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1. 发明授权

US07656244B2 Discrete clock generator and timing/frequency reference 有权
标题翻译：离散时钟发生器和定时/频率参考
公开(公告)号：US07656244B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-02
申请号：US12036165
申请日：2008-02-22
申请人： Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Scott Michael Pernia , Sundus Kubba , Justin O'Day , Gordon Carichner
发明人： Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Scott Michael Pernia , Sundus Kubba , Justin O'Day , Gordon Carichner
IPC分类号： H03B5/12
CPC分类号： G06F1/04 , G06F1/08 , H03B5/06 , H03B5/1212 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1221 , H03B5/124 , H03B2201/025 , H03J1/0008 , H03J2200/10 , H03L1/00 , H03L1/02 , H03L1/022 , H03L1/025 , H03L3/00 , H03L7/08 , H03L7/0812 , H03L7/099 , H03L7/183 , H03L2207/50
摘要： In various embodiments, the invention provides a discrete clock generator and/or a timing and frequency reference using an LC-oscillator topology, having a frequency controller to control and provide a stable resonant frequency, which may then be provided to other, second circuitry such as a processor or controller. Frequency stability is provided over variations in a selected parameter such as temperature and fabrication process variations. The various apparatus embodiments include a sensor adapted to provide a signal in response to at least one parameter of a plurality of parameters; and a frequency controller adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to the second signal. In exemplary embodiments, the sensor is implemented as a current source responsive to temperature fluctuations, and the frequency controller is implemented as a plurality of controlled reactance modules which are selectively couplable to the resonator or to one or more control voltages. The controlled reactance modules may include fixed or variable capacitances or inductances, and may be binary weighted. Arrays of resistive modules are also provided, to generate one or more control voltages.
摘要翻译：在各种实施例中，本发明提供使用LC振荡器拓扑的离散时钟发生器和/或定时和频率参考，其具有频率控制器来控制和提供稳定的谐振频率，然后可以将其提供给其它第二电路，例如作为处理器或控制器。提供了频率稳定性，如选择的参数（如温度和制造工艺变化）的变化。各种装置实施例包括适于响应于多个参数的至少一个参数提供信号的传感器; 以及频率控制器，其适于响应于所述第二信号来修改所述谐振频率。在示例性实施例中，响应于温度波动将传感器实现为电流源，并且频率控制器被实现为可选择地耦合到谐振器或一个或多个控制电压的多个受控电抗模块。受控电抗模块可以包括固定或可变电容或电感，并且可以是二进制加权的。还提供了电阻模块的阵列，以产生一个或多个控制电压。

2. 发明授权

US07358826B2 Discrete clock generator and timing/frequency reference 有权
标题翻译：离散时钟发生器和定时/频率参考
公开(公告)号：US07358826B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-15
申请号：US11384973
申请日：2006-03-20
申请人： Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Scott Michael Pernia , Sundus Kubba , Justin O'Day , Gordon Carichner
发明人： Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Scott Michael Pernia , Sundus Kubba , Justin O'Day , Gordon Carichner
IPC分类号： H03B5/12
CPC分类号： G06F1/04 , G06F1/08 , H03B5/06 , H03B5/1212 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1221 , H03B5/124 , H03B2201/025 , H03J1/0008 , H03J2200/10 , H03L1/00 , H03L1/02 , H03L1/022 , H03L1/025 , H03L3/00 , H03L7/08 , H03L7/0812 , H03L7/099 , H03L7/183 , H03L2207/50
摘要： In various embodiments, the invention provides a discrete clock generator and/or a timing and frequency reference using an LC-oscillator topology, having a frequency controller to control and provide a stable resonant frequency, which may then be provided to other, second circuitry such as a processor or controller. Frequency stability is provided over variations in a selected parameter such as temperature and fabrication process variations. The various apparatus embodiments include a sensor adapted to provide a signal in response to at least one parameter of a plurality of parameters; and a frequency controller adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to the second signal. In exemplary embodiments, the sensor is implemented as a current source responsive to temperature fluctuations, and the frequency controller is implemented as a plurality of controlled reactance modules which are selectively couplable to the resonator or to one or more control voltages. The controlled reactance modules may include fixed or variable capacitances or inductances, and may be binary weighted. Arrays of resistive modules are also provided, to generate one or more control voltages.
摘要翻译：在各种实施例中，本发明提供使用LC振荡器拓扑的离散时钟发生器和/或定时和频率参考，其具有频率控制器来控制和提供稳定的谐振频率，然后可以将其提供给其它第二电路，例如作为处理器或控制器。提供了频率稳定性，如选择的参数（如温度和制造工艺变化）的变化。各种装置实施例包括适于响应于多个参数的至少一个参数提供信号的传感器; 以及频率控制器，其适于响应于所述第二信号来修改所述谐振频率。在示例性实施例中，响应于温度波动将传感器实现为电流源，并且频率控制器被实现为可选择地耦合到谐振器或一个或多个控制电压的多个受控电抗模块。受控电抗模块可以包括固定或可变电容或电感，并且可以是二进制加权的。还提供了电阻模块的阵列，以产生一个或多个控制电压。

