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21. 发明申请

US20080072357A1 REVERSIBLE ACTUATION IN ARRAYS OF NANOSTRUCTURES 有权
标题翻译：在纳米结构阵列中的可逆执行
公开(公告)号：US20080072357A1
公开(公告)日：2008-03-20
申请号：US11531806
申请日：2006-09-14
申请人： Joanna Aizenberg , Thomas Nikita Krupenkin , Oleksander Sydorenko , Joseph Ashley Taylor
发明人： Joanna Aizenberg , Thomas Nikita Krupenkin , Oleksander Sydorenko , Joseph Ashley Taylor
IPC分类号： H01L29/82
CPC分类号： B81B3/0032 , Y10S310/80
摘要： The present invention provides, in one embodiment, an apparatus. The apparatus, without limitation, may include a substrate with a surface, and a polymer layer attached to a region of the surface. The apparatus may further include a plurality of nanostructures, a first end of each nanostructure being in the polymer layer and a second end of each nanostructure protruding through the polymer layer, wherein the nanostructures are configured to move from a first position to a second position in response to a change in thickness of the polymer layer from a first thickness to a second thickness.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，本发明提供了一种装置。该装置，但不限于，可以包括具有表面的基底和附着到表面的区域的聚合物层。该装置还可以包括多个纳米结构，每个纳米结构的第一端在聚合物层中，并且每个纳米结构的第二端突出穿过聚合物层，其中纳米结构被配置为从第一位置移动到第二位置响应聚合物层从第一厚度到第二厚度的厚度变化。

22. 发明申请

US20080057287A1 CLOSED CELL SURFACES WITH ENHANCED DRAG-REDUCTION PROPERTIES 有权
标题翻译：封闭式电池表面具有增强的减小性能
公开(公告)号：US20080057287A1
公开(公告)日：2008-03-06
申请号：US11468650
申请日：2006-08-30
申请人： Marc Scott Hodes , Paul Robert Kolodner , Thomas Nikita Krupenkin , Todd Richard Salamon , Joseph Ashley Taylor
发明人： Marc Scott Hodes , Paul Robert Kolodner , Thomas Nikita Krupenkin , Todd Richard Salamon , Joseph Ashley Taylor
IPC分类号： B32B3/26 , B32B3/00
CPC分类号： B05D5/00 , B05D7/22 , B63B1/34 , B81B2203/0315 , B81C1/00206 , F15D1/02 , F15D1/10 , Y02T70/121 , Y02T70/123 , Y10T29/49885 , Y10T428/249953 , Y10T428/249954 , Y10T428/249956 , Y10T428/24996 , Y10T428/249976
摘要： An apparatus, comprising a plurality of closed cells disposed on a surface of a substrate. Each of the closed cells has at least one dimension that is less than about 1 millimeter and are configured to hold a medium therein. The apparatus also comprises a foam that contacts the closed cells. The foam has fluid walls that include a surfactant, and bubbles of the foam layer are filled with the medium.
摘要翻译：一种装置，包括设置在基板的表面上的多个闭孔。每个闭孔具有小于约1毫米的至少一个尺寸并且构造成在其中保持介质。该装置还包括接触闭孔的泡沫。该泡沫体具有包含表面活性剂的流体壁，泡沫层的泡沫填充有介质。

23. 发明授权

US07323033B2 Nanostructured surfaces having variable permeability 有权
标题翻译：具有可变渗透性的纳米结构表面
公开(公告)号：US07323033B2
公开(公告)日：2008-01-29
申请号：US10835639
申请日：2004-04-30
申请人： Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Mary Louise Mandich , Joseph Ashley Taylor
发明人： Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Mary Louise Mandich , Joseph Ashley Taylor
IPC分类号： B01D53/22
CPC分类号： B01D69/06 , B81B1/008 , B82Y30/00
摘要： A nanostructured substrate is disclosed having a plurality of substrate openings disposed between the nanostructures on the substrate. When a desired fluid comes into contact with the substrate, at least a portion of the fluid is allowed to pass through at least one of the openings. In a first embodiment, the fluid is caused to pass through the openings by causing the fluid to penetrate the nanostructures. In a second embodiment, the substrate is a flexible substrate so that when a mechanical force is applied to the substrate, such as a bending or stretching force, the distance between nanoposts or the diameter of nanocells on the substrate increases and the liquid penetrates the nanostructures. In another embodiment, a first fluid, such as water, is prevented from penetrating the nanostructures on the substrate while a second fluid is permitted to pass through the substrate via the openings in the substrate.
摘要翻译：公开了一种纳米结构化衬底，其具有设置在衬底上的纳米结构之间的多个衬底开口。当期望的流体与基底接触时，允许至少一部分流体通过至少一个开口。在第一实施例中，通过使流体穿透纳米结构，使流体通过开口。在第二实施例中，衬底是柔性衬底，使得当机械力施加到衬底（例如弯曲或拉伸力）时，纳米孔之间的距离或衬底上的纳米细胞的直径增加，液体渗透纳米结构。在另一个实施例中，防止第一流体（例如水）穿过基板上的纳米结构，同时允许第二流体经由基板中的开口穿过基板。

