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21. 发明授权

US4583611A Wheel spin prevention system 失效
标题翻译：车轮防旋转系统
公开(公告)号：US4583611A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-22
申请号：US645044
申请日：1984-08-28
申请人： Rudiger Frank , Herbert Schramm , Werner Kopper , Dieter Worner
发明人： Rudiger Frank , Herbert Schramm , Werner Kopper , Dieter Worner
IPC分类号： B60T8/72 , B60K28/16 , B60T8/175 , B60T8/66 , F02D29/02 , F16D66/00 , B60Q1/00 , B60K31/00
CPC分类号： B60T8/175 , F16D2066/001
摘要： A versatile system for preventing spinning of driving wheels, especially for commercial road vehicles, is provided by a braking control system in which a logic system responds not only to positive slip (overdriving) of each driven wheel, but also to negative slip (overbraking) thereof and, likewise, not only to over-acceleration, but also to excessive deceleration of the driven wheels. The cycle of control is started by an over-acceleration signal and terminates by the timing-out of a control phase in which hydraulic brake pressure is reduced. Within a control cycle, brake pressure builds up for a driven wheel in response to the simultaneous occurrence of any one of the following four pairs of conditions at that wheel: (a) presence of over-acceleration and of negative slip; (b) presence of over-acceleration and of positive slip; (c) presence of over-acceleration and absence of negative slip, and (d) presence of over-deceleration and of positive slip. For purposes of braking, but not for purposes of reducing engine torque, when over-acceleration occurs at a first driving wheel at one side of the vehicle, a pseudo-positive-slip signal is generated for the driving wheel on the other side, but that pseudo-signal is suppressed if at the first driving wheel there appears a slip signal or an overdeceleration signal.
摘要翻译：一种用于防止驱动轮旋转的通用系统，特别是用于商业道路车辆的驱动轮，由制动控制系统提供，其中逻辑系统不仅响应每个从动轮的正滑移（过驱动），而且还响应于负滑动（过度制动）并且同样地，不仅是过度加速，而且还导致从动轮的过度减速。控制循环由过加速度信号开始，并且终止于液压制动压力降低的控制阶段的超时。在控制周期内，响应于同时发生以下四对条件中的任何一个，轮对制动压力建立起来：（a）存在过加速度和负滑差; （b）存在过度加速和正滑移; （c）存在过度加速和没有负滑差，以及（d）存在过度减速和正滑移。为了制动的目的，但是为了减少发动机扭矩，当在车辆的一侧的第一驱动轮处发生过加速时，对另一侧的驱动轮产生伪正滑信号，但是如果在第一驱动轮处出现滑移信号或过减速信号，则该伪信号被抑制。

