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81. 发明授权

US5298090A Atmospheres for heat treating non-ferrous metals and alloys 失效
标题翻译：用于热处理有色金属和合金的气氛
公开(公告)号：US5298090A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-29
申请号：US995617
申请日：1992-12-22
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger , Kerry R. Berger
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger , Kerry R. Berger
IPC分类号： C21D1/76 , F27D7/06 , F27D23/00 , C21D1/00
CPC分类号： F27D7/06 , C21D1/763
摘要： A process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing, brazing, and sintering non-ferrous metals and alloys from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5%, residual oxygen is disclosed. According to the process, suitable atmospheres are produced by 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen stream containing residual oxygen to a desired temperature, 2) mixing it with more than a stoichiometric amount a hydrocarbon gas, 3) passing it through a reactor packed with a platinum group of metal catalyst to reduce the residual oxygen to very low levels and convert it to a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, and 4) using the reactor effluent stream for annealing, brazing, and sintering non-ferrous metals and alloys in a furnace. The key features of the disclosed process include 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing residual oxygen to a certain minimum temperature, 2) adding more than a stoichiometric amount of a hydrocarbon gas to the pre-heated nitrogen stream, and 3) using a platinum group of metal catalyst to initiate and sustain the reaction between oxygen and the hydrocarbon gas.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于生产低成本气氛的方法，该方法适用于从含低至5％残留氧的非低温法生产的氮中退火，钎焊和烧结有色金属和合金。根据该方法，通过以下方式产生合适的气氛：1）将含有残余氧气的非低温生成氮气流预热至所需温度，2）将其与多于化学计量的烃气体混合，3）将其通过反应器用铂族金属催化剂填充，将残余氧气降低至非常低的水平，并将其转化为水分和二氧化碳的混合物，以及4）使用反应器流出物流进行退火，钎焊和烧结有色金属，合金在炉中。所公开的方法的主要特征包括：1）将非低温法生产的含氮残留氧预加热到一定的最低温度; 2）向预热的氮气流中加入多于化学计量的烃类气体; 3））使用铂族金属催化剂引发和维持氧气和烃气体之间的反应。

82. 发明授权

US5284526A Integrated process for producing atmospheres suitable for heat treating from non-cryogenically generated nitrogen 失效
标题翻译：用于生产适合于从非低温生成的氮进行热处理的气氛的综合方法
公开(公告)号：US5284526A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-08
申请号：US995625
申请日：1992-12-22
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger
IPC分类号： B01D53/46 , B01D53/86 , C21D1/76 , F27B9/04 , F27D19/00 , C21D11/00 , F27D23/00
CPC分类号： F27D19/00 , B01D53/46 , B01D53/8671 , C21D1/763 , F27B9/045
摘要： An integrated two-step process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals, sealing glass to metals, and sintering metal and ceramic powders in continuous furnaces from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 3% residual oxygen is disclosed. The residual oxygen present in non-cryogenically produced nitrogen is converted to moisture by mixing it hydrogen and passing the mixture through a reactor packed with a platinum group catalyst in the first step of the process. The reactor effluent stream containing a mixture of nitrogen, unreacted hydrogen, and moisture is mixed with a predetermined amount of a hydrocarbon gas and introduced into the heating zone of a continuous furnace in the second step of the process to 1) convert moisture to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen by reaction with the hydrocarbon gas via water gas shift reaction and 2) produce atmospheres in-situ suitable for heat treating. The key features of the process include 1) use of economical amount of hydrogen to convert residual oxygen to moisture in an external catalytic reactor and 2) conversion of moisture to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen by reaction with the hydrocarbon gas via water gas shift reaction in the hot zone of a continuous furnace. The disclosed process is particularly suitable for producing low-cost heat treating atmospheres for continuous furnaces operated at 700.degree. C. and above.
摘要翻译：一种用于生产低成本气氛的综合两步法，适用于退火黑色金属和有色金属及合金，钎焊金属，密封玻璃与金属，以及烧结金属和陶瓷粉末的连续炉，由非低温法生产的氮气公开了3％的残余氧。存在于非低温法生产的氮气中的残留氧气通过在其第一步骤中混合氢气并使混合物通过填充有铂族催化剂的反应器而转化为水分。将含有氮气，未反应的氢气和水分的混合物的反应器流出物流与预定量的烃气体混合并在该方法的第二步骤中引入连续炉的加热区域，以将水分转化为混合物的一氧化碳和氢气，通过水煤气变换反应与烃气反应，2）原位产生适合于热处理的气氛。该方法的主要特征包括：1）使用经济数量的氢气将外部催化反应器中的残余氧转化为水分; 2）通过水煤气转移与碳氢化合物气体反应，将水分转化为一氧化碳和氢气的混合物在连续炉的热区反应。所公开的方法特别适用于在700摄氏度及以上的连续炉中生产低成本的热处理环境。