3. 发明授权

US07978017B2 Control voltage generator for a clock, frequency reference, and other reference signal generator 有权
标题翻译：用于时钟，频率参考和其他参考信号发生器的控制电压发生器
公开(公告)号：US07978017B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-12
申请号：US12013438
申请日：2008-01-12
申请人： Scott Michael Pernia , Nam Duc Nguyen , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Justin O'Day , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
发明人： Scott Michael Pernia , Nam Duc Nguyen , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Justin O'Day , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
IPC分类号： H03B5/08
CPC分类号： H03K3/011 , H03B5/04 , H03L1/00 , H03L1/026 , H03L5/00 , H03L7/00
摘要： Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a reference signal generator, system and method. An exemplary apparatus to generate a harmonic reference signal includes a reference resonator, such as an LC-tank, a control voltage generator adapted to provide a temperature-dependent control voltage; and a plurality of variable reactance modules. The reference resonator generates a first reference signal having a resonant frequency, and each reactance module is adapted to modify a corresponding reactance in response to the control voltage to maintain the resonant frequency substantially constant or within a predetermined variance over a predetermined temperature range. A frequency controller may also be included to maintain substantially constant a magnitude of a peak amplitude of the first reference signal and maintains substantially constant a common mode voltage level of the reference resonator.
摘要翻译：本发明的示例性实施例提供了一种参考信号发生器，系统和方法。产生谐波参考信号的示例性装置包括参考谐振器，例如LC槽，适于提供温度依赖控制电压的控制电压发生器; 以及多个可变电抗模块。参考谐振器产生具有谐振频率的第一参考信号，并且每个电抗模块适于响应于控制电压修改相应的电抗，以使谐振频率基本上恒定或在预定的温度范围内的预定方差内。还可以包括频率控制器以保持第一参考信号的峰值幅度的幅度基本上恒定，并且保持参考谐振器的共模电压电平基本恒定。

4. 发明授权

US07656245B2 Integrated clock generator and timing/frequency reference 有权
标题翻译：集成时钟发生器和定时/频率参考
公开(公告)号：US07656245B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-02
申请号：US12036185
申请日：2008-02-22
申请人： Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Scott Michael Pernia , Sundus Kubba , Justin O'Day , Gordon Carichner
发明人： Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Scott Michael Pernia , Sundus Kubba , Justin O'Day , Gordon Carichner
IPC分类号： H03B5/12
CPC分类号： G06F1/04 , G06F1/08 , H03B5/06 , H03B5/1203 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1218 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/1253 , H03B5/1256 , H03B5/1265 , H03B2201/025 , H03J1/0008 , H03J2200/10 , H03L1/022 , H03L3/00 , H03L7/08 , H03L7/0812 , H03L7/0891 , H03L7/099
摘要： In various embodiments, the invention provides a clock generator and/or a timing and frequency reference using an LC-oscillator topology, having a frequency controller to control and provide a stable resonant frequency, which is integrated with other, second circuitry such as a processor or controller. Frequency stability is provided over variations in a selected parameter such as temperature and fabrication process variations. The various apparatus embodiments include a sensor adapted to provide a signal in response to at least one parameter of a plurality of parameters; and a frequency controller adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to the second signal. In exemplary embodiments, the sensor is implemented as a current source responsive to temperature fluctuations, and the frequency controller is implemented as a plurality of controlled reactance modules which are selectively couplable to the resonator or to one or more control voltages. The controlled reactance modules may include fixed or variable capacitances or inductances, and may be binary weighted. Arrays of resistive modules are also provided, to generate one or more control voltages.
摘要翻译：在各种实施例中，本发明提供使用LC振荡器拓扑的时钟发生器和/或定时和频率参考，其具有频率控制器以控制和提供稳定的谐振频率，其与其它第二电路（例如处理器或控制器。提供了频率稳定性，如选择的参数（如温度和制造工艺变化）的变化。各种装置实施例包括适于响应于多个参数的至少一个参数提供信号的传感器; 以及频率控制器，其适于响应于所述第二信号来修改所述谐振频率。在示例性实施例中，响应于温度波动将传感器实现为电流源，并且频率控制器被实现为可选择地耦合到谐振器或一个或多个控制电压的多个受控电抗模块。受控电抗模块可以包括固定或可变电容或电感，并且可以是二进制加权的。还提供了电阻模块的阵列，以产生一个或多个控制电压。

