independently of the height of the sun while avoiding the use of a twin-axis follower system. The area available for utilizing the solar power is to be used as fully as possible as the aperture area to capture the radiation. According to the invention, a floating pipe (2, 2', 112) forming a torus is fitted as a frame for a horizontally extending planar bearer (3-4) held, by substantially evenly distributed buoyant bodies (13, 36, 46, 64a, 64b, 80b) borne by a liquid, at a vertical distance from solar power converting devices (33, 53, 73, 73', 93, 94b).
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP91 / 00808 Sec。 371日期：1992年3月5日 102（e）1992年3月5日PCT PCT 1991年4月26日提交PCT公布。第WO91 / 17573号公报日期：1991年11月14日。本发明涉及利用太阳能发电的平台，该平台利用线性聚光器来辐射太阳辐射，用于太阳能热能，光伏或太阳能发电转换器，其中太阳能的方位角运动随后围绕主轴线旋转。本发明的目的是确保太阳辐射的大致均匀的转换率与太阳的高度无关，同时避免使用双轴跟随系统。可利用太阳能发电的区域尽可能地充分地用作捕获辐射的开口区域。根据本发明，形成环面的浮动管（2,2'，112）被装配成用于水平延伸的平面承载件（3-4）的框架，所述平面承载件（3-4）通过基本上均匀分布的浮力体（13,36,46， 64a，64b，80b）与太阳能转换装置（33,53,73,73'，93,94b）垂直距离地由液体承载。

52. 发明授权

US5415156A Method using solar energy 失效
标题翻译：使用太阳能的方法
公开(公告)号：US5415156A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-16
申请号：US166477
申请日：1993-12-13
申请人： Robert C. Stirbl , Peter J. Wilk
发明人： Robert C. Stirbl , Peter J. Wilk
IPC分类号： F24J2/06 , F24J2/08 , F24J2/40
CPC分类号： F24J2/06 , F24J2/085 , F24J2/40 , F41H13/00 , Y02E10/43 , Y02E10/44 , Y02P80/24
摘要： A police or military method utilizes a laser source for emitting, along a preselected path, radiation having a wavelength absorbable by at least one type of atmospheric molecule. Radiation directing components such as lenses or deformable mirror segments are disposed in the transmission path for directing the laser radiation from the source to a predetermined target region of the atmosphere located a pre-established distance above a surface of the earth. Control componentry is operatively connected to the directing components for controlling the operation thereof to modulate an index of refraction of air in the predetermined atmospheric target region to produce in that region a predetermined refractive index pattern such as an atmospheric Fresnel lens for concentrating incoming solar radiation on a preselected military or police target such as a tank, a submarine or ship, a missile silo, a munitions factories, or an armament stores. The control componentry is operatively connected to the laser source for timing the emission of radiation therefrom. Sensors are provided for detecting the distribution of the radiation concentration by the atmospheric lens. Feedback circuitry is operatively connected to the sensors and to the beam directing components for modifying the operation thereof in response to signals from the sensors to compensate in real time for changes in atmospheric refractive index arising from atmospheric turbulence, thereby optimizing concentration of solar radiation by the atmospheric region onto the military or police target.
摘要翻译：警察或军事方法利用激光源沿着预选路径发射具有可被至少一种类型的大气分子吸收的波长的辐射。辐射导向部件如透镜或可变形反射镜部分设置在传输路径中，用于将来自源的激光辐射引导到位于地球表面之上的预定距离的大气的预定目标区域。控制组件可操作地连接到引导部件，用于控制其操作以调节预定大气目标区域中的空气的折射率，以在该区域中产生预定的折射率图案，例如用于将入射的太阳辐射聚集在一起的大气菲涅尔透镜一个预选的军事或警察目标，如坦克，潜艇或船舶，导弹筒仓，弹药工厂或军备店。控制组件可操作地连接到激光源，用于定时从其发射辐射。提供用于检测大气透镜的辐射浓度分布的传感器。反馈电路可操作地连接到传感器和光束引导部件，以响应于来自传感器的信号来修改其操作，以实时补偿由大气湍流引起的大气折射率的变化，由此优化太阳辐射的浓度大气区域到军事或警察目标。