22. 发明授权

US4478068A Internal combustion engine knock sensing method and system 失效
标题翻译：内燃机爆震检测方法及系统
公开(公告)号：US4478068A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-23
申请号：US410629
申请日：1982-08-23
申请人： Jorg Bonitz , Robert Entenmann , Rochus Knab , Bernhard Miller , Siegfried Rohde , Herbert Schramm , Walter Viess
发明人： Jorg Bonitz , Robert Entenmann , Rochus Knab , Bernhard Miller , Siegfried Rohde , Herbert Schramm , Walter Viess
IPC分类号： F02P5/152 , F02D45/00 , F02P5/153 , G01H17/00 , G01L23/22 , G01M15/00
CPC分类号： G01L23/225
摘要： To recognize knocking conditions in signals derived from a knock sensor, which signals representative of knocking may be masked by background or noise signals, and to clearly distinguish the knocking signal from background or noise signals, the knocking signals are integrated with respect to measuring or strobing intervals during a predetermined angle of crankshaft rotation, digitized in an A/D converter (7) and then compared in a comparator (9) with the same signals which have been passed through a low-pass digital filter (8) to compare the integrated, digitized signal of a then occurring combustion process or event with similar signals of prior combustion processes or events to thereby recognize and distinguish knocking signal conditions from noise signal conditions; digital filtering and comparison as well as sequence timing can be carried out in a single microprocessor (FIGS. 2:14), earlier combustion events being weighted in accordance with the remoteness of their occurrence and/or engine speed and engine loading, the reference signal, for example, being generated in accordance with the formula:y(t.sub.i)=(1-k).y(t.sub.i-1)+kx(t.sub.i)whereiny(t.sub.i) is the reference signal;i is the count index of the respective number of combustion cycles of the respective cylinder;x(t.sub.i) is the instantaneous digitized integrated value; and k is the weighting factor with which the then pertaining digitized integrated value is weighted to form the new reference value.Combustion processes which resulted in knocking can be eliminated from forming part of the comparison.
摘要翻译：为了识别来自爆震传感器的信号中的爆震条件，其表征爆震的信号可被背景或噪声信号掩蔽，并且清楚地区分爆震信号与背景或噪声信号，所以敲击信号相对于测量或选通在曲轴旋转的预定角度期间的间隔，在A / D转换器（7）中数字化，然后在比较器（9）中与通过低通数字滤波器（8）的相同信号进行比较，以比较集成，然后发生的燃烧过程或事件的数字化信号具有类似的先前燃烧过程或事件的信号，从而识别和区分爆震信号条件与噪声信号条件; 数字滤波和比较以及序列时序可以在单个微处理器中执行（图2:14），早期的燃烧事件根据其发生和/或发动机速度和发动机负载的偏远加权，参考信号例如，根据以下公式生成：y（ti）=（1-k）.y（ti-1）+ kx（ti）其中y（ti）是参考信号; i是相应气缸的相应燃烧循环次数的计数值; x（ti）是瞬时数字化积分值; 并且k是加权因子，随后关联的数字化积分值被加权以形成新的参考值。导致敲击的燃烧过程可以从形成部分比较中消除。

23. 发明授权

US4397176A Internal combustion engine knocking sensor arrangement 失效
标题翻译：内燃机爆震传感器布置
公开(公告)号：US4397176A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-09
申请号：US237106
申请日：1981-02-23
申请人： Siegfried Rohde , Jorg Bonitz , Robert Entenmann , Rochus Knab , Herbert Schramm , Gunther Schmidt
发明人： Siegfried Rohde , Jorg Bonitz , Robert Entenmann , Rochus Knab , Herbert Schramm , Gunther Schmidt
IPC分类号： F02B1/04 , G01K1/14 , G01K5/02 , G01K7/00 , G01L23/22
CPC分类号： G01K7/00 , G01K1/14 , G01K5/02 , G01L23/221 , F02B1/04
摘要： One or more temperature sensing elements, for example thermo couples (13, 14, 16, 17), NTC or PTC or resistance wires (18) or capillary fluid temperature sensor elements (20, 21) are located on or in the immediate vicinity of a portion of the inner wall of the combustion chamber, for example and preferably by being integrated within a head liner or facing (15, 15') of the cylinder head gasket or seal (10). The output signals, in electrical or hydraulic form are connected to an evaluation stage (E, E') which determines if the temperature within the cylinder, representative of knocking, has exceeded a predetermined level. Preferably, a speed signal (n) is derived from the engine so that the signals from the sensing elements can be strobed with respect to the time within the engine cycle during which ignition may or is intended to occur so that temperature variations due to normal engine operating strokes are eliminated from the systems output.
摘要翻译：一个或多个温度感测元件，例如热电偶（13,14,16,17），NTC或PTC或电阻丝（18）或毛细管流体温度传感器元件（20,21）位于燃烧室的内壁的一部分，例如并优选通过集成在气缸盖衬垫或密封件（10）的头衬套或面（15,15'）内。电气或液压形式的输出信号连接到评估级（E，E'），该判定级（E，E'）决定了气缸内代表爆震的温度是否超过预定值。优选地，从发动机导出速度信号（n），使得来自感测元件的信号可以相对于发动机循环期间的时间被选通，在该时间期间可能会或将要发生点火，从而使正常发动机引起的温度变化操作笔画从系统输出中消除。

