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11. 发明授权

US5598387A High-density optical data storage unit and method for writing and reading information 失效
标题翻译：高密度光学数据存储单元和信息读写方法
公开(公告)号：US5598387A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-28
申请号：US484245
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： G11B7/00 , G11B7/004 , G11B7/0055 , G11B7/12 , G11B7/14 , G11B9/00 , G11B11/03 , G11B11/08 , G11B11/18 , G11B13/06 , G11B7/135
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , G11B11/03 , G11B11/18 , G11B13/06 , G11B7/00 , G11B7/124 , G11B7/14 , G11B9/1418
摘要： This high-density optical data storage unit comprises a storage medium supported on a mechanically stable substrate, and a read/write arrangement employing a plurality of laser light sources and an interrogation light source. The laser light sources are designed as laser diodes attached to a substrate and optically aligned with an equal plurality of microlenses integrated in a first transparent layer. The read/write arrangement further comprises at least one second transparent layer, and an optional semitransparent conductive coating, said layer or said coating carrying a plurality of particulate protrusions which are also aligned with said diodes and said microlenses, said storage medium and said read/