53. 发明授权

US5191875A High efficiency solar boiler 失效
标题翻译：高效太阳能锅炉
公开(公告)号：US5191875A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-09
申请号：US766513
申请日：1991-09-27
申请人： Jack V. Edling , Dale G. Hamreus
发明人： Jack V. Edling , Dale G. Hamreus
IPC分类号： F24J2/08 , F24J2/24 , F24J2/38 , F24J2/46 , F24J2/51 , F24J2/54 , G01S3/786
CPC分类号： F24J2/542 , F24J2/085 , F24J2/245 , F24J2/38 , F24J2/464 , F24J2/51 , G01S3/786 , Y02B10/20 , Y02E10/43 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/47
摘要： A solar boiler of improved energy efficiency that includes a solar panel for receiving solar energy and converting a liquid to steam and a highly accurate tracking system to maintain the panel substantially perpendicular to the sun. The panel includes a plurality of heat transfer liquid carrying tubes having a highly absorptive coating over areas receiving solar energy and high efficiency insulating material over remaining surface areas. An extruded compound concentrating cylindrical lens is positioned over each tube to concentrate received solar energy along a narrow linear energy receiving area. Each panel is mounted for rotation and tilting on a simple, sturdy base. Each panel is substantially closed but includes openings designed so that some air flow through the panel is permitted to prevent excessive heat within the panel while preventing entry of moisture. A tracking system capable of tracking with accuracy of substantially one-half degree or better is provided, utilizing an improved sensor and electronic circuit. A device utilizing the steam produced in the panel, such as a fluid driven engine powered electrical generator, may be positioned closely adjacent to the tubes to receive steam from the tubes.
摘要翻译：一种提高能源效率的太阳能锅炉，其包括用于接收太阳能并将液体转换成蒸汽的太阳能电池板以及高度精确的跟踪系统，以使面板基本上垂直于太阳。面板包括多个传热液体承载管，其在接收太阳能的区域上具有高吸收性涂层，并且在剩余表面区域上具有高效绝缘材料。挤出的复合浓缩柱面透镜位于每个管上方，以将接收到的太阳能集中在窄的线性能量接收区域。每个面板安装在一个简单，坚固的基座上旋转和倾斜。每个面板基本上是封闭的，但是包括设计成允许一些空气流过面板的开口以防止面板内的过多热量同时防止湿气进入。利用改进的传感器和电子电路，提供能够精确地跟踪大致半个或更好的跟踪系统。利用在面板中产生的蒸汽（例如流体驱动的发动机供电的发电机）的装置可以被定位成紧邻管子以接收来自管的蒸汽。

54. 发明授权

US5169456A Two-axis tracking solar collector mechanism 失效
标题翻译：二轴跟踪太阳能集热器机构
公开(公告)号：US5169456A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-08
申请号：US781558
申请日：1991-10-22
申请人： Kenneth C. Johnson
发明人： Kenneth C. Johnson
IPC分类号： F24J2/08 , F24J2/54 , G01S3/786 , H01L31/052
CPC分类号： F24J2/5424 , F24J2/085 , G01S3/7861 , H01L31/0547 , F24J2002/5286 , F24J2002/5458 , F24J2002/5462 , F24J2002/5465 , F24J2002/5468 , Y02B10/10 , Y02B10/20 , Y02E10/43 , Y02E10/47 , Y02E10/52
摘要： This invention is a novel solar tracking mechanism incorporating a number of practical features that give it superior environmental resilience and exceptional tracking accuracy. The mechanism comprises a lightweight space-frame assembly supporting an array of point-focus Fresnel lenses in a two-axis tracking structure. The system is enclosed under a glass cover which isolates it from environmental exposure and enhances tracking accuracy by eliminating wind loading. Tracking accuracy is also enhanced by the system's broad-based tracking support. The system's primary intended application would be to focus highly concentrated sunlight into optical fibers for transmission to core building illumination zones, and the system may also have potential for photovoltaic or photothermal solar energy conversion.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种新颖的太阳能跟踪机构，其结合了许多实用特征，使其具有优异的环境弹性和卓越的跟踪精度。该机构包括在双轴跟踪结构中支撑点聚焦菲涅耳透镜阵列的轻量级的空间框架组件。该系统封闭在玻璃罩下，将其与环境暴露隔离，并通过消除风荷载提高跟踪精度。系统的广泛跟踪支持也提高了跟踪的准确性。该系统的主要应用是将高度集中的太阳光聚焦到光纤中以传输到核心建筑照明区域，并且该系统还可能具有光伏或光热太阳能转换的潜力。

