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1. 发明授权

US07824655B2 Regeneration of complex metal oxides for the production of hydrogen 有权
标题翻译：用于生产氢气的复合金属氧化物的再生
公开(公告)号：US07824655B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-02
申请号：US11339060
申请日：2006-01-25
申请人： Terry Lee Slager , Diwakar Garg , Xiang-Dong Peng , Bryan Clair Hoke, Jr.
发明人： Terry Lee Slager , Diwakar Garg , Xiang-Dong Peng , Bryan Clair Hoke, Jr.
IPC分类号： C01B3/24 , C01B3/26
CPC分类号： C01B3/38 , C01B3/46 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0425 , C01B2203/0475 , Y02P20/52
摘要： In a process for producing a hydrogen-containing gas, a hydrocarbon feed gas and steam are introduced into a reaction vessel containing a complex metal oxide and steam-hydrocarbon reforming catalyst thereby forming a combustible gas mixture comprising hydrogen. A regeneration gas comprising greater than 0.1 volume % oxygen up to and including 2 volume % oxygen is introduced into the reaction vessel to displace at least a portion of the combustible gas mixture from the reaction vessel. Subsequently, additional regeneration gases may be introduced into the reaction vessel. Numerous means for providing various regeneration gases are presented.
摘要翻译：在制造含氢气体的方法中，将烃进料气体和蒸汽引入含有复合金属氧化物和蒸汽 - 烃重整催化剂的反应容器中，从而形成包含氢气的可燃气体混合物。将包括大于0.1体积％氧气的再生气体引入反应容器中以将至少一部分可燃气体混合物从反应容器中置换。随后，可以向反应容器中引入另外的再生气体。提出了许多用于提供各种再生气体的方法。

2. 发明申请

US20100196259A1 CO2-Sorptive Pellets and Uses Thereof 审中-公开
标题翻译：二氧化碳吸附颗粒及其用途
公开(公告)号：US20100196259A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-05
申请号：US12630388
申请日：2009-12-03
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Frederick Carl Wilhelm
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Frederick Carl Wilhelm
IPC分类号： B01J20/02 , B01D53/02 , C01B3/26 , B01J8/00 , B01J20/08 , B01J20/04
CPC分类号： B01D53/02 , B01D53/62 , B01D2251/404 , B01D2253/112 , B01D2253/304 , B01D2253/308 , B01D2253/311 , B01D2257/504 , B01J20/041 , B01J20/28004 , B01J20/28011 , B01J20/2803 , B01J20/28054 , B01J20/28069 , B01J20/28085 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0425 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/1005 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1058 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1088 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1614 , Y02C10/04 , Y02C10/08 , Y02C20/20 , Y02P20/152
摘要： CO2 sorptive pellets and/or granules and their use for removing CO2 from CO2-containing gases and for producing hydrogen. CO2 sorptive pellets are suitable for use in fixed bed reactors and the like due to sufficient crush strength. CO2 sorptive granules are suitable for moving, ebullated, expanded and fluidized beds. The CO2 sorptive pellets and/or granules comprise calcium oxide and/or magnesium oxide and at least one binding agent such as calcium titanate, calcium aluminate, calcium zirconate, magnesium titanate, magnesium aluminate, and magnesium zirconate. A method for making the CO2-sorptive pellets is described. The CO2 sorptive pellets optionally comprise at Ni, Pd, Pt, and/or Rh.
摘要翻译： CO2吸附颗粒和/或颗粒，以及它们用于从含CO 2气体中除去CO 2和用于产生氢的用途。 CO 2吸附颗粒由于足够的压碎强度而适合用于固定床反应器等。 CO2吸附颗粒适用于移动，沸腾，膨胀和流化床。 CO 2吸附性颗粒和/或颗粒包含氧化钙和/或氧化镁和至少一种结合剂，例如钛酸钙，铝酸钙，锆酸锆，钛酸镁，铝酸镁和锆酸镁。描述了制备二氧化碳吸附颗粒的方法。 CO 2吸附颗粒任选地包含Ni，Pd，Pt和/或Rh。

