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    • 1. 发明申请
    • ENZYMATIC DEPOLYMERIZATION AND SOLUBILIZATION OF CHEMICALLY PRETREATED COAL AND COAL-DERIVED CONSTITUENTS
    • 化学分解和化学化学预处理煤和煤炭衍生物
    • WO2013177471A3
    • 2014-01-30
    • PCT/US2013042536
    • 2013-05-23
    • UNIV WYOMINGURYNOWICZ MICHAEL AHUANG ZAIXING
    • URYNOWICZ MICHAEL AHUANG ZAIXING
    • C12P5/00
    • C12P1/02C10L9/02C12P17/16C12P17/188C12Y111/01013C12Y301/0102
    • Use of chemical pretreatment agents on the subsequent enzymatic conversion of coal is described. As an example, fungal manganese peroxidase (MnP) produced by the agaric white-rot fungus Bjerkandera adusta, where the enzyme MnP has little effect on the untreated coal controls, was investigated. The nature of pretreatment agents and their applied concentrations were found to have significant impact on subsequent enzymatic conversion of coal. Four agents were investigated: HNO3, catalyzed H2O2, KMnO4, and NaOH. Hydrogen peroxide was found to generate the greatest quantity of total organic carbon from the coal samples employed. Combined chemical and enzymatic treatment of coal is appropriate for enhanced depolymerisation of coal and coal-derived constituents and results in chemically heterogeneous and complex liquefaction products like humic and fulvic acids, which will have important ramifications in the generation of liquid and gaseous fuels from coals as nonpetroleum-derived fuel alternatives.
    • 描述了使用化学预处理剂对煤的后续酶转化。 作为例子,研究了由未处理的煤对照物对酶MnP几乎没有影响的木瓜白腐真菌Bjerkandera adusta产生的真菌锰过氧化物酶(MnP)。 发现预处理剂的性质及其应用浓度对煤的后续酶转化具有显着影响。 研究了四种试剂:HNO3,催化H2O2,KMnO4和NaOH。 发现过氧化氢从所采用的煤样中产生最大量的总有机碳。 煤的联合化学和酶处理适用于煤和煤衍生成分的增强解聚,并导致化学异质和复杂的液化产物如腐殖酸和富里酸,这将在从煤中产生液态和气态燃料方面产生重要影响 非石油衍生燃料替代品。
    • 6. 发明申请
    • METHOD FOR TREATING CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
    • 处理碳材料的方法
    • WO2003074639A1
    • 2003-09-12
    • PCT/AU2003/000258
    • 2003-03-05
    • KARALEE RESEARCH PTY LTDLLOYD, Robert
    • LLOYD, Robert
    • C10L9/02
    • C10L9/02
    • Process for reducing the amount of sulfur-containing impurities in carbonaceous materials are described. One process comprises contacting the materials with an aqueous solution of hydrofluorosilicic acid in the absence of hydrogen fluoride under conditions wherein at least some of the sulfur-containing impurities react with the hydrofluorosilicic acid to form reaction products and separating the reaction products from the carbonaceous materials. Another process comprises contacting the materials with an aqueous solution of hydrofluorosilicic acid in the absence of hydrogen fluoride under conditions wherein at least some of the sulfur-containing impurities react with the hydrofluorosilicic acid to form reaction products, separating the reaction products and the hydrofluorosilicic acid from the carbonaceous materials and subsequently treating the carbonaceous materials with a fluorine acid solution which comprises an aqueous solution of hydrofluorosilicic acid and hydrogen fluoride. A further process comprises treating the carbonaceous materials with a fluorine acid solution which comprises an aqueous solution of hydrofluorosilicic acid and hydrogen fluoride, separating the carbonaceous materials from the aqueous solution of hydrofluorosilicic acid and hydrogen fluoride, and then contacting the carbonaceous materials with an organic solvent capable of dissolving elemental sulfur.
    • 描述了用于减少碳质材料中的含硫杂质的量的方法。 一种方法包括在不存在氟化氢的条件下使材料与氢氟硅酸的水溶液接触,其中至少一些含硫杂质与氢氟硅酸反应以形成反应产物并将反应产物与碳质材料分离。 另一种方法包括在不存在氟化氢的条件下使材料与氢氟硅酸的水溶液接触,其中至少一些含硫杂质与氢氟硅酸反应以形成反应产物,将反应产物和氢氟硅酸从 碳质材料,随后用包含氢氟硅酸和氟化氢水溶液的氟酸溶液处理碳质材料。 另外的方法包括用包含氢氟硅酸和氟化氢水溶液的氟酸溶液处理含碳物质,从含氟硅酸和氟化氢的水溶液中分离含碳材料,然后将碳质材料与有机溶剂接触 能够溶解元素硫。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • INTEGRATED COAL CLEANING PROCESS WITH MIXED ACID REGENERATION
    • 具有混合酸再生的综合煤清洗工艺
    • WO1989002416A1
    • 1989-03-23
    • PCT/US1987002400
    • 1987-09-21
    • WILLIAMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
    • WILLIAMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.KINDIG, James, KellyREYNOLDS, James, E.
    • C01L09/02
    • C10L9/02
    • The invention comprises producing clean coal having a mineral matter content of less than about 5 percent by leaching feed coal (2) crushed or sized to less than about 1 inch with a mixture of hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids (104) comprising less than about 70 weight percent HF and less than about 38 weight HCl at atmospheric pressure and a temperature below the boiling point of the acid; washing the leached residue substantially free of spent acids and dissolved solids (108); separating pyrite from the coal by physical means (110); reducing halogens on the coal by thermal treatment (114); and regenerating the mixture of HF and HCl by dual pyrohydrolysis and suflation of the spent acids (109) to recover substantially all the fluorine value except for that reporting to waste as MgF2 either as HF or as volatile fluorides which are recycled.
    • 本发明包括通过用包含小于约70重量份的盐酸和氢氟酸(104)的混合物浸出粉碎或尺寸小于约1英寸的原料煤(2)来生产矿物质含量小于约5%的洁净煤 在大气压和低于酸沸点的温度下,HF和小于约38重量%HCl; 洗涤浸出的残余物基本上不含废酸和溶解的固体(108); 通过物理手段从煤中分离黄铁矿(110); 通过热处理减少煤上的卤素(114); 并通过双重热水解和废酸(109)的充气再生HF和HCl的混合物,以回收基本上所有的氟值,除了作为MgF 2作为HFF或作为再循环的挥发性氟化物报告为废物。