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1. 发明授权

US06646218B1 Multi-band spectral sorting system for light-weight articles 失效
标题翻译：用于轻型物品的多频谱光谱分选系统
公开(公告)号：US06646218B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-11
申请号：US09937804
申请日：2001-12-18
申请人： Duncan Campbell , Todd Hoffman , Cliff Leidecker , H. Parks Squyres
发明人： Duncan Campbell , Todd Hoffman , Cliff Leidecker , H. Parks Squyres
IPC分类号： B07C5342
CPC分类号： B07C5/367 , A24B1/04 , B07C5/3422 , B07C5/362 , B07C5/366 , B07C2501/0081 , G01N21/27 , G01N21/85 , Y10S209/906
摘要： An article sorting apparatus and method is disclosed and which conveys a mixture of articles on a conveyor belt and through an inspection zone, and which includes at least one illumination source emitting red, green, and infrared radiation for illuminating the articles in the inspection zone; a detector system for sensing the red, green, and infrared radiation reflected from the articles in the inspection zone, and which generates red data, green data, and infrared data; a processor receiving the red data, green data, and infrared data and which generates article sorting data; and a sorter responsive to the sorting data for separating the articles into acceptable articles and unacceptable articles.
摘要翻译：公开了一种物品分拣装置和方法，其在传送带上并通过检查区传送物品的混合物，并且包括至少一个发射红，绿和红外辐射的照明源，用于照射检查区中的物品; 用于感测从检查区域中的物品反射的红色，绿色和红外辐射并且产生红色数据，绿色数据和红外数据的检测器系统; 接收红色数据，绿色数据和红外线数据的处理器，其生成物品分类数据; 以及分拣机响应于用于将物品分离成可接受物品和不可接受物品的排序数据。

2. 发明授权

US5791497A Method of separating fruit or vegetable products 失效
标题翻译：分离水果或蔬菜制品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5791497A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-11
申请号：US647017
申请日：1996-05-08
申请人： Duncan Campbell , H. Parks Squyres
发明人： Duncan Campbell , H. Parks Squyres
IPC分类号： B07C5/342 , G01N21/85 , B07C5/00
CPC分类号： B07C5/3422 , G01N21/85
摘要： A method of separating selected fruit from a volume of fruit is based on the reflectivity of the selected fruit. The method utilizes an automated optical inspection and sorting system to illuminate a volume of fruit including cranberries characterized by a spectral power distribution in the infrared spectral region. The system detects reflections of wavelengths of the illumination in the infrared spectral region, identifies the selected fruit based on the detected reflectivity, and sorts the selected fruit from the volume of fruit.
摘要翻译：从一定量的水果中分离出选择的果实的方法是基于所选果实的反射率。该方法利用自动光学检查和分选系统来照亮包括红红色光谱区域中光谱功率分布特征的蔓越莓的水果体积。该系统检测红外光谱区域中的照明波长的反射，基于检测到的反射率识别所选择的果实，并从果实体积中分选出所选择的果实。

3. 发明授权

US06410872B1 Agricultural article inspection apparatus and method employing spectral manipulation to enhance detection contrast ratio 有权
公开(公告)号：US06410872B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-25
申请号：US09461079
申请日：1999-12-14
申请人： Duncan B. Campbell , James Ewan , Cliff J. Leidecker , H. Parks Squyres , Hooshmand M. Kalayeh
发明人： Duncan B. Campbell , James Ewan , Cliff J. Leidecker , H. Parks Squyres , Hooshmand M. Kalayeh
IPC分类号： B07C5342
摘要： A sorting system (110) conveys articles, such as peaches (114) on a conveyor belt (112) past an inspection zone (126) that is lighted by an illumination source (90) radiating a number of emission peaks over visible and infrared portions of the spectrum. The illumination source generates the radiation from an Indium Iodide lamp (92) that is reflected off a parabolic reflector (94) and through a “soda straw” collimator (100) to illuminated the peaches. A detector system (118) employs line scanning visible and infrared cameras (142, 140) to sense visible and IR wavelength reflectance values for the peach meat (124) and peach pit or pit fragments (126). Various image processing and analysis methologies, such as subtraction, ratio, logarithmic, regression, combination, angle, distance, and shape may be employed to enhance the image contrast and classify the resulting data for sorting the peaches. Employing subtraction also cancels “glint” caused by specular reflections of the illumination source off the peaches and into the cameras.