83. 发明授权

US5262202A Heat treated chemically vapor deposited products and treatment method 失效
标题翻译：热处理化学气相沉积产物及处理方法
公开(公告)号：US5262202A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-16
申请号：US370412
申请日：1989-06-20
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Paul N. Dyer , Duane Dimos
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Paul N. Dyer , Duane Dimos
IPC分类号： C23C16/56 , C23C16/00
CPC分类号： C23C16/56
摘要： A method for heat treating a coated substrate is described wherein the outer coating on the substrate is comprised of a chemically vapor deposited mixture of tungsten and tungsten carbide. The coated substrate is heated to the deposition temperature or not substantially above the deposition temperature in a non-reactive atmosphere. The heat treating temperature is sufficient to confer a desired improvement in erosive and abrasive wear resistance in the outer coating but does not result in substantial degradation of the mechanical properties of the substrate or in formation of undesirable inter-metallic layers.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于热处理涂覆的基底的方法，其中基底上的外涂层由钨和碳化钨的化学气相沉积混合物组成。将涂覆的基底在非反应性气氛中加热至沉积温度或基本上不超过沉积温度。热处理温度足以在外涂层中赋予腐蚀性和耐磨损性的所需改善，但不会导致基材的机械性能的显着降解或形成不期望的金属间层。

84. 发明授权

US5126206A Diamond-on-a-substrate for electronic applications 失效
标题翻译：用于电子应用的DIAMOND-ON-A-SUBSTRATE
公开(公告)号：US5126206A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-30
申请号：US578637
申请日：1990-09-06
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Wilman Tsai , Robert L. Iampietro , Fred M. Kimock , Paul N. Dyer
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Wilman Tsai , Robert L. Iampietro , Fred M. Kimock , Paul N. Dyer
IPC分类号： B32B9/00 , B32B15/04 , C04B41/85 , C23C16/26 , C23C16/27 , C30B25/10 , H01L21/205 , H01L23/14
CPC分类号： C23C16/279 , C23C16/271 , C30B25/105 , Y10T428/26 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： A coated substrate product is disclosed which comprises a substrate and a polycrystalline diamond layer having a smooth surface finish, enhanced crystal orientation in comparison to industrial grade diamond powder particularly in the (220) and (400) directions, and excellent electrical and thermal properties. Also disclosed is a method for fabricating such a coated substrate in which the polycrystalline diamond layer is chemically vapor deposited onto the substrate at substrate temperatures in the range of 650.degree. to 825.degree. C.
摘要翻译：公开了涂覆的基底产品，其包括具有光滑表面光洁度的基底和多晶金刚石层，与工业级金刚石粉末相比，特别是（220）和（400）方向，具有优异的电气和热性能。还公开了一种用于制造这种涂覆基底的方法，其中多晶金刚石层在基底温度为650至825℃的范围内化学气相沉积到基底上。

85. 发明授权

US5024901A Method for depositing highly erosive and abrasive wear resistant composite coating system on a substrate 失效
标题翻译：在基材上沉积高侵蚀性和磨蚀性耐磨复合涂层体系的方法
公开(公告)号：US5024901A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-18
申请号：US346774
申请日：1989-05-03
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Paul N. Dyer , Leslie E. Schaffer , Ernest L. Wrecsics , Duane Dimos , Carl F. Mueller
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Paul N. Dyer , Leslie E. Schaffer , Ernest L. Wrecsics , Duane Dimos , Carl F. Mueller
IPC分类号： C23C16/14 , C23C16/30 , C23C28/00
CPC分类号： C23C16/30 , C23C16/14 , C23C28/00 , Y10T428/12576 , Y10T428/12583 , Y10T428/1284 , Y10T428/12944
摘要： The method for producing the disclosed material comprises chemical vapor depositing on the substrate a substantially columnar, intermediate layer of tungsten and chemical vapor depositing on the intermediate layer a non-columnar, substantially lamellar outer layer of a mixture of tungsten and tungsten carbide. The tungsten carbide comprises W.sub.2 C, W.sub.3 C, or a mixture of both wherein the ratio of the thickness of the tungsten intermediate layer to the thickness of the outer layer is at least: (a) 0.35 in the case of tungsten plus W.sub.2 C in the outer layer, (b) 0.6 in the case of a mixture of tungsten and W.sub.3 C in the outer layer and (c) 0.35 in the case of mixtures of tungsten and W.sub.2 C and W.sub.3 C in the outer layer. The chemical vapor deposition steps are carried out at pressures within the range of 1 Torr to 1,000 Torr and temperatures within the range of about 300.degree. to about 650.degree. C.
摘要翻译：用于生产所公开的材料的方法包括在基底上化学气相沉积基本上柱状的钨中间层和在中间层上沉积钨和碳化钨混合物的非圆柱形，基本上层状的外层的化学气相。碳化钨包括W2C，W3C或两者的混合物，其中钨中间层的厚度与外层的厚度的比至少为：（a）在外加层中钨加W2C的情况下为0.35 ，（b）在外层为钨和W3C的混合物的情况下为0.6，（c）在外层为钨和W2C和W3C的混合物的情况下为0.35。化学气相沉积步骤在1乇至1000乇范围内的压力和约300至约650℃范围内的温度下进行。