3. 发明授权

US07563308B2 Ionic liquid based mixtures for gas storage and delivery 失效
标题翻译：用于气体储存和输送的离子液体基混合物
公开(公告)号：US07563308B2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-21
申请号：US11208723
申请日：2005-08-23
申请人： Daniel Joseph Tempel , Philip Bruce Henderson , Jeffrey Richard Brzozowski , Ronald Martin Pearlstein , Diwakar Garg
发明人： Daniel Joseph Tempel , Philip Bruce Henderson , Jeffrey Richard Brzozowski , Ronald Martin Pearlstein , Diwakar Garg
IPC分类号： B01D19/00 , F17C11/00
CPC分类号： C01B3/001 , C01B9/08 , C01B13/0285 , C01B25/06 , C01B32/80 , F17C11/00 , F17C11/005 , F17C11/007 , Y02E60/321 , Y02E60/324
摘要： A mixture and method for the storage and delivery of a gas are disclosed herein. In one aspect, there is provided a mixture comprising: an ionic liquid comprising an anion and a cation, at least a portion of the gas that is disposed within and reversibly chemically reacted with the ionic liquid, and optionally an unreacted gas. In another aspect, there is provided a method for delivering a gas from a mixture comprising an ionic liquid and one or more gases comprising: reacting at least a portion of the gas with the ionic liquid to provide the mixture comprising a chemically reacted gas and an ionic liquid and separating the chemically reacted gas from the mixture wherein the chemically reacted gas after the separating step has substantially the same chemical identity as the chemically reacted gas prior to the reacting step.
摘要翻译：本文公开了用于储存和输送气体的混合物和方法。在一个方面，提供了一种混合物，其包含：包含阴离子和阳离子的离子液体，所述气体的至少一部分设置在离子液体内并可逆地与离子液体化学反应，以及任选的未反应气体。在另一方面，提供了一种从包含离子液体和一种或多种气体的混合物输送气体的方法，包括：使至少一部分气体与离子液体反应，以提供包含化学反应气体和离子液体并且从混合物中分离化学反应的气体，其中分离步骤之后的化学反应气体在反应步骤之前具有与化学反应气体基本上相同的化学同一性。

4. 发明申请

US20080260621A1 Preparation of Complex Metal Oxides 有权
标题翻译：复杂金属氧化物的制备
公开(公告)号：US20080260621A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-23
申请号：US11737942
申请日：2007-04-20
申请人： Robert Quinn , Diwakar Garg , Frederick Carl Wilhelm , Terry Lee Slager
发明人： Robert Quinn , Diwakar Garg , Frederick Carl Wilhelm , Terry Lee Slager
IPC分类号： C01D1/02 , C01G45/12
CPC分类号： C01G49/0018 , C01B13/185 , C01B32/60 , C01G45/1221 , C01G49/0036 , C01G49/0072 , C01P2002/50 , C01P2002/72
摘要： The present invention provides a process for making a complex metal oxide comprising the formula AxByOz. The process comprises the steps of: (a) reacting in solution at a temperature of between about 75° C. to about 100° C. at least one water-soluble salt of A, at least one water-soluble salt of B and a stoichiometric amount of a carbonate salt or a bicarbonate salt required to form a mole of a carbonate precipitate represented by the formula AxBy(CO3)n, wherein the reacting is conducted in a substantial absence of carbon dioxide to form the carbonate precipitate and wherein the molar amount of carbonate salt or bicarbonate salt is at least three times the stoichiometric amount of carbonate or bicarbonate salt required to form a mole of the carbonate precipitate; and (b) reacting the carbonate precipitate with an oxygen containing fluid under conditions to form the complex metal oxide.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种制备复合金属氧化物的方法，所述复合金属氧化物包括下式：其中R 1，R 2，R 3，该方法包括以下步骤：（a）在约75℃至约100℃的温度下在溶液中使至少一种A的水溶性盐，至少一种B的水溶性盐和化学计量量的形成一摩尔由式A表示的碳酸盐沉淀所需的碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐（CO 3/3）其中反应在基本上不存在二氧化碳的情况下进行以形成碳酸盐沉淀物，并且其中碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐的摩尔量为化学计量量的碳酸盐的至少三倍或形成一摩尔碳酸盐沉淀物所需的碳酸氢盐; 和（b）在条件下使碳酸盐沉淀物与含氧流体反应以形成复合金属氧化物。