4. 发明授权

US5443164A Plastic container sorting system and method 失效
标题翻译：塑料容器分拣系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US5443164A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-22
申请号：US105349
申请日：1993-08-10
申请人： Casey P. Walsh , Philip L. Hoffman , William S. Drummond , H. Parks Squyres
发明人： Casey P. Walsh , Philip L. Hoffman , William S. Drummond , H. Parks Squyres
IPC分类号： B07C5/34 , B07C5/342 , B07C5/00 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： B07C5/365 , B07C5/3416 , B07C5/3422 , Y10S209/938
摘要： A plastic container sorter (10) moves labeled plastic containers (14, 20, 48, 54, 58) of various colors and transparencies through an inspection zone (18). A pair of line-scanning color cameras (22, 24) capture respective transmittance and reflectance images of the containers and generate raw transmittance and reflectance image data. The raw container data are digitized, normalized, and binarized to provide accurate transmittance and reflectance container RGB image data and binarized image data for differentiating container image data from background data. Container sorting entails eroding (120) the binarized transmittance image and merging (122) the eroded image with the transmittance image data to yield a transmittance image. The eroded transmittance image is analyzed (124, 126) to determine whether the container is opaque. If the container is opaque, color analysis proceeds by analyzing the reflectance image data. If, however, the container is not opaque, transmittance image data are used to classify the container as green transparent (140), translucent (142), or clear transparent (142). Classified containers are transferred to an ejection conveyor (46). Side discharge of a classified container is effected by an air ejector (64) blast that is timed in response to sensing a particular container adjacent to an appropriate side discharge station (60).
摘要翻译：塑料容器分类器（10）通过检查区（18）移动各种颜色和透明胶片的标签塑料容器（14,20,48,54,58）。一对线扫描彩色摄像机（22,24）捕获容器的各个透射率和反射率图像，并产生原始透射率和反射率图像数据。原始容器数据被数字化，归一化和二值化，以提供准确的透射率和反射容器RGB图像数据和用于将容器图像数据与背景数据区分开的二值化图像数据。容器排序需要侵蚀（120）二值化的透射图像并将侵蚀的图像与透射图像数据合并（122）以产生透射图像。分析侵蚀的透射率图像（124,126）以确定容器是不透明的。如果容器是不透明的，则通过分析反射率图像数据进行颜色分析。然而，如果容器不是不透明的，则透射率图像数据用于将容器分类为绿色透明（140），半透明（142）或透明透明（142）。分类容器被转移到排出输送机（46）。分类容器的侧排放通过响应于感测到与适当侧排放站（60）相邻的特定容器而定时的空气喷射器（64）爆炸来实现。

5. 发明授权

US5675416A Apparatus and method for detecting and sorting plastic articles having a preferred axis of birefringence 失效
标题翻译：用于检测和分类具有优选双折射轴的塑料制品的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5675416A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-07
申请号：US589187
申请日：1996-01-22
申请人： Duncan B. Campbell , Carl D. Christy , H. Parks Squyres , Steven D. Lancaster
发明人： Duncan B. Campbell , Carl D. Christy , H. Parks Squyres , Steven D. Lancaster
IPC分类号： G01J4/00 , B07C5/342 , G01N21/23 , G01N21/89 , H04N7/18 , B07C5/00 , A01S40/14
CPC分类号： B07C5/368 , B07C5/3422 , H04N7/188
摘要： A sorting system (10) propels a stream of randomly arranged PET and PVC articles (12, 14) through an inspection zone (20) including a first light polarizer/analyzer combination (24, 26), an article-detecting gap (G), and a second light polarizer/analyzer combination (28, 30). The first and second polarizer/analyzer combinations are oriented to extinguish normally incident light in the absence of articles in the inspection zone and are offset 45 degrees relative to each other such that at least one polarizer/analyzer combination detects a principal axis of birefringence of PET articles. The gap is employed to detect the presence of an article in the inspection zone. A video camera (22) includes first, second, and third CCD arrays (58, 60, 62) positioned to receive respective light rays (48, 64, 50) from the first light polarizer/analyzer combination, the gap, and the second light polarizer/analyzer combination and to generate first, second, and third video signals representative of the light each receives. A video signal processor (68) processes the second video signal to identify the presence of multiple articles in the inspection zone, processes the first and third video signals to determine whether each of the multiple articles is made from PET, and selectively activates air ejectors (70) to separate the PET articles from the other articles.
摘要翻译：分选系统（10）通过包括第一光偏振器/分析仪组合（24,26），物品检测间隙（G）的检查区（20）推动随机布置的PET和PVC制品（12,14）流，，以及第二光偏振器/分析器组合（28,30）。第一和第二偏振器/分析仪组合被定向以在检查区域中不存在物品的情况下熄灭正常入射的光，并相对于彼此偏移45度，使得至少一个偏振器/分析仪组合检测PET的双折射主轴文章。使用间隙来检测检查区中物品的存在。视频摄像机（22）包括第一，第二和第三CCD阵列（58,60,62），其定位成从第一光偏振器/分析仪组合接收相应的光线（48,64,50），间隙和第二CCD 光偏振器/分析仪组合，并且产生表示每个接收的光的第一，第二和第三视频信号。视频信号处理器（68）处理第二视频信号以识别检查区域中多个物品的存在，处理第一和第三视频信号以确定多个物品中的每一个是否由PET制成，并且选择性地激活空气喷射器 70）将PET制品与其他物品分开。