24. 发明授权

US5884719A Method and apparatus for drive slip control 失效
标题翻译：驱动滑移控制的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5884719A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-23
申请号：US748475
申请日：1996-11-08
申请人： Herbert Schramm , Andreas Ziegler , Peter Kozel
发明人： Herbert Schramm , Andreas Ziegler , Peter Kozel
IPC分类号： B60K28/16 , B60T8/172 , B60T8/175 , B60T8/1764
CPC分类号： B60K28/16 , B60T8/175 , B60T2270/211 , B60W2710/0622 , B60W2710/0666
摘要： When at least one drive wheel is showing a tendency to spin, at least the torque of the drive unit of the vehicle is influenced so as to reduce the tendency to spin. The tendency to spin is recognized when the slip of at least one of the drive wheels exceeds a predetermined desired value, where this desired value is adjustable as a function of at least one operating variable. This minimum of one operating variable is associated with the drive power called for by the driver, and is based on at least one of gas pedal position and engine rpm. The desired slip is increased in the range of higher power demands to improve the traction.
摘要翻译：当至少一个驱动轮显示出旋转的倾向时，至少影响车辆的驱动单元的转矩，以减少旋转的倾向。当至少一个驱动轮的滑移超过预定的期望值，其中该期望值作为至少一个操作变量的函数可调整时，识别出旋转倾向。这个最小的一个操作变量与驾驶员所要求的驱动力相关联，并且基于加速踏板位置和发动机转速中的至少一个。在提高牵引力的较高功率需求的范围内，期望的滑差增加。

25. 发明授权

US5844955A Apparatus and method for inspecting an outer jacket of a core containment in the region of a heat shield surrounding the core containment 失效
标题翻译：用于检查在围绕核心容纳物的隔热隔热区域内的核心容纳物的外护套的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5844955A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-01
申请号：US866475
申请日：1997-05-30
申请人： Herbert Schramm , Roland Gottfried , Erich Haas
发明人： Herbert Schramm , Roland Gottfried , Erich Haas
IPC分类号： G21C17/013 , G21C13/00 , G21C17/003 , G21C17/007
CPC分类号： G21C17/007 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2004/501 , G21Y2004/502
摘要： An apparatus and a method for inspecting an outer jacket of a core containment in the region of a heat shield surrounding the core containment, include a plate mounted rotatably on a bottom of a storage basin. The core containment is deposited on the bottom. A mast is deposited on the bottom next to the core containment. A vertical carriage is disposed on the mast for movement in the longitudinal direction of the mast. An outrigger which is disposed on the vertical carriage can be introduced into a region between the outer jacket of the core containment and a heat shield and has a free end which carries an inspection device.
摘要翻译：一种用于检查在围绕芯部容纳物的隔热屏蔽区域内的芯护套的外护套的装置和方法包括可旋转地安装在储存盆底部的板。核心容纳物沉积在底部。桅杆沉积在核心容纳物旁边的底部。在桅杆上设置有垂直滑架，用于沿桅杆的纵向运动。设置在垂直滑架上的支腿可以被引入到芯保护壳的外护套和隔热罩之间的区域中，并且具有携带检查装置的自由端。

26. 发明授权

US4950037A Drive slip regulating system 失效
标题翻译：驱动滑动调节系统
公开(公告)号：US4950037A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-21
申请号：US455803
申请日：1989-12-26
申请人： Werner Kopper , Rudiger Frank , Herbert Schramm , Dieter Worner , Hubert Moller
发明人： Werner Kopper , Rudiger Frank , Herbert Schramm , Dieter Worner , Hubert Moller
IPC分类号： B60T8/175 , B60T8/48
CPC分类号： B60T8/175 , B60T8/48
摘要： A drive slip regulating system is described, in which the speeds of the drive wheels are compared with one another and as a function of the deviation .DELTA. v a set-point brake pressure is calculated, with which the excessively spinning wheel is to be braked. In the pulsed furnishing of the brake pressure, the valve opening times are calculated, taking the pressure buildup function into account, in such a way that the actual brake pressure corresponds to the set-point brake pressure.
摘要翻译：描述了一种驱动滑动调节系统，其中驱动轮的速度相互比较，并且根据偏差ΔΔTA的函数计算设定点制动压力，用于该制动器的制动压力将被制动。在制动压力的脉冲配置中，考虑到压力积分功能，计算出阀打开时间，使得实际制动压力对应于设定点制动压力。