55. 发明授权

US5050913A High pressure, rotatable pipe joints 失效
标题翻译：高压，可旋转管接头
公开(公告)号：US5050913A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-24
申请号：US513603
申请日：1990-04-24
申请人： Erwin Lenz
发明人： Erwin Lenz
IPC分类号： F16L27/08 , F24J2/08 , F24J2/14 , F24J2/46 , F24J2/54
CPC分类号： F24J2/08 , F16L27/0816 , F24J2/14 , F24J2/4609 , F24J2/54 , F24J2002/5482 , Y02E10/45 , Y02E10/47
摘要： There is provided rotatable pressure tight pipe joints and non-rotatable pressure tight pipe joints. The rotatable pressure tight pipe joints preferably have mating spherical surfaces with a sealing ring overlapping the joint between two pipe ends and compression means resiliently holding the two body parts of the joint in contact. In the non-rotatable joints, the intersecting surfaces form a zigzag cross-section and are compressibly clamped together.
摘要翻译：提供可旋转的压力密封管接头和不可旋转的压力密封管接头。可旋转的压力密封管接头优选地具有配合的球面，密封环与两个管端之间的接头重叠，并且弹性地将接头的两个主体部分保持接触的压缩装置。在不可旋转的接头中，相交表面形成锯齿状的横截面并可压缩在一起。

56. 发明授权

US4850338A Solar collector system with radiation concentrated on heat absorber vanes 失效
标题翻译：具有辐射的太阳能收集器系统集中在吸热器叶片上
公开(公告)号：US4850338A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-25
申请号：US43256
申请日：1987-04-27
申请人： Frank D. Husson, Jr.
发明人： Frank D. Husson, Jr.
IPC分类号： C02F1/14 , F24J2/04 , F24J2/08 , F24J2/52
CPC分类号： F24J2/5262 , C02F1/14 , F24J2/0494 , F24J2/08 , F24J2/5203 , F24J2002/5275 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/47 , Y10S202/01
摘要： A rectangular frame contains a plurality of upwardly opening trays each having a heat absorber element with a plurality of upstanding vanes. A lens associated with each tray concentrates incident solar radiation on the vanes to preferentially heat a portion of the liquid filling the tray to a relatively high temperature at which vaporization is more efficiently accomplished than in prior solar stills. The evaporated liquid is condensed on an overlying surface and is collected for later use. The system may be used in distilling water and in solar refrigeration.
摘要翻译：矩形框架包括多个向上开口的托盘，每个托盘具有带有多个直立叶片的吸热体元件。与每个托盘相关联的透镜将入射的太阳辐射集中在叶片上，以将填充托盘的液体的一部分优先地加热到比现有太阳能蒸气更有效地实现蒸发的相对高的温度。蒸发的液体在上表面上冷凝，并被收集用于以后使用。该系统可用于蒸馏水和太阳能制冷。

