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1. 发明申请

WO1994016077A1 METHOD FOR BREEDING DISEASE RESISTANCE INTO PLANTS 审中-公开
标题翻译：将抗病性投入植物的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1994016077A1
公开(公告)日：1994-07-21
申请号：PCT/US1994000255
申请日：1994-01-06
申请人： CIBA-GEIGY AG , RYALS, John, A. , UKNES, Scott, J. , DELANEY, Terrence, Patrick , WARD, Eric, R.
发明人： CIBA-GEIGY AG
IPC分类号： C12N15/29
CPC分类号： C12N15/8281 , A01H1/02 , A01H1/04 , A61K49/0008 , C07K14/415 , C12N15/8282
摘要： Methods are provided for selecting parental plants having disease resistance and for using these plants in breeding programs. In one method of the invention, lesion mimic mutants are screened for either resistance to a pathogen of interest or for the expression of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) genes. Such mutants having the desired traits or expressing the desired genes are then used in breeding programs. Parent plants can also be selected based on the constitutive expression of SAR genes.
摘要翻译：提供了用于选择具有抗病性的亲本植物和在育种程序中使用这些植物的方法。在本发明的一种方法中，筛选病毒模拟突变体对感兴趣的病原体的抗性或用于表达系统性获得性抗性（SAR）基因。然后将具有所需性状或表达所需基因的这种突变体用于育种程序中。也可以根据SAR基因的组成型表达选择亲本植物。

2. 发明申请

WO9811235A3 TRANSGENIC PLANTS EXPRESSING CELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES 审中-公开
标题翻译：表达微生物酶的转基因植物
公开(公告)号：WO9811235A3
公开(公告)日：1998-06-04
申请号：PCT/US9716187
申请日：1997-09-12
申请人： CIBA GEIGY AG , LEBEL EDOUARD , HEIFETZ PETER , WARD ERIC , UKNES SCOTT
发明人： LEBEL EDOUARD , HEIFETZ PETER , WARD ERIC , UKNES SCOTT
IPC分类号： A01H5/00 , C12N5/10 , C12N9/12 , C12N9/24 , C12N9/42 , C12N15/09 , C12N15/56 , C12N15/82
CPC分类号： C12N15/8216 , C12N9/2437 , C12N15/8214 , C12N15/8217 , C12N15/8237 , C12N15/8238 , C12N15/8242 , C12N15/8246 , C12Y302/01004 , Y02E50/16 , Y02E50/17
摘要： The invention provides novel methods of controlling gene expression in plastids, using an inducible, transactivator-mediated system, and plants comprising the novel expression systems. The present invention further describes the production of cellulose-degrading enzymes in plants via the application of genetic engineering techniques. Cellulase coding sequences are fused to promoters active in plants and transformed into the nuclear genome and the chloroplast genome. As cellulases may be toxic to plants, preferred promoters are those that are chemically-inducible. In this manner, expression of the cellulase genes transformed into plants may be chemically induced at an appropriate time. In addition, the expressed cellulases may be targeted to vacuoles or other organelles to alleviate toxicity problems. The present invention finds utility in any industrial process requiring a plentiful supply of cellulases, but particularly finds utility in the conversion of cellulosic biomass to ethanol.

3. 发明申请

WO1995033818A2 GENES FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF ANTIPATHOGENIC SUBSTANCES 审中-公开
标题翻译：合成抗病原物质的基因
公开(公告)号：WO1995033818A2
公开(公告)日：1995-12-14
申请号：PCT/IB1995000414
申请日：1995-05-30
申请人： CIBA-GEIGY AG , LIGON, James, Madison , SCHUPP, Thomas , BECK, James, Joseph , HILL, Dwight, Steven , RYALS, John, Andrew , GAFFNEY, Thomas, Deane , LAM, Stephen, Ting , HAMMER, Philip, Eugene , UKNES, Scott, Joseph
发明人： CIBA-GEIGY AG
IPC分类号： C12N00/00
CPC分类号： C07K14/195 , C07K14/21 , C12N15/52 , C12N15/78 , C12N15/8282 , C12P17/08 , C12P17/10
摘要： The present invention is directed to the production of an antipathogenic substance (APS) in a host via recombinant expression of the polypeptides needed to biologically synthesize the APS. Genes encoding polypeptides necessary to produce particular antipathogenic substances are provided, along with methods for identifying and isolating genes needed to recombinantly biosynthesize any desired APS. The cloned genes may be transformed and expressed in a desired host organisms to produce the APS according to the invention for a variety of purposes, including protecting the host from a pathogen, developing the host as a biocontrol agent, and producing large uniform amounts of the APS.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及通过生物合成APS所需的多肽的重组表达在宿主中产生抗病原体（APS）。提供编码产生特定抗病原体物质所必需的多肽的基因，以及用于鉴定和分离重组生物合成任何所需APS所需的基因的方法。克隆的基因可以在所需的宿主生物体中转化和表达，以产生本发明的APS用于各种目的，包括保护宿主免受病原体的侵袭，将宿主作为生物防治剂开发，并产生大量均匀的 APS。