24. 发明授权

US07156032B2 Method and apparatus for controlling friction between a fluid and a body 有权
标题翻译：用于控制流体和身体之间摩擦的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07156032B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-02
申请号：US10649285
申请日：2003-08-27
申请人： Avinoam Kornblit , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Mary Louise Mandich , Tobias Manuel Schneider , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss , Shu Yang
发明人： Avinoam Kornblit , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Mary Louise Mandich , Tobias Manuel Schneider , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss , Shu Yang
IPC分类号： B63B1/34 , B64C21/00
CPC分类号： F15D1/10 , B63B1/36 , B63G8/20 , B63H25/50 , B63H25/52 , Y02T70/121
摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed wherein nanostructures or microstructures are disposed on a surface of a body (such as a submersible vehicle) that is adapted to move through a fluid, such as water. The nanostructures or microstructures are disposed on the surface in a way such that the contact between the surface and the fluid is reduced and, correspondingly, the friction between the surface and the fluid is reduced. In an illustrative embodiment, the surface is a surface on a submarine or other submersible vehicle (such as a torpedo). Illustratively, electrowetting principles are used to cause the fluid to at least partially penetrate the nanostructures or microstructures on the surface of the body in order to selectively create greater friction in a desired location of the surface. Such penetration may be used, for example, to create drag that alters the direction or speed of travel of the body.
摘要翻译：公开了一种方法和装置，其中将纳米结构或微结构布置在适于移动通过诸如水的流体的主体（例如潜水车辆）的表面上。纳米结构或微结构以这样的方式设置在表面上，使得表面和流体之间的接触减小，并且相应地减小了表面和流体之间的摩擦。在说明性实施例中，表面是潜艇或其他潜水车辆（例如鱼雷）上的表面。说明性地，使用电润湿原理使流体至少部分地穿透身体表面上的纳米结构或微结构，以便在表面的期望位置选择性地产生更大的摩擦。例如，可以使用这种穿透来产生改变身体行进方向或速度的阻力。

25. 发明授权

US07048889B2 Dynamically controllable biological/chemical detectors having nanostructured surfaces 有权
标题翻译：具有纳米结构表面的动态可控生物/化学检测器
公开(公告)号：US07048889B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-23
申请号：US10806543
申请日：2004-03-23
申请人： Susanne Arney , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Alan Michael Lyons , Mary Louise Mandich , Michael J Schabel , Joseph Ashley Taylor
发明人： Susanne Arney , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Alan Michael Lyons , Mary Louise Mandich , Michael J Schabel , Joseph Ashley Taylor
IPC分类号： G01N15/06
CPC分类号： B01L3/5088 , B01L3/508 , B01L2300/089 , B01L2300/161 , B01L2400/0406 , B01L2400/0421 , B01L2400/0427 , B01L2400/0436
摘要： A biological/chemical detector is disclosed that is capable of manipulating liquids, such as reagent droplets, without relying on microchannels. In a first embodiment, fluid flow is passed through the detector, thus causing particles wholly or partially containing an illustrative chemical compound or biological species to be collected on the tips of nanostructures in the detector. A droplet of liquid is moved across the tips of the nanostructures, thus absorbing the particles into the liquid. The droplet is caused to penetrate the nanostructures in a desired location, thus causing the chemical compound or biological species in said liquid droplet to come into contact with, for example, a reagent. In another embodiment, a fluid flow is passed through the nanostructured surfaces of the detector such that the chemical compound and/or biological species are deposited between the nanoposts of a desired pixel. A droplet of liquid is moved across the surface to that desired pixel and is caused to penetrate the nanostructures of the pixel, thus contacting a reagent.
摘要翻译：公开了一种生物/化学检测器，其能够在不依赖微通道的情况下操纵诸如试剂液滴的液体。在第一实施例中，流体流动通过检测器，从而使完全或部分含有说明性化学化合物或生物物质的颗粒收集在检测器中的纳米结构的末端上。液滴流过纳米结构的尖端，从而将颗粒吸收到液体中。使液滴在期望的位置穿透纳米结构，从而使所述液滴中的化合物或生物物质与例如试剂接触。在另一个实施方案中，流体流动通过检测器的纳米结构化表面，使得化学化合物和/或生物物质沉积在期望像素的纳米孔之间。一滴液体通过表面移动到该期望的像素，并且被引导穿透像素的纳米结构，从而使试剂接触。