57. 发明授权

US4845511A Space deployable domed solar concentrator with foldable panels and hinge therefor 失效
标题翻译：空间可展开的圆顶式太阳能集热器，具有可折叠面板和铰链
公开(公告)号：US4845511A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-04
申请号：US7191
申请日：1987-01-27
申请人： Fred G. Grayson , Warren H. Miller , James D. Sturgis
发明人： Fred G. Grayson , Warren H. Miller , James D. Sturgis
IPC分类号： F24J2/08 , F24J2/52 , H01Q15/16
CPC分类号： H01Q15/162 , F24J2/085 , F24J2/5241 , F24J2002/5486 , Y02E10/43 , Y02E10/47 , Y10T16/525
摘要： A space deployable solar energy concentrator is formed of a dome-shaped arrangement of compactly stowable flat panel segments mounted on a collapsible, space-deployable support structure of interconnected linear components. The support structure is comprised of a plurality of tensioned, curvilinear edge strips which extend in a radial direction from a prescribed vertex of a surrounding umbrella-like framework of radially extending rib members. Between a respective pair of radially-extending, curvilinear edge strips an individual wedge-shaped panel section is formed of a plurality of multi-segment lens panel strips each of which is supported in tension between the pair of edge strips by a pair of circumferentially extending catenary cord members connected to a pair of ribs of the surrounding umbrella-like framework. A respective lens panel strip is comprised of a plurality of flat, generally rectangular-shaped, energy-directing panels arranged side-by-side in the circumferential direction of the dome. Adjacent panels are interconnected by flexible U-shaped hinges which overlap opposing edges of adjacent panels and engage respective cylindrically-shaped, load distribution bars that slide within the flexible hinges. Because each U-shaped hinge is flexible, it is permitted to shift in the circumferential direction of the panel section to facilitate stowage and deployment of the dome.
摘要翻译：可空间展开的太阳能集中器由安装在可互相连接的线性部件的可折叠的，可部署空间的支撑结构上的紧凑可收放的平板段的圆顶形布置形成。支撑结构包括多个张紧的曲线边缘条，其从径向延伸的肋构件的周围的伞状框架的规定顶点沿径向方向延伸。在相应的一对径向延伸的曲线边缘条之间，单独的楔形板部分由多个多段透镜板条形成，每个多段透镜板条被一对沿周向延伸的一对边缘条带悬挂线构件连接到周围的伞状框架的一对肋骨。相应的透镜面板条由在圆顶的圆周方向上并排布置的多个平坦的大致矩形的能量定向板组成。相邻的面板通过柔性U形铰链相互连接，该铰链与相邻面板的相对边缘重叠并且接合在柔性铰链内滑动的相应的圆柱形的负载分配杆。因为每个U形铰链是柔性的，所以允许其在面板部分的圆周方向上移动以便于穹顶的装载和展开。

58. 发明授权

US4841946A Solar collector, transmitter and heater 失效
标题翻译：太阳能收集器，变送器和加热器
公开(公告)号：US4841946A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US923390
申请日：1986-10-27
申请人： Alvin M. Marks
发明人： Alvin M. Marks
IPC分类号： F24J2/02 , F24J2/08 , F24J2/18 , F24J2/38 , F24J2/54
CPC分类号： F24J2/542 , F24J2/02 , F24J2/085 , F24J2/18 , F24J2/38 , F24J2002/5479 , Y02B40/18 , Y02E10/43 , Y02E10/47 , Y10S126/907
摘要： A Solar Power collector, sunfollower, power transmitter and receiver is described. The Solar power collector is a Cassegrain Reflector optical system mounted on a carriage travelling on a semicircular track. A small photovoltaic cell and rechargeable battery provide the power to position the collector. A computer, sensors, electronic circuit and two servomotors provides accurate alignment of the collector with the sun's rays during the day, and returns it to follow the sun again the next morning. Sun-power is preferably transmitted from the collector via a light-pipe to a cavity where it is converted to heat-power. The heat-power may be stored as heat energy in a phase change material at a suitable temperature for cooking or other uses, such as heat-electric power generation. A plurality of collector-sunfollowers may transmit light-power to a single cavity heat storage depot, from which heat-power may be supplied on demand to various utilities.
摘要翻译：描述了太阳能收集器，日光灯，功率发射器和接收器。太阳能收集器是安装在半圆形轨道上行驶的托架上的卡塞格林反射器光学系统。小型光伏电池和可充电电池为收集器定位提供了电力。计算机，传感器，电子电路和两个伺服电机提供收集器与白天的太阳光线的精确对准，并在第二天早上使其再次跟随太阳。太阳能优选地通过光管从集电器传输到其中被转换成热功率的空腔。热功率可以作为热能储存在相变材料中，以适于烹饪或其他用途（例如热发电）的温度。多个收集器 - 太阳照射器可以将光功率传输到单个空腔蓄热仓库，从其可以根据需要向各种设施供应热能。