27. 发明授权

US4740915A Method of controlling a microprocessor to monitor input signals at irregular mutually intersecting intervals 失效
标题翻译：控制微处理器以不规则的相交间隔监视输入信号的方法
公开(公告)号：US4740915A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-26
申请号：US844270
申请日：1986-03-28
申请人： Jorg Bonitz , Robert Entenmann , Rochus Knab , Bernhard Miller , Siegfried Rohde , Herbert Schramm , Walter Viess
发明人： Jorg Bonitz , Robert Entenmann , Rochus Knab , Bernhard Miller , Siegfried Rohde , Herbert Schramm , Walter Viess
IPC分类号： G06F9/48 , F02B1/04 , F02D41/26 , F02P5/15 , G06F15/78 , G06F9/22 , G05D13/02 , G06F15/00
CPC分类号： F02P5/1502 , F02D41/263 , F02D41/266 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/46
摘要： Control of a microcomputer performing a wide variety of functions in a motor vehicle in which the sequences of input and output signals intersect in time, instead of being performed by an elaborate input/output unit, is performed in the microcomputer itself with the help of a timing signal generator operating at a sub-multiple of the microcomputer clock frequency and producing a sequence of timing signals, each of which serve as an interrupt signal to the microprocessor of the microcomputer to initiate an interrupt program for scanning inputs and preparing outputs. After this short interrupt program, the main program is resumed. In the interrupt program each of a number of registers, respectively serving separate inputs or outputs, are decremented or incremented, having been set at particular values at the beginning of each interrupt program. Some registers are set at two different values in alternation in succeeding interrupt intervals. Engine speed determination is produced by counting the number of interrupt signals during the passage of a prolonged signal representing a certain angle of shaft rotation. The frequency of timing signals is varied in steps in accordance with engine speed.
摘要翻译：在微型计算机本身中借助于在微机本身中执行在机动车辆中执行输入和输出信号的顺序在时间上交叉而不是由精心设计的输入/输出单元执行的多种功能的微型计算机的控制定时信号发生器以微计算机时钟频率的倍数工作，并产生一系列定时信号，每个定时信号用作微处理器的微处理器的中断信号，以启动用于扫描输入和准备输出的中断程序。在这个短暂的中断程序之后，主程序被恢复。在中断程序中，分别提供分开的输入或输出的多个寄存器中的每一个被递减或递增，已被设置在每个中断程序的开始处的特定值。一些寄存器在后续中断间隔中交替设置为两个不同的值。发动机转速的确定是通过在表示一定角度的轴旋转的长时间信号通过期间对中断信号的数目进行计数而产生的。定时信号的频率根据发动机转速逐步变化。

28. 发明授权

US4735461A Failsafing means for an anti-skid system 失效
标题翻译：防范意味着防滑系统
公开(公告)号：US4735461A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-05
申请号：US40903
申请日：1987-04-21
申请人： Hubert Moller , Herbert Schramm , Dieter Worner
发明人： Hubert Moller , Herbert Schramm , Dieter Worner
IPC分类号： B60T8/88 , B60T8/176 , B60T8/96 , B60T8/32 , B60T13/00
CPC分类号： B60T8/96 , Y10S303/09
摘要： A failsafing device is proposed for an anti-skid system of a tractor-trailer combination. If the trailer anti-skid system fails at the rear axle, instead of shutting off the entire anti-skid system of the trailer, the anti-skid control at the front axle of the trailer is maintained. '
摘要翻译：提出了一种用于拖拉机 - 拖车组合的防滑系统的故障装置。如果拖车防滑系统在后桥故障，而不是关闭拖车的整个防滑系统，则保持拖车前轴处的防滑控制。