5. 发明申请

US20060152293A1 Integrated clock generator and timing/frequency reference 有权
标题翻译：集成时钟发生器和定时/频率参考
公开(公告)号：US20060152293A1
公开(公告)日：2006-07-13
申请号：US11384758
申请日：2006-03-20
申请人： Michael McCorquodale , Scott Pernia , Sundus Kubba , Justin O'Day , Gordon Carichner
发明人： Michael McCorquodale , Scott Pernia , Sundus Kubba , Justin O'Day , Gordon Carichner
IPC分类号： H03B1/00
CPC分类号： G06F1/04 , G06F1/08 , H03B5/06 , H03B5/1203 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1218 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/1253 , H03B5/1256 , H03B5/1265 , H03B2201/025 , H03J1/0008 , H03J2200/10 , H03L1/022 , H03L3/00 , H03L7/08 , H03L7/0812 , H03L7/0891 , H03L7/099
摘要： In various embodiments, the invention provides a clock generator and/or a timing and frequency reference using an LC-oscillator topology, having a frequency controller to control and provide a stable resonant frequency, which is integrated with other, second circuitry such as a processor or controller. Frequency stability is provided over variations in a selected parameter such as temperature and fabrication process variations. The various apparatus embodiments include a sensor adapted to provide a signal in response to at least one parameter of a plurality of parameters; and a frequency controller adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to the second signal. In exemplary embodiments, the sensor is implemented as a current source responsive to temperature fluctuations, and the frequency controller is implemented as a plurality of controlled reactance modules which are selectively couplable to the resonator or to one or more control voltages. The controlled reactance modules may include fixed or variable capacitances or inductances, and may be binary weighted. Arrays of resistive modules are also provided, to generate one or more control voltages.
摘要翻译：在各种实施例中，本发明提供使用LC振荡器拓扑的时钟发生器和/或定时和频率参考，其具有频率控制器以控制和提供稳定的谐振频率，其与其它第二电路（例如处理器或控制器。提供了频率稳定性，如选择的参数（如温度和制造工艺变化）的变化。各种装置实施例包括适于响应于多个参数的至少一个参数提供信号的传感器; 以及频率控制器，其适于响应于所述第二信号来修改所述谐振频率。在示例性实施例中，响应于温度波动将传感器实现为电流源，并且频率控制器被实现为可选择地耦合到谐振器或一个或多个控制电压的多个受控电抗模块。受控电抗模块可以包括固定或可变电容或电感，并且可以是二进制加权的。还提供了电阻模块的阵列，以产生一个或多个控制电压。

6. 发明授权

US08164159B1 Semiconductor resonators with electromagnetic and environmental shielding and methods of forming same 有权
标题翻译：具有电磁和环境屏蔽的半导体谐振器及其形成方法
公开(公告)号：US08164159B1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-24
申请号：US12838158
申请日：2010-07-16
申请人： William Eddie Armstrong , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Vidyabhusan Gupta , Justin O'Day , Nader Fayyaz , Gordon Carichner
发明人： William Eddie Armstrong , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Vidyabhusan Gupta , Justin O'Day , Nader Fayyaz , Gordon Carichner
IPC分类号： H01L29/86
CPC分类号： H03B5/1228 , H01L29/0619 , H01L29/86 , H01L2224/48463 , H01L2224/73265 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1234 , H03B5/124
摘要： A reference signal generator includes an integrated circuit substrate having a semiconductor resonator therein. The resonator includes an inductor extending adjacent a first surface of the integrated circuit substrate. A vertically-stacked composite of at least first and second electrically insulating dielectric layers is provided on the integrated circuit substrate. The vertically-stacked composite covers a portion of the first surface, which extends opposite the inductor. A first electrically conductive shielding layer is provided on a portion of the second electrically insulating dielectric layer extending opposite the inductor. The first electrically conductive shielding layer may encapsulate exposed portions of the first and second electrically insulating dielectric layers. The shielding layer may operate as an electromagnetic shield between the inductor and an external structure, such as an integrated circuit package, and also shield against environmental contamination (e.g., external moisture penetration).
摘要翻译：参考信号发生器包括其中具有半导体谐振器的集成电路基板。谐振器包括在集成电路基板的第一表面附近延伸的电感器。在集成电路基板上设置有至少第一和第二电绝缘介电层的垂直堆叠的复合材料。垂直堆叠的复合物覆盖与电感器相对延伸的第一表面的一部分。在与电感器相对延伸的第二电绝缘介电层的一部分上设置有第一导电屏蔽层。第一导电屏蔽层可以封装第一和第二电绝缘介电层的暴露部分。屏蔽层可以作为电感器和诸如集成电路封装的外部结构之间的电磁屏蔽来操作，并且还可以防止环境污染（例如，外部湿气穿透）。