4. 发明申请

WO1998026082A1 METHODS OF USING THE NIM1 GENE TO CONFER DISEASE RESISTANCE IN PLANTS 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用NIM1基因在植物中防治疾病耐药性的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1998026082A1
公开(公告)日：1998-06-18
申请号：PCT/EP1997007012
申请日：1997-12-12
申请人： NOVARTIS AG , RYALS, John, Andrew , LAWTON, Kay, Ann , UKNES, Scott, Joseph , STEINER, Henry-York , HUNT, Michelle, Denise , FRIEDRICH, Leslie, Bethards
发明人： NOVARTIS AG
IPC分类号： C12N15/82
CPC分类号： G01N33/48 , A01N65/08 , A01N65/38 , C07K14/415 , C12N15/8281 , C12N15/8282 , A01N65/00 , A01N2300/00
摘要： The invention concerns the location and characterization of a gene (designated NIM1) that is a key component of the SAR pathway and that in connection with chemical and biological inducers enables induction of SAR gene expression and broad spectrum disease resistance in plants. The NIM1 gene product is a structural homologue of the mammalian signal transduction factor I kappa B subclass alpha . The present invention exploits this discovery to provide altered forms of NIM1 that act as dominant-negative regulators of the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) signal transduction pathway. These altered forms of NIM1 confer the opposite phenotype as the nim1 mutant in plants transformed with the altered forms of NIM1, i.e. the transgenic plants exhibit constitutive SAR gene expression and a constitutive immunity (CIM) phenotype. The invention further concerns transformation vectors and processes for overexpressing the NIM1 gene in plants. The transgenic plants thus created have broad spectrum disease resistance. The present invention further concerns DNA molecules encoding altered forms of the NIM1 gene, expression vectors containing such DNA molecules, and plants and plant cells transformed therewith. The invention further concerns transformation vectors and processes for overexpressing the NIM1 gene in plants. Disclosed are vectors and processes for producing overexpression of the NIM1 gene in plants. The invention also concerns methods of activating SAR in plants and conferring to plants a CIM phenotype and broad spectrum disease resistance by transforming the plants with DNA molecules encoding altered forms of the NIM1 gene product.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及作为SAR途径的关键组分的基因（称为NIM1）的定位和表征，并且与化学和生物诱导物有关的基因能够诱导植物中的SAR基因表达和广谱抗病性。 NIM1基因产物是哺乳动物信号转导因子IκB亚型α的结构同源物。本发明利用这一发现提供作为系统获得性抗性（SAR）信号转导途径的显性负调节因子的NIM1的改变形式。 NIM1的这些改变形式赋予与改变形式的NIM1转化的植物中的nim1突变体相反的表型，即转基因植物表现出组成型SAR基因表达和组成型免疫（CIM）表型。本发明还涉及在植物中过表达NIM1基因的转化载体和过程。由此产生的转基因植物具有广谱抗病性。本发明还涉及编码NIM1基因改变形式的DNA分子，含有这种DNA分子的表达载体，以及用其转化的植物和植物细胞。本发明还涉及在植物中过表达NIM1基因的转化载体和过程。公开了用于在植物中产生NIM1基因的过表达的载体和方法。本发明还涉及通过用编码NIM1基因产物的改变形式的DNA分子转化植物，在植物中激活SAR并赋予植物CIM表型和广谱抗病性的方法。