5. 发明申请

US20070218204A1 APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF SUBSTRATE USING AN ACTIVATED REACTIVE GAS 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用活性反应气体表面处理基材的设备和工艺
公开(公告)号：US20070218204A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-20
申请号：US11689074
申请日：2007-03-21
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Steven Krouse , Eric Robertson , Pingping Ma
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Steven Krouse , Eric Robertson , Pingping Ma
IPC分类号： C23C16/00
CPC分类号： C23C16/45578 , C03C15/00 , C03C23/006 , C23C16/452 , H01J37/3244 , H01J37/32834
摘要： An apparatus for treatment a substrate with an activated reactive gas which includes a processing chamber, an exhaust manifold, a conveyor adapted to sequentially introduce into the processing chamber untreated portions of the substrate for said treatment and to sequentially remove from the processing chamber treated portions of the substrate, wherein the length of the substrate exceeds a dimension of the inner volume of the processing chamber, a distribution conduit disposed in the processing chamber, wherein the length of the distribution conduit is approximately equal to the width of the substrate, and wherein the distribution conduit has a number (N) of openings, each opening has a cross sectional area (Ao), a cross sectional area of the distribution conduit (Ac), and wherein a maximum cross-sectional area (N*Ao) of the openings can be determined by the following expression: 1.0*Ac>N*Ao≧0.1*Ac.
摘要翻译：一种用活性反应性气体处理衬底的设备，其包括处理室，排气歧管，适于顺次向处理室中引入未经处理的用于所述处理的衬底的部分的传送器，并且从处理室中顺次地将处理的部分所述基板，其中所述基板的长度超过所述处理室的内部体积的尺寸;布置在所述处理室中的分配导管，其中所述分配导管的长度近似等于所述基板的宽度，并且其中，分配导管具有数个（N）个开口，每个开口具有横截面面积（A SUB），分配导管（A SUB C）的横截面面积，并且其中开口的最大横截面积（N * A）可以通过以下表达式来确定：1.0 * A N * A < ○ = 0.1 * A 。

6. 发明申请

US20050213185A1 Hybrid process for depositing electrochromic coating 有权
标题翻译：用于沉积电致变色涂层的混合工艺
公开(公告)号：US20050213185A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-29
申请号：US10806743
申请日：2004-03-23
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Philip Henderson
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Philip Henderson
IPC分类号： G02F1/15 , G02F1/153
CPC分类号： G02F1/1523 , G02F1/153
摘要： A method of producing an electrochromic device, includes the steps of: providing a first electron conducting layer on a substrate, providing a working electrode in communication with the first electron conducting layer, providing an ion conducting layer in communication with the working electrode, providing an ion storage electrode in communication with the ion conducting layer, and providing a second electron conducting layer in communication with the ion storage electrode, wherein at least one and less than all of the providing steps include(s) plasma chemical vapor deposition. An electrochromic device produced by the method of the invention is disclosed, as is an apparatus adapted to perform the method of the invention, including plasma CVD devices and vacuum sputtering devices.
摘要翻译：一种制造电致变色器件的方法，包括以下步骤：在衬底上提供第一电子传导层，提供与第一电子传导层连通的工作电极，提供与工作电极连通的离子传导层，离子存储电极与离子传导层连通，并提供与离子存储电极连通的第二电子传导层，其中至少一个并且小于所有提供步骤包括等离子体化学气相沉积。公开了通过本发明的方法制造的电致变色装置，以及适于执行本发明方法的装置，包括等离子体CVD装置和真空溅射装置。