86. 发明授权

US4902535A Method for depositing hard coatings on titanium or titanium alloys 失效
标题翻译：在钛或钛合金上沉积硬涂层的方法
公开(公告)号：US4902535A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-20
申请号：US139891
申请日：1987-12-31
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Carl F. Mueller , Leslie E. Schaffer , Paul N. Dyer
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Carl F. Mueller , Leslie E. Schaffer , Paul N. Dyer
IPC分类号： C23C14/02 , C23C14/06 , C23C14/58 , C23C16/02 , C23C16/27 , C23C16/30 , C23C28/00
CPC分类号： C23C28/00 , C23C16/0281 , Y10S427/103
摘要： The invention discloses a coated substrate product comprises of a titanium or titanium alloy substrate, at least one thin interlayer composed of a non-reactive noble metal and a hard outer coating selected from the group comprised of a ceramic, hard metal, a hard metal compound and a diamond-like carbon, wherein at least the non-reactive noble metal interlayer which is immediately adjacent to the titanium or titanium alloy substrate is deposited onto the substrate by means of an electroless plating procedure, and the hard outer coating is deposited onto the non-reactive interlayer(s) by means of known chemical and physical vapor deposition techniques. The invention also discloses a method for making these coated substrate products.The method includes the steps of treating the substrate with a mild abrasive to remove oxides from the surface of the substrate, depositing thin non-reactive noble metal interlayers onto the substrate by means of an electroless plating technique, heat treating the noble metal coated substrate to a temperature in the range of about 200.degree. to about 300.degree. C. in the presence of air or a temperature in the range of about 200.degree. to about 475.degree. C. in the presence of an inert gas, and depositing a hard outer coating.

87. 发明授权

US4606809A Hydroconversion of heavy oils 失效
标题翻译：重油加氢转化
公开(公告)号：US4606809A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-19
申请号：US750623
申请日：1985-07-01
申请人： Diwakar Garg
发明人： Diwakar Garg
IPC分类号： C10G65/10
CPC分类号： C10G65/10
摘要： High yields of desired distillate oil are obtained by subjecting heavy oil to catalytic conversion with hydrogen at superatmospheric pressure in a temperature staged process, wherein the oil-catalyst slurry is subjected in the initial stage to a temperature in the range of 780.degree.-825.degree. F. (415.degree.-440.degree. C.) and in a subsequent stage to a temperature which is at least 20.degree. F. higher than that employed in the previous stage, preferably in the range of 800.degree.-860.degree. F. (.about.425.degree.-460.degree. C.).
摘要翻译：所需的馏出油的高产率是通过在温度分级方法中使重油与氢气在超大气压下进行催化转化而获得的，其中油催化剂浆料在初始阶段进行到780-825℃的温度（415°-440℃），并在随后的阶段中升温至比上一级高至少20°F的温度，优选在800°-860°F的范围内。（差异 425°-460℃）。

88. 发明授权

US08663596B2 Reactor, a structure packing, and a method for improving oxidation of hydrogen sulfide or polysulfides in liquid sulfur 有权
标题翻译：反应器，结构填料和改善液硫中硫化氢或多硫化物氧化的方法
公开(公告)号：US08663596B2
公开(公告)日：2014-03-04
申请号：US12692978
申请日：2010-01-25
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Xianming Jimmy Li , Uday Navin Parekh , Jung Soo Choe , Elmo Nasato
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Xianming Jimmy Li , Uday Navin Parekh , Jung Soo Choe , Elmo Nasato
IPC分类号： C01B17/027 , B01J8/02
CPC分类号： C01B17/027 , B01J19/32 , B01J2219/3221 , B01J2219/32227 , B01J2219/32408 , B01J2219/32425 , B01J2219/32466 , C01B17/0232
摘要： Disclosed is a reactor, a structured packing, and a method for increasing the rate of decomposition of polysulfides and oxidation of polysulfides and hydrogen sulfide in liquid sulfur. The reactor, the structured packing, and the method involve a structured packing for contacting a first stream and a second stream in a reactor including a catalyst. The catalyst increases the rate of decomposition of polysulfides and oxidation of polysulfides and hydrogen sulfide in the liquid sulfur of the first stream with the second stream. The first stream includes liquid sulfur containing polysulfides and dissolved hydrogen sulfide. The second stream includes an oxygen-containing gas.
摘要翻译：公开了一种反应器，规整填料，以及提高多硫化物分解速率和硫化氢和硫化氢在液态硫中氧化的方法。反应器，规整填料和该方法涉及用于在包括催化剂的反应器中使第一流和第二流接触的规整填料。催化剂使第二流中多硫化物的分解速率和第一流的液硫中多硫化物和硫化氢的氧化速率增加。第一流包括含硫的多硫化物和溶解的硫化氢。第二流包括含氧气体。