5. 发明申请

WO1998003536A1 CHEMICALLY-INDUCIBLE ARABIDOPSIS PR-1 PROMOTER 审中-公开
标题翻译：化学诱导性ARABIDOPSIS PR-1 PROMOTER
公开(公告)号：WO1998003536A1
公开(公告)日：1998-01-29
申请号：PCT/US1997012626
申请日：1997-07-18
申请人： NOVARTIS CORPORATION , LEBEL, Edouard, Guillaume , RYALS, John, Andrew , THORNE, Leigh , UKNES, Scott, Joseph , WARD, Eric, Russell
发明人： NOVARTIS CORPORATION
IPC分类号： C07H21/04
CPC分类号： C12N15/8238 , C07K14/415
摘要： The nucleic acid sequence of the full-length, chemically inducible Arabidopsis PR-1 promoter has been discovered and is disclosed herein. Furthermore, cis-acting regulatory elements in the Arabidopsis PR-1 promoter involved in chemical induction have been characterized using deletion and linker-scanning mutagenesis and in vivo footprinting. It has been discovered that at least a portion of the region of promoter between positions -698 and -621 (relative to the transcription start site of the PR-1 gene) is required for induction of gene expression by chemicals. Two 10-bp linker-scanning mutations centered at 640-bp and 610-bp upstream from the transcription start site abolish the inducibility of the promoter while another 10-bp mutation centered at -670 bp results in average induced expression levels 4-fold higher than the unmutated promoter. Additionally, inducible in vivo footprints are located at positions -629 and -628 and at position -604 on the coding strand and at position -641 on the non-coding strand. The use of chemically inducible Arabidopsis PR-1 promoter fragments to regulate gene expression in plants in the presence of inducing chemicals such as SA, INA, and BTH is disclosed, as well as the use of these elements for the isolation of transcriptional regulatory proteins involved in the promoter regulation and for the construction of inducible hybrid promoters.
摘要翻译：已经发现了全长化学诱导型拟南芥PR-1启动子的核酸序列，并在此公开。此外，参与化学诱导的拟南芥PR-1启动子中的顺式作用调节元件已经使用缺失和连接物扫描诱变和体内足迹进行表征。已经发现，通过化学物质诱导基因表达需要至少部分-698和-621位点之间的启动子区域（相对于PR-1基因的转录起始位点）。以转录起始位点上游640-bp和610-bp为中心的两个10-bp接头扫描突变消除了启动子的诱导性，而另一个以-670bp为中心的10-bp突变导致平均诱导的表达水平高4倍比未突变的启动子。此外，可诱导的体内足迹位于编码链上的位置-629和-628，位置-604位于非编码链上-641位。公开了使用化学诱导型拟南芥PR-1启动子片段在诱导化学物质如SA，INA和BTH存在下调节植物中的基因表达，以及这些元件用于分离涉及转录调节蛋白的用途在启动子调节和诱导型杂合启动子的构建中。

6. 发明申请

WO1995019443A2 CHEMICALLY REGULATABLE AND ANTI-PATHOGENIC DNA SEQUENCES AND USES THEREOF 审中-公开
标题翻译：化学稳定性和抗病原性DNA序列及其用途
公开(公告)号：WO1995019443A2
公开(公告)日：1995-07-20
申请号：PCT/IB1995000002
申请日：1995-01-03
申请人： CIBA-GEIGY AG , RYALS, John, A. , ALEXANDER, Danny, C. , UKNES, Scott, J. , WARD, Eric, R.
发明人： CIBA-GEIGY AG
IPC分类号： C12N15/82
CPC分类号： C12N9/2462 , C07D285/14 , C07K14/415 , C07K2319/00 , C07K2319/02 , C07K2319/55 , C07K2319/61 , C12N9/0065 , C12N9/0073 , C12N9/2442 , C12N15/625 , C12N15/8238 , C12N15/8239 , C12N15/8274 , C12N15/8282 , C12N15/8286 , C12Y114/13001 , C12Y302/01014 , C12Y302/01039 , C12Y302/01058 , C12Y302/01073 , Y02A40/162
摘要： The present invention provides recombinant or chimaeric DNA molecules comprising plant SAR genes, wherein the wild-type genes corresponding to said SAR genes can be chemically induced in a plant in a protein-synthesis independent or in a protein-synthesis dependent manner. Methods for obtaining these DNA molecules are also provided. Additionally, the present invention provides chemically inducible wheat genes, Arabidopsis chitinase IV, Maize PR-1mz, and Maize thaumatin PR-5mz. The anti-pathogenic sequences according to the invention can be genetically engineered and transformed into plants to obtain transgenic plants with enhanced resistance to disease. In one embodiment of the present invention, the chemically regulatable DNA promoter sequence of the Arabidopsis Pr-1 gene is provided. Another aspect of the present invention is a method of improving protection of a plant against a pest comprising transgenically expressing in said plant two or more DNA molecules encoding anti-pathogenic proteins, wherein the transgenically expressed proteins exert a synergistic effect.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了包含植物SAR基因的重组或嵌合DNA分子，其中对应于所述SAR基因的野生型基因可以在蛋白质合成中以蛋白质合成的依赖性方式在植物中化学诱导。还提供了获得这些DNA分子的方法。此外，本发明提供化学诱导型小麦基因，拟南芥几丁质酶IV，玉米PR-1mz和玉米丘脑蛋白PR-5mz。根据本发明的抗病原性序列可以被遗传工程化并转化到植物中以获得具有增强的抗病性的转基因植物。在本发明的一个实施方案中，提供了拟南芥Pr-1基因的化学上可调节的DNA启动子序列。本发明的另一方面是改善植物对害虫的保护的方法，包括在所述植物中转基因表达两种或更多种编码抗病原性蛋白质的DNA分子，其中转基因表达的蛋白质发挥协同作用。