6. 发明授权

US06225620B1 Peach pit detection apparatus and method 有权
标题翻译：桃坑检测装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US06225620B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-01
申请号：US09277568
申请日：1999-03-26
申请人： Duncan B. Campbell , James Ewan , Cliff J. Leidecker , H. Parks Squyres
发明人： Duncan B. Campbell , James Ewan , Cliff J. Leidecker , H. Parks Squyres
IPC分类号： B07C5342
CPC分类号： B07C5/3422 , G01N21/31 , G01N21/85 , G01N2021/8466
摘要： A peach sorting system (110) conveys peaches (114) on a conveyor belt (112) past an inspection zone (126) that is lighted by an illumination source (90) radiating a number of emission peaks over visible and infrared portions of the spectrum. The illumination source generates the radiation from an Indium Iodide lamp (92) that is reflected off a parabolic reflector (94) and through a “soda straw” collimator (100) to illuminated the peaches. A detector system (118) employs line scanning visible and infrared cameras (142, 140) to sense visible and IR wavelength reflectance value differences existing between peach meat (124) and peach pit or pit fragments (126). Because there is a reversal in the reflectance values between the visible and infrared wavelengths, a data subtraction technique (150) is employed to enhance the detection contrast ratio. The data subtraction technique also cancels “glint” caused by specular reflections of the illumination source off the peaches and into the cameras.
摘要翻译：桃分选系统（110）将传送带（112）上的桃（114）传送通过照射源（90）照射的检查区（126），所述照明源（90）在光谱的可见光和红外部分上辐射多个发射峰。照明源产生来自抛物面反射器（94）并通过“苏打吸管”准直器（100）反射的碘化铟灯（92）的照射以照亮桃子。检测器系统（118）使用线扫描可见光和红外相机（142,140）来感测存在于桃肉（124）和桃子坑或坑碎片（126）之间的可见光和IR波长反射率值差。因为可见光和红外波长之间的反射率值有反转，所以采用数据减法技术（150）来提高检测对比度。数据减法技术还可以消除由于桃子和相机中的照明源的镜面反射引起的“闪烁”。

7. 发明授权

US5419438A Apparatus and method for sorting post-consumer articles according to PVC content 失效
标题翻译：根据PVC含量分类消费后物品的设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US5419438A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-30
申请号：US157839
申请日：1993-11-24
申请人： H. Parks Squyres , William S. Drummond
发明人： H. Parks Squyres , William S. Drummond
IPC分类号： B07C5/342 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/89 , B07C5/02
CPC分类号： G01N21/6456 , B07C5/3427 , B29B17/02 , G01N21/85 , G01N21/8901 , B29B2017/0279 , B29B2017/0289 , B29K2027/06 , B29K2067/00 , B29L2031/7158 , Y02W30/622
摘要： In a preferred embodiment, a sorting apparatus according to the present invention includes a conveyor belt for carrying a stream randomly-arranged articles, at least some of which are post-consumer plastic articles made of PVC and others of which are made of PET. The conveyor belt carries the articles to an irradiation area where they are irradiated with ultraviolet light that induces the post-consumer articles of PVC to emit phosphorescent light that persists after the irradiation ends. The conveyor belt then carries the articles to an inspection zone that is isolated from the ultraviolet light. A video camera is positioned to receive phosphorescent light emitted from post-consumer articles made of PVC. Other articles commonly in the stream of post-consumer plastic articles (e.g., PET) do not emit phosphorescent light and are, therefore, distinguishable from the PVC articles.
摘要翻译：在一个优选实施例中，根据本发明的分拣装置包括用于携带流随机布置的物品的输送带，其中至少一些是由PVC制成的消费后塑料制品，而其它物品由PET制成。输送带将物品运送到照射区域，在那里照射紫外线的紫外线，其引起消费后的PVC物品发射在照射结束后持续的磷光。然后，输送带将物品运送到与紫外线隔离的检查区域。定位摄像机以接收由PVC制成的消费后产品发出的磷光。通常在消费后塑料制品（例如PET）流中的其它制品不会发射磷光，因此与PVC制品不同。

8. 发明授权

US5315384A Color line scan video camera for inspection system 失效
标题翻译：彩色线扫描摄像机进行检测系统
公开(公告)号：US5315384A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-24
申请号：US982148
申请日：1992-11-25
申请人： Jack C. Heffington , H. Parks Squyres
发明人： Jack C. Heffington , H. Parks Squyres
IPC分类号： H04N9/097 , H04N7/18
CPC分类号： H04N9/097
摘要： A color line scan video camera (50) for inspecting articles (18) includes a prismatic beam splitter arrangement (52) that receives a wide spectrum of visible light from a variable magnification objective lens arrangement (54) to provide improved multi-color inspection capability. The prismatic beam splitter separates the light received from the scanned articles into three preselected spectral bands of light, each of which is imaged upon a different charge-coupled device line scan sensor that generates a corresponding color component video signal. The light transmission characteristics of the lens are "color-corrected" to transmit uniformly the light received from the scanned articles.
摘要翻译：用于检查物品（18）的彩色线扫描摄像机（50）包括棱镜分束器装置（52），其接收来自可变放大物镜装置（54）的宽范围的可见光，以提供改进的多色检查能力。棱镜分束器将从被扫描的物品接收的光分成三个预选的光谱带，每个光谱带在不同的电荷耦合器件线扫描传感器上成像，该传感器产生相应的颜色分量视频信号。透镜的透光特性被“颜色校正”以均匀地传输从被扫描的物品接收的光。

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