7. 发明申请

US20090146751A1 Clock, Frequency Reference, and Other Reference Signal Generator 审中-公开
标题翻译：时钟，频率参考和其他参考信号发生器
公开(公告)号：US20090146751A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-11
申请号：US11950707
申请日：2007-12-05
申请人： Scott Michael Pernia , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Nam Duc Nguyen , Justin O'Day , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
发明人： Scott Michael Pernia , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Nam Duc Nguyen , Justin O'Day , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
IPC分类号： H03B5/12 , H03L1/00
CPC分类号： H03L7/08 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/1243 , H03B5/1293 , H03L1/02 , H03L5/00
摘要： Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a reference signal generator, system and method. An exemplary apparatus to generate a harmonic reference signal includes a reference resonator, such as an LC-tank, and a frequency controller. The reference resonator generates a first reference signal having a resonant frequency, and the frequency controller maintains substantially constant a magnitude of a peak amplitude of the first reference signal and maintains substantially constant a common mode voltage level of the reference resonator. A temperature-dependent control voltage is also generated and utilized to maintain the resonant frequency substantially constant or within a predetermined variance of a calibrated or selected frequency.
摘要翻译：本发明的示例性实施例提供了一种参考信号发生器，系统和方法。用于产生谐波参考信号的示例性装置包括参考谐振器，例如LC槽和频率控制器。参考谐振器产生具有谐振频率的第一参考信号，并且频率控制器维持第一参考信号的峰值幅度的幅度基本上恒定，并且保持参考谐振器的共模电压电平基本恒定。还产生温度依赖性控制电压并用于维持谐振频率基本上恒定或在校准或选定频率的预定变化范围内。

8. 发明申请

US20090146719A1 Control Voltage Generator for a Clock, Frequency Reference, and Other Reference Signal Generator 有权
标题翻译：用于时钟，频率参考和其他参考信号发生器的控制电压发生器
公开(公告)号：US20090146719A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-11
申请号：US12013438
申请日：2008-01-12
申请人： Scott Michael Pernia , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Nam Duc Nguyen , Justin O'Day , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
发明人： Scott Michael Pernia , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Nam Duc Nguyen , Justin O'Day , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
IPC分类号： H03K3/00 , H03L1/00
CPC分类号： H03K3/011 , H03B5/04 , H03L1/00 , H03L1/026 , H03L5/00 , H03L7/00
摘要： Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a reference signal generator, system and method. An exemplary apparatus to generate a harmonic reference signal includes a reference resonator, such as an LC-tank, a control voltage generator adapted to provide a temperature-dependent control voltage; and a plurality of variable reactance modules. The reference resonator generates a first reference signal having a resonant frequency, and each reactance module is adapted to modify a corresponding reactance in response to the control voltage to maintain the resonant frequency substantially constant or within a predetermined variance over a predetermined temperature range. A frequency controller may also be included to maintain substantially constant a magnitude of a peak amplitude of the first reference signal and maintains substantially constant a common mode voltage level of the reference resonator.
摘要翻译：本发明的示例性实施例提供了一种参考信号发生器，系统和方法。产生谐波参考信号的示例性装置包括参考谐振器，例如LC槽，适于提供温度依赖控制电压的控制电压发生器; 以及多个可变电抗模块。参考谐振器产生具有谐振频率的第一参考信号，并且每个电抗模块适于响应于控制电压修改相应的电抗，以使谐振频率基本上恒定或在预定的温度范围内的预定方差内。还可以包括频率控制器以保持第一参考信号的峰值幅度的幅度基本上恒定，并且保持参考谐振器的共模电压电平基本恒定。