7. 发明申请

WO1998011235A2 TRANSGENIC PLANTS EXPRESSING CELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES 审中-公开
标题翻译：表达微生物酶的转基因植物
公开(公告)号：WO1998011235A2
公开(公告)日：1998-03-19
申请号：PCT/US1997016187
申请日：1997-09-12
申请人： NOVARTIS AG , LEBEL, Edouard , HEIFETZ, Peter , WARD, Eric , UKNES, Scott
发明人： NOVARTIS AG
IPC分类号： C12N15/56
CPC分类号： C12N15/8216 , C12N9/2437 , C12N15/8214 , C12N15/8217 , C12N15/8237 , C12N15/8238 , C12N15/8242 , C12N15/8246 , C12Y302/01004 , Y02E50/16 , Y02E50/17
摘要： The invention provides novel methods of controlling gene expression in plastids, using an inducible, transactivator-mediated system, and plants comprising the novel expression systems. The present invention further describes the production of cellulose-degrading enzymes in plants via the application of genetic engineering techniques. Cellulase coding sequences are fused to promoters active in plants and transformed into the nuclear genome and the chloroplast genome. As cellulases may be toxic to plants, preferred promoters are those that are chemically-inducible. In this manner, expression of the cellulase genes transformed into plants may be chemically induced at an appropriate time. In addition, the expressed cellulases may be targeted to vacuoles or other organelles to alleviate toxicity problems. The present invention finds utility in any industrial process requiring a plentiful supply of cellulases, but particularly finds utility in the conversion of cellulosic biomass to ethanol.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了使用诱导型反式激活因子介导的系统以及包含新型表达系统的植物来控制质体中基因表达的新方法。本发明进一步描述了通过应用基因工程技术在植物中生产纤维素降解酶。纤维素酶编码序列与在植物中有活性的启动子融合，并转化到核基因组和叶绿体基因组中。由于纤维素酶对植物有毒性，优选的启动子是化学诱导型的启动子。以这种方式，可以在适当的时间化学诱导转化到植物中的纤维素酶基因的表达。此外，表达的纤维素酶可以靶向液泡或其他细胞器以减轻毒性问题。本发明可用于需要大量供应纤维素酶的任何工业过程中，特别是在纤维素生物质转化为乙醇方面具有实用价值。

8. 发明申请

WO9533818A3 GENES FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF ANTIPATHOGENIC SUBSTANCES 审中-公开
标题翻译：合成抗病原物质的基因
公开(公告)号：WO9533818A3
公开(公告)日：1995-12-28
申请号：PCT/IB9500414
申请日：1995-05-30
申请人： CIBA GEIGY AG , LIGON JAMES MADISON , SCHUPP THOMAS , BECK JAMES JOSEPH , HILL DWIGHT STEVEN , RYALS JOHN ANDREW , GAFFNEY THOMAS DEANE , LAM STEPHEN TING , HAMMER PHILIP EUGENE , UKNES SCOTT JOSEPH
发明人： LIGON JAMES MADISON , SCHUPP THOMAS , BECK JAMES JOSEPH , HILL DWIGHT STEVEN , RYALS JOHN ANDREW , GAFFNEY THOMAS DEANE , LAM STEPHEN TING , HAMMER PHILIP EUGENE , UKNES SCOTT JOSEPH
IPC分类号： A01H5/00 , A01N37/44 , A01N63/00 , C07K14/195 , C07K14/21 , C12N1/15 , C12N1/19 , C12N1/21 , C12N5/10 , C12N15/09 , C12N15/31 , C12N15/52 , C12N15/78 , C12N15/82 , C12P17/08 , C12P17/10 , C12P21/02 , C12R1/91 , C12N
CPC分类号： C07K14/195 , C07K14/21 , C12N15/52 , C12N15/78 , C12N15/8282 , C12P17/08 , C12P17/10
摘要： The present invention is directed to the production of an antipathogenic substance (APS) in a host via recombinant expression of the polypeptides needed to biologically synthesize the APS. Genes encoding polypeptides necessary to produce particular antipathogenic substances are provided, along with methods for identifying and isolating genes needed to recombinantly biosynthesize any desired APS. The cloned genes may be transformed and expressed in a desired host organisms to produce the APS according to the invention for a variety of purposes, including protecting the host from a pathogen, developing the host as a biocontrol agent, and producing large, uniform amounts of the APS.