26. 发明授权

US07005593B2 Liquid electrical microswitch 有权
标题翻译：液体电动微动开关
公开(公告)号：US07005593B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-28
申请号：US10816569
申请日：2004-04-01
申请人： Arman Gasparyan , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss
发明人： Arman Gasparyan , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss
IPC分类号： H01H29/00
CPC分类号： H01H59/0009 , H01H29/00 , H01H2029/008
摘要： A liquid electrical switch is disclosed that uses a plurality of droplets of conducting liquid to form an electrical path. In a first embodiment, at least a first voltage differential is used to create a separation distance between two droplets. The droplets are illustratively contained within a housing and surrounded by an immiscible, insulating liquid. In this embodiment, the at least a first voltage differential draws at least a portion of at least one of the droplets away from a second droplet, thus preventing electrical current from flowing from the at least one droplet to the second droplet. In another embodiment, the at least a first voltage differential is changed in a way such that at least one liquid droplet is made to come into contact with a second droplet, thus creating an electrical path between the two droplets.
摘要翻译：公开了一种液体电气开关，其使用多个导液液滴形成电路径。在第一实施例中，使用至少第一电压差来产生两个液滴之间的间隔距离。液滴被示例性地包含在壳体内并被不混溶的绝缘液体包围。在该实施例中，至少第一电压差将至少一个液滴的至少一部分从第二液滴中抽出，从而防止电流从至少一个液滴流向第二液滴。在另一个实施例中，至少第一电压差以这样的方式改变，使得至少一个液滴与第二液滴接触，从而在两个液滴之间产生电路径。

27. 发明授权

US06967326B2 Mass spectrometers on wafer-substrates 有权
标题翻译：晶圆衬底上的质谱仪
公开(公告)号：US06967326B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-22
申请号：US10789091
申请日：2004-02-27
申请人： Chien-Shing Pai , Stanley Pau , Joseph Ashley Taylor
发明人： Chien-Shing Pai , Stanley Pau , Joseph Ashley Taylor
IPC分类号： G01N27/62 , B01D59/44 , H01J49/00 , H01J49/26 , H01J49/28 , H01J49/42
CPC分类号： H01J49/0018 , H01J49/424
摘要： An apparatus includes a semiconductor or dielectric wafer-substrate and first and second multi-layer structures located over the wafer-substrate. The first multi-layer structure includes an ionizer or an electronic ion detector. The second multi-layer structure includes an ion trap having entrance and exit ports. The ionizer or electronic ion detector has a port coupled to one of the ports of the ion trap.
摘要翻译：一种装置包括半导体或电介质晶片衬底以及位于晶片衬底之上的第一和第二多层结构。第一多层结构包括离子发生器或电子离子检测器。第二多层结构包括具有入口和出口的离子阱。离子发生器或电子离子检测器具有耦合到离子阱的一个端口的端口。

28. 发明授权

US10264846B2 Method and apparatus for providing internal heating of footwear 有权
公开(公告)号：US10264846B2
公开(公告)日：2019-04-23
申请号：US15407305
申请日：2017-01-17
申请人： Thomas Nikita Krupenkin , Joseph Ashley Taylor
发明人： Thomas Nikita Krupenkin , Joseph Ashley Taylor
IPC分类号： A43B7/02 , A43B5/04 , H02N11/00 , H02N1/08 , A43B13/18 , F15B7/00 , A61F7/00
摘要： A method and apparatus for generating thermal energy (heat) from human locomotion is proposed and used to provide heating of the user's footwear. The apparatus takes the form of a pair of flexible, liquid-filled chambers connected by an energy-generating tube. One chamber is located in the heel region of a footwear insole, with the other in the toe region, such that as a person walks, the liquid moves back and forth within the tube. This movement is used to also move an energy-producing element (either an electromagnetic arrangement or viscous liquid) back and forth within the tube and convert the captured human locomotion energy into thermal energy, thus warming the footwear.