59. 发明授权

US4766884A Accumulator arrangement for the sunlight energy 失效
标题翻译：阳光能量的累积装置
公开(公告)号：US4766884A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-30
申请号：US58880
申请日：1987-06-05
申请人： Kei Mori
发明人： Kei Mori
IPC分类号： B01J19/12 , F21S11/00 , F24J2/06 , F24J2/08 , F24J2/34 , F24J2/46 , F28D20/00 , H01L31/058 , F24J2/40
CPC分类号： F24J2/4649 , B01J19/127 , F21S11/00 , F24J2/067 , F24J2/08 , F24J2/34 , F28D20/00 , H02S40/44 , Y02E10/40 , Y02E10/60 , Y02E60/142 , Y02E70/30 , Y10S126/909
摘要： A solar energy accumulator arrangement including a plurality of optical systems for focusing the sunlight and a fluid passage in a transparent body which is disposed such that it passes through, or in the vicinity of, the optical systems, the fluid passage receiving an induction substance which induces a photochemical reaction by light energy and accumulates the energy.
摘要翻译：一种太阳能蓄能器装置，其包括用于将阳光聚焦的多个光学系统和在透明体中的流体通道，该透明体设置成使其通过或附近的光学系统，所述流体通道接收感应物质，通过光能诱导光化学反应并积累能量。

60. 发明授权

US4505260A Radiant energy device 失效
标题翻译：辐射能量装置
公开(公告)号：US4505260A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-19
申请号：US406253
申请日：1982-09-09
申请人： James B. Metzger
发明人： James B. Metzger
IPC分类号： F24J2/06 , F24J2/07 , F24J2/08 , F24J2/44 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/08 , F24J2/06 , F24J2/07 , F24J2/44 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/44
摘要： Radiant energy such as solar energy is utilized to form a vapor from a liquid state of a material. Concentrated radiant energy is directed through a liquid lens to a target for absorption of the radiation. The target in this way is heated to a high temperature and produces steam or other vapor at high pressure. High efficiency at low over-all cost is achieved by (1) the direct vaporization of a liquid within a collector enclosing the target structure; (2) the recovery of energy absorbed by the liquid lens; (3) the reduction in conductive and convective heat losses in the solar collector by special enclosure of the target within the collector; (4) recovery of heat as blackbody radiation from the target by using reflective walls within the enclosure and/or permitting absorption of the blackbody radiation by the liquid lens; and (5) an optional use of a heat pump effect for increasing the output of the collector.
摘要翻译：利用诸如太阳能的辐射能量从物质的液体状态形成蒸汽。集中的辐射能通过液体透镜被引导到目标以吸收辐射。以这种方式将目标物加热到高温并在高压下产生蒸汽或其它蒸气。低成本的高效率通过以下方式实现：（1）在围绕目标结构的收集器内的液体的直接蒸发; （2）液体透镜吸收的能量的恢复; （3）收集器内目标特殊外壳在太阳能收集器中导电和对流热损耗的减少; （4）通过使用外壳内的反射壁和/或允许由液体透镜吸收黑体辐射，从而从目标物体回收热量作为黑体辐射; 和（5）可选地使用热泵效应来增加收集器的输出。

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