9. 发明申请

WO9519443A3 CHEMICALLY REGULATABLE AND ANTI-PATHOGENIC DNA SEQUENCES AND USES THEREOF 审中-公开
标题翻译：化学稳定性和抗病原性DNA序列及其用途
公开(公告)号：WO9519443A3
公开(公告)日：1995-10-12
申请号：PCT/IB9500002
申请日：1995-01-03
申请人： CIBA GEIGY AG , RYALS JOHN A , ALEXANDER DANNY C , UKNES SCOTT J , WARD ERIC R
发明人： RYALS JOHN A , ALEXANDER DANNY C , UKNES SCOTT J , WARD ERIC R
IPC分类号： C07D285/14 , C07K14/415 , C12N9/02 , C12N9/08 , C12N9/24 , C12N9/36 , C12N15/29 , C12N15/56 , C12N15/62 , C12N15/82 , A01H5/00 , A01N63/02
CPC分类号： C12N9/2462 , C07D285/14 , C07K14/415 , C07K2319/00 , C07K2319/02 , C07K2319/55 , C07K2319/61 , C12N9/0065 , C12N9/0073 , C12N9/2442 , C12N15/625 , C12N15/8238 , C12N15/8239 , C12N15/8274 , C12N15/8282 , C12N15/8286 , C12Y114/13001 , C12Y302/01014 , C12Y302/01039 , C12Y302/01058 , C12Y302/01073 , Y02A40/162
摘要： The present invention provides chemically regulatable DNA sequences capable of regulating transcription of an associated DNA sequence in plants or plant tissues, chimeric constructions containing such sequences, vectors containing such sequences and chimeric constructions, and transgenic plants and plant tissues containing these chimeric constructions. In one aspect, the chemically regulatable DNA sequences of the invention are derived from the 5' region of genes encoding pathogenisis-related (PR) proteins. The present invention also provides anti-pathogenic sequences derived from novel cDNAs coding for PR proteins which can be genetically engineered and transformed into plants to confer enhanced resistance to disease. Also provided is a method for the exogenous regulation of gene expression in plants, which comprises obtaining a plant incapable of regulating at least one gene or gene family, or; at least one heterologous gene, due to the deactivation of at least one endogenous signal transduction cascade which regulates the gene in the plant, and applying a chemical regulator to the plant at a time when expression of the gene is desired. A novel signal peptide sequence and corresponding DNA coding sequence is also provided. Further provided are assays for the identification and isolation of additional chemically regulatable DNA sequences and cDNAs encoding PR proteins and assays for identifying chemicals capable of exogenously regulating the chemically regulatable DNA sequences of the invention.

10. 发明申请

WO1994024295A1 EXOGENOUS REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN PLANTS 审中-公开
标题翻译：植物中基因表达的外源性调控
公开(公告)号：WO1994024295A1
公开(公告)日：1994-10-27
申请号：PCT/US1994003933
申请日：1994-04-11
申请人： CIBA-GEIGY AG , RYALS, John, A. , FRIEDRICH, Leslie, B. , WARD, Eric, R. , UKNES, Scott, J. , GAFFNEY, Thomas, D. , KESSMANN, Helmut , VERNOOIJ, Bernard
发明人： CIBA-GEIGY AG
IPC分类号： C12N15/82
CPC分类号： C12N9/0073 , C07K14/415 , C07K2319/02 , C07K2319/55 , C07K2319/61 , C12N15/8238 , C12Y114/13001
摘要： Disclosed is a method for the exogenous regulation of gene expression in plants, which comprises obtaining a plant incapable of regulating at least one gene or gene family, or at least one heterologous gene, due to the deactivation of at least one endogenous signal transduction cascade which regulates the gene in the plant, and applying a chemical regulator to the plant at a time when expression of the gene is desired. Also disclosed is a method of assaying for chemicals capable of exogenously regulating gene expression, as well as modified plants, plant tissue and plant cells incapable of regulating at least one gene, gene family or heterologous gene due to at least one deactivated signal transduction cascade, per se.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于外源调节植物中基因表达的方法，其包括获得不能调节至少一个基因或基因家族或至少一个异源基因的植物，因为至少一种内源性信号转导级联失活，调节植物中的基因，并且在需要基因表达的时候将化学调节剂施用于植物。还公开了一种测定能够外源调节基因表达的化学品的方法，以及由于至少一种失活的信号转导级联，修饰的植物，植物组织和不能调节至少一种基因，基因家族或异源基因的植物细胞，本身。

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