7. 发明授权

US06045749A Method for de-lubricating powder metal compacts 有权
标题翻译：粉末金属压块的去润滑方法
公开(公告)号：US06045749A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-04
申请号：US324162
申请日：1999-06-02
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Donald James Bowe , James Garfield Marsden , Kerry Renard Berger , Xianming Li
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Donald James Bowe , James Garfield Marsden , Kerry Renard Berger , Xianming Li
IPC分类号： C22C1/04 , B22F3/10 , C22C33/02 , F27B9/30 , F27D7/02 , B22F3/12
CPC分类号： B22F3/1025 , B22F3/1021 , F27B9/30 , F27D7/02 , B22F2003/023 , B22F2999/00 , F27B9/3011
摘要： A method and apparatus for introducing an oxidant mixed with a carrier gas into pre-heating zone of a continuous furnace for effectively removing lubricant from powder metal compacts prior to sintering at high temperatures. Mixing a controlled amount of a gaseous oxidizing agent such as moisture, carbon dioxide, air or mixtures thereof with a carrier gas and introducing the mixture into the preheating zone of a continuous furnace under controlled conditions accelerates removal of lubricant from powder metal compacts prior to sintering at high temperature by decomposing lubricant vapors into smaller and more volatile hydrocarbons, produces sintered components with close to soot- and residue-free surfaces and with the desired physical properties, prolongs the life of furnace components including muffles and belts, and reduces downtime, maintenance and operating costs.
摘要翻译：将与载气混合的氧化剂引入连续炉的预热区域的方法和装置，用于在高温烧结之前有效地从粉末金属压块中除去润滑剂。将受控量的气态氧化剂如水分，二氧化碳，空气或其与载体气体的混合物混合并在受控条件下将混合物引入连续炉的预热区域中加速在烧结之前从粉末金属压块中除去润滑剂在高温下通过将润滑剂蒸汽分解成更小和更易挥发的烃，产生具有接近无烟和无残留物表面的烧结组分，并具有所需的物理性能，延长炉组件（包括马弗管和带）的寿命，并减少停机时间，维护和运营成本。

8. 发明授权

US5613185A Atmospheres for extending life of wire mesh belts used in sintering powder metal components 失效
标题翻译：用于延长烧结粉末金属部件的丝网带寿命的大气
公开(公告)号：US5613185A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-18
申请号：US456594
申请日：1995-06-01
申请人： James G. Marsden , Donald J. Bowe , Kerry R. Berger , Diwakar Garg , David L. Mitchell, Jr.
发明人： James G. Marsden , Donald J. Bowe , Kerry R. Berger , Diwakar Garg , David L. Mitchell, Jr.
IPC分类号： B22F3/10 , C21D1/76 , F27D1/16 , F27D3/12 , B22F1/00
CPC分类号： F27D3/12 , B22F3/1007 , C21D1/76 , F27D1/1678 , F27D2003/121
摘要： The present invention discloses novel nitrogen-hydrogen based atmospheres for sintering steel components in continuous furnaces with consistent quality and properties while prolonging the life of the wire mesh belts, reducing maintenance costs, and improving furnace productivity. Specifically, it discloses the use of a controlled amount of an oxidizing agent such as moisture, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, or mixtures thereof along with nitrogen-hydrogen atmospheres. The amount of an oxidizing agent added to the nitrogen-hydrogen atmospheres to pre-condition belt material prior to its use for sintering and to sinter steel components is controlled in such a way that atmospheres become oxidizing to the belt material but reducing to steel components being sintered, specifically in the high heating and cooling zones of continuous furnaces.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种用于在连续炉中烧结钢组分的新型氮 - 氢基气氛，具有一致的质量和性能，同时延长了丝网带的寿命，降低了维护成本，并提高了炉的生产率。具体地说，它公开了使用受控量的氧化剂如水分，二氧化碳，一氧化二氮或其混合物以及氮 - 氢气氛。添加到氮 - 氢气氛中的氧化剂在其用于烧结和烧结钢部件之前预先调节带材料的量被控制为使得气氛变得对带材料氧化，但是减少为钢部件烧结，特别是在连续炉的高加热和冷却区域。