89. 发明申请

US20120148479A1 Reactor, a Retained Catalyst Structure, and a Method for Improving Decomposition of Polysulfides and Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide in Liquid Sulfur 有权
标题翻译：反应器，保留催化剂结构和改进多硫化物分解和除去硫化氢的方法
公开(公告)号：US20120148479A1
公开(公告)日：2012-06-14
申请号：US12962712
申请日：2010-12-08
申请人： Uday Navin Parekh , Stephen Neal Fenderson , Diwakar Garg , Guglielmo Nasato
发明人： Uday Navin Parekh , Stephen Neal Fenderson , Diwakar Garg , Guglielmo Nasato
IPC分类号： C01B17/02 , C01F7/02 , B01J21/08 , B01D53/52 , B01J21/04 , B01J21/06 , B01J21/02 , C01G23/047 , B01J21/12
CPC分类号： C01B17/0232 , B01J4/004 , B01J19/32 , B01J21/04 , B01J21/063 , B01J23/02 , B01J23/745 , B01J37/0225 , B01J2219/00182 , B01J2219/3221 , B01J2219/3222 , B01J2219/32237 , B01J2219/32262 , B01J2219/32408 , B01J2219/32466
摘要： Disclosed is a reactor, a retained catalyst structure, and a method for increasing the rate of decomposition of polysulfides and removal of hydrogen sulfide in liquid sulfur. The reactor, the retained catalyst structure, and the method include a retained catalyst structure arranged and disposed for contacting a first stream and a second stream in a reactor including a catalyst. The catalyst increases the rate of decomposition of polysulfides and facilitates the removal of hydrogen sulfide in the liquid sulfur of the first stream with the second stream. The first stream includes liquid sulfur containing polysulfides and dissolved hydrogen sulfide. The second stream includes an inert gas or a low oxygen-containing gas.
摘要翻译：公开了一种反应器，保留的催化剂结构以及用于提高多硫化物分解速率和除去液硫中硫化氢的方法。反应器，保留的催化剂结构和方法包括保留的催化剂结构，其布置和设置用于使第一料流和第二料流在包括催化剂的反应器中接触。催化剂增加了多硫化物的分解速率，并促进了第二流中第一流液体硫中硫化氢的去除。第一流包括含硫的多硫化物和溶解的硫化氢。第二流包括惰性气体或低含氧气体。

90. 发明授权

US08197914B2 Method for depositing zinc oxide at low temperatures and products formed thereby 有权
标题翻译：低温沉积氧化锌的方法及由此形成的产品
公开(公告)号：US08197914B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-12
申请号：US11284193
申请日：2005-11-21
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Philip Bruce Henderson , Daniel Joseph Tempel , Thomas N. Jackson , Jie Sun
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Philip Bruce Henderson , Daniel Joseph Tempel , Thomas N. Jackson , Jie Sun
IPC分类号： H05H1/24
CPC分类号： C03C17/245 , C03C2217/216 , C03C2217/24 , C03C2217/241 , C03C2218/153 , C23C16/407
摘要： The present invention discloses plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process for depositing n-type and p-type zinc oxide-based transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) at low temperatures with excellent optical and electrical properties on glass and temperature sensitive materials such as plastics and polymers. Specifically, it discloses PECVD process for depositing n-type ZnO by doping it with B or F and p-type ZnO by doping it with nitrogen excellent optical and electrical properties on glass and temperature sensitive materials such as plastics and polymers for TCO application. The process utilizes a mixture of volatile zinc compound, argon and/or helium as a diluent gas, carbon dioxide as an oxidant, and a dopant or reactant to deposit the desired ZnO-based TCOs.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种用于在低温下沉积n型和p型氧化锌基透明导电氧化物（TCO）的等离子体增强化学气相沉积（PECVD）工艺，在玻璃和温度敏感材料如塑料上具有优异的光学和电学性能和聚合物。具体地说，它公开了用于通过用B或F和p型ZnO掺杂以将氮掺杂在玻璃上的优异的光学和电学性质以及用于TCO应用的诸如塑料和聚合物的温度敏感材料来沉积n型ZnO的PECVD工艺。该方法利用挥发性锌化合物，氩和/或氦气作为稀释气体，二氧化碳作为氧化剂和掺杂剂或反应物的混合物以沉积所需的ZnO基TCO。

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