29. 发明授权

US06324447B1 Process and device for stabilizing a vehicle on the basis of a determined torsional value 失效
标题翻译：基于确定的扭转值来稳定车辆的过程和装置
公开(公告)号：US06324447B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-27
申请号：US09486347
申请日：2000-06-02
申请人： Herbert Schramm , Ian Faye
发明人： Herbert Schramm , Ian Faye
IPC分类号： G06F1700
CPC分类号： B60T8/17554 , B60G2400/63 , B60G2800/0124 , B60G2800/215 , B60G2800/702 , B60G2800/922 , B60T2230/03
摘要： A method for stabilizing a vehicle to avoid at least one of a vehicle rolling over about a vehicle axis oriented in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and the vehicle sliding in the transverse direction. The method determines at least one of a torsion variable that corresponds to how the vehicle behaves in reaction to a force acting on the vehicle about the vehicle axis oriented in the vehicle's longitudinal direction, and a load-shift variable that corresponds to how the vehicle load behaves in reaction to a force acting upon the vehicle. The method determines a vehicle speed and also determines at least one threshold value for the vehicle speed based on the torsion variable and the load-shift variable. The vehicle speed and the at least one threshold value are then compared, and interventions (or measures) are taken to stabilize the vehicle based on the comparison.
摘要翻译：一种用于使车辆稳定以避免车辆在车辆纵向方向上定向的车辆中的至少一个车辆和沿横向滑动的车辆的方法。该方法确定对应于车辆行驶方向中的至少一个，该扭转变量与车辆沿车辆纵向取向的车辆轴线作用在作用于车辆上的力的作用相反应，以及对应于车辆载荷如何的载荷移动变量表现为对作用在车辆上的力的反应。该方法确定车辆速度并且还基于扭转变量和负载偏移变量确定车辆速度的至少一个阈值。然后比较车辆速度和至少一个阈值，并且基于比较来采取干预（或措施）来稳定车辆。

30. 发明授权

US06253123B1 Process and device for stabilizing a vehicle depending on the speed of the vehicle 有权
标题翻译：用于根据车辆速度来稳定车辆的过程和装置
公开(公告)号：US06253123B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-26
申请号：US09486145
申请日：2000-05-18
申请人： Herbert Schramm , Ian Faye
发明人： Herbert Schramm , Ian Faye
IPC分类号： G06F1700
CPC分类号： B60T8/17554 , B60G2300/36 , B60G2400/0523 , B60G2400/104 , B60G2400/208 , B60G2400/39 , B60G2400/41 , B60G2400/60 , B60G2400/822 , B60G2600/02 , B60G2800/012 , B60G2800/70 , B60G2800/92 , B60G2800/93 , B60G2800/97 , B60T8/243 , B60T8/246 , B60T2230/03
摘要： A method for stabilizing a vehicle that avoids one of a vehicle rolling over with respect to a vehicle axis oriented in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the vehicle skidding in a transverse direction. The method determines a vehicle speed and at least two limit values for the vehicle speed, and selects one of the limit values as a reference quantity. In particular, the limit value with the smaller value may be selected as the reference quantity. The method also compares a speed quantity and the reference quantity, and implements measures to stabilize the vehicle based on the comparison. In particular, if the speed quantity is greater than the reference quantity, then the vehicle speed is reduced by intervening in at least one of a retarder operation, an engine operation and a braking operation until the speed quantity is reduced below the reference quantity.
摘要翻译：一种用于使车辆稳定的方法，其避免车辆相对于在车辆的纵向方向上定向的车辆轴线翻转，并且车辆在横向方向上打滑。该方法确定车速和车速的至少两个极限值，并且将极限值之一选择为参考量。特别地，可以选择具有较小值的极限值作为参考量。该方法还比较速度量和参考量，并且基于比较来实施稳定车辆的措施。特别地，如果速度量大于参考量，则通过介入减速器操作，发动机操作和制动操作中的至少一个来减小车速，直到速度量减小到低于参考量。

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