9. 发明申请

US20070222528A1 Multi-terminal harmonic oscillator integrated circuit with frequency calibration and frequency configuration 有权
标题翻译：多端谐波振荡器集成电路，具有频率校准和频率配置
公开(公告)号：US20070222528A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-27
申请号：US11805368
申请日：2007-05-23
申请人： Scott Pernia , Michael McCorquodale , Sundus Kubba , Justin O'Day , Gordon Carichner , Eric Marsman
发明人： Scott Pernia , Michael McCorquodale , Sundus Kubba , Justin O'Day , Gordon Carichner , Eric Marsman
IPC分类号： G01R23/00
CPC分类号： H03L1/022 , H03B5/1212 , H03B5/1221 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/124 , H03B2200/0038 , H03B2201/025 , H03J2200/10 , H03L1/023 , H03L7/089
摘要： Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a reference harmonic oscillator integrated circuit having three or more terminals, with systems and methods for calibrating the harmonic oscillator to a selected first frequency using a limited number of terminals. An exemplary apparatus comprises: a reference harmonic oscillator, a first terminal to receive a supply voltage, a second terminal to receive a ground potential, a third terminal to provide an output signal having an output frequency, and may also include a fourth terminal. One of the first, second, third or fourth terminals is further adapted for input of a calibration of the first frequency. The exemplary apparatus may enter calibration and testing modes in response to various commands such as a calibration mode signal, and may also be configured through one of the terminals for output frequency selection, spread-spectrum output, and output voltage levels.
摘要翻译：本发明的示例性实施例提供了具有三个或更多个端子的参考谐波振荡器集成电路，其具有使用有限数量的端子将谐波振荡器校准为所选择的第一频率的系统和方法。示例性装置包括：参考谐波振荡器，用于接收电源电压的第一端子，用于接收地电位的第二端子，第三端子以提供具有输出频率的输出信号，并且还可以包括第四端子。第一，第二，第三或第四端子中的一个进一步适于输入第一频率的校准。示例性装置可以响应于诸如校准模式信号的各种命令而进入校准和测试模式，并且还可以通过用于输出频率选择，扩频输出和输出电压电平的一个端子进行配置。

10. 发明申请

US20090146752A1 Clock, Frequency Reference, and Other Reference Signal Generator with a Controlled Quality Factor 有权
标题翻译：时钟，频率参考和其他具有受控质量因子的参考信号发生器
公开(公告)号：US20090146752A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-11
申请号：US12013440
申请日：2008-01-12
申请人： Justin O'Day , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Scott Michael Pernia , Nam Duc Nguyen , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
发明人： Justin O'Day , Michael Shannon McCorquodale , Scott Michael Pernia , Nam Duc Nguyen , Ralph Beaudouin , Sundus Kubba
IPC分类号： H03B5/04 , H03L1/00
CPC分类号： H03L5/00 , H03B5/1215 , H03B5/1228 , H03B5/1243 , H03B5/1253 , H03B5/1265 , H03B5/1287 , H03B5/1293 , H03L1/02 , H03L7/08
摘要： Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a reference signal generator having a controlled quality (“Q”) factor. An exemplary apparatus to generate a harmonic reference signal includes a reference resonator, such as an LC-tank, which generates a first reference signal having a resonant frequency, and a plurality of reactance modules couplable to the reference resonator. Each reactance module comprises one or more reactance unit cells, and each reactance unit cell comprises a reactance element coupled in series to a switching element. In exemplary embodiments, the reactance element is a capacitor having a predetermined unit of capacitance, and the switching element is a transistor having a predetermined resistance when in an off state. The ratio of capacitance to resistance is substantially constant for all reactance modules of the plurality of reactance modules.
摘要翻译：本发明的示例性实施例提供具有受控质量（“Q”）因子的参考信号发生器。产生谐波参考信号的示例性装置包括产生具有共振频率的第一参考信号的参考谐振器，例如LC槽，以及可耦合到参考谐振器的多个电抗模块。每个电抗模块包括一个或多个电抗单位电池，并且每个电抗单元包括与开关元件串联耦合的电抗元件。在示例性实施例中，电抗元件是具有预定电容单位的电容器，并且当处于断开状态时，开关元件是具有预定电阻的晶体管。对于多个电抗模块的所有电抗模块，电容与电阻的比率基本上是恒定的。

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