29. 发明授权

US09203291B2 Method and apparatus for mechanical energy harvesting using combined magnetic and microfluidic energy generation 有权
标题翻译：使用组合磁流体和微流体能量产生的机械能量采集方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US09203291B2
公开(公告)日：2015-12-01
申请号：US13692062
申请日：2012-12-03
申请人： Thomas Krupenkin , Joseph Ashley Taylor
发明人： Thomas Krupenkin , Joseph Ashley Taylor
IPC分类号： F02B63/04 , H02K44/00 , H02N3/00
CPC分类号： H02K44/00 , H02N3/00
摘要： An energy harvesting system for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy uses an electrostatic arrangement based upon the interaction between conductive microfluidic droplets and dielectric-coated electrodes in combination with an electromagnetic arrangement based upon the interaction between magnetic elements and coils, with the two arrangements disposed in an interleaved configuration that provides a degree of synergy to the overall system in the form of providing spacings between adjacent elements and providing a bias voltage source for the electrostatic arrangement from the energy created by the electromagnetic arrangement.
摘要翻译：用于将机械能转换成电能的能量收集系统使用基于导电微流体液滴和电介质涂覆电极之间的相互作用的静电排列，其结合基于磁性元件和线圈之间的相互作用的电磁装置，其中两个布置在交替配置，其以提供相邻元件之间的间隔的形式向整个系统提供一定程度的协同作用，并且根据由电磁装置产生的能量为静电装置提供偏置电压源。

30. 发明授权

US08541052B2 Method of manufacturing closed-cell surfaces with advanced drag-reduction properties 有权
标题翻译：制造具有先进的减阻性能的闭孔表面的方法
公开(公告)号：US08541052B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-24
申请号：US13476144
申请日：2012-05-21
申请人： Marc Scott Hodes , Paul Robert Kolodner , Thomas Nikita Krupenkin , Todd Richard Salamon , Joseph Ashley Taylor
发明人： Marc Scott Hodes , Paul Robert Kolodner , Thomas Nikita Krupenkin , Todd Richard Salamon , Joseph Ashley Taylor
IPC分类号： B05D5/00 , B05D7/22 , B32B3/26 , B32B3/06 , B32B5/14
CPC分类号： B05D5/00 , B05D7/22 , B63B1/34 , B81B2203/0315 , B81C1/00206 , F15D1/02 , F15D1/10 , Y02T70/121 , Y02T70/123 , Y10T29/49885 , Y10T428/249953 , Y10T428/249954 , Y10T428/249956 , Y10T428/24996 , Y10T428/249976
摘要： A method of manufacture comprising forming a plurality of cells on a substrate, wherein each of the cells has at least one dimension that is less than about 1 millimeter and is configured to hold a medium therein, and wherein each of the cells has walls that laterally enclose an area of a surface of the substrate and has a top opening. The method also comprises contacting the cells with a fluid and introducing a surfactant and a medium into the fluid to thereby form a foam layer contacting the walls of cells. Bubbles of the foam layer have fluid walls that include the surfactant, the bubbles are filled with the medium, and the bubbles remain substantially stationary on the top openings of the cells for a period on average of at least about 1 minute.
摘要翻译：一种制造方法，包括在基底上形成多个细胞，其中每个细胞具有小于约1毫米的至少一个尺寸并且被配置为在其中保持介质，并且其中每个细胞具有侧壁封闭基板的表面的区域并具有顶部开口。该方法还包括使细胞与流体接触并将表面活性剂和介质引入流体中，从而形成接触细胞壁的泡沫层。泡沫层的气泡具有包括表面活性剂的流体壁，气泡被介质填充，并且气泡在电池的顶部开口上保持基本上静止平均至少约1分钟的时间。

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