9. 发明授权

US5417774A Heat treating atmospheres 失效
标题翻译：热处理环境
公开(公告)号：US5417774A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US995624
申请日：1992-12-22
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger , Kerry R. Berger
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger , Kerry R. Berger
IPC分类号： B22F3/10 , B23K35/38 , C21D1/76 , C21D1/00 , C21D9/00
CPC分类号： B22F3/1007 , C21D1/763 , B23K35/38
摘要： A process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing, brazing, and sintering ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, neutral hardening low, medium, and high carbon steels, sintering ceramic powders, and sealing glass to metal from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5% residual oxygen is disclosed. According to the process, suitable atmospheres are produced by 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen stream containing residual oxygen to a desired temperature, 2) mixing it with more than a stoichiometric amount a hydrocarbon gas, 3) passing it through a reactor packed with a platinum group of metal catalyst to reduce the residual oxygen to very low levels and convert it to a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, and 4) introducing the reactor effluent stream into the heating zone of a furnace and converting in-situ a portion of both moisture and carbon dioxide with a hydrocarbon gas to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The key features of the disclosed process include 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing residual oxygen to a certain minimum temperature, 2) adding more than a stoichiometric amount of a hydrocarbon gas to the pre-heated nitrogen stream, 3) using a platinum group of metal catalyst to initiate and sustain the reaction between oxygen and the hydrocarbon gas, and 4) converting in-situ a portion of both moisture and carbon dioxide with a hydrocarbon gas to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the heating zone of a furnace.
摘要翻译：一种生产低成本气氛的方法，适用于退火，钎焊和烧结黑色和有色金属和合金，中性硬化低，中，高碳钢，烧结陶瓷粉末，以及将玻璃与非低温生产密封在一起公开了含有高达5％残余氧的氮。根据该方法，通过以下方式产生合适的气氛：1）将含有残余氧气的非低温生成氮气流预热至所需温度，2）将其与多于化学计量的烃气体混合，3）将其通过用铂族金属催化剂填充的反应器将残余氧气减少至非常低的水平，并将其转化为水分和二氧化碳的混合物，以及4）将反应器流出物流引入炉的加热区并原位转化一部分水分和二氧化碳与烃气体混合到一氧化碳和氢气中。所公开的方法的主要特征包括：1）将非低温法生产的含氮残留氧预加热到一定的最低温度; 2）向预热的氮气流中加入多于化学计量的烃气体; 3）使用铂族金属催化剂引发和维持氧气和烃类气体之间的反应，以及4）在加热中将一部分水分和二氧化碳与烃气体原位转化为一氧化碳和氢气的混合物炉区。

10. 发明授权

US5401339A Atmospheres for decarburize annealing steels 失效
标题翻译：用于脱碳退火钢的环境
公开(公告)号：US5401339A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-28
申请号：US194757
申请日：1994-02-10
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Kerry R. Berger
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Kerry R. Berger
IPC分类号： C21D1/76 , C21D3/04
CPC分类号： C21D1/763 , C21D3/04
摘要： A process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for decarburize annealing carbon steels from non-cryogenically generated nitrogen containing up to 1.54 residual oxygen by catalytically deoxygenating a non-cryogenically generated nitrogen stream at low temperatures with a hydrocarbon gas and mixing the deoxygenated stream with an economical amount of hydrogen prior to introduction into the furnace for annealing. The process includes the use of 1) hydrocarbon gas to convert residual oxygen to a mixture of carbon dioxide and moisture at low temperatures and 2) mixing the deoxygenated stream with a sufficient amount of hydrogen to maintain a pH.sub.2 /pH.sub.2 O ratio of at least 2 in the furnace.
摘要翻译：一种用于生产低成本气氛的方法，其适用于通过在低温下用烃气体催化脱氧非低温法生成的氮气流并将脱氧流与在引入炉内进行退火之前经济的氢气量。该方法包括使用1）烃类气体在低温下将残余氧气转化为二氧化碳和水分的混合物，以及2）将脱氧物流与足够量的氢气混合，以将pH2 / pH2O比保持在至少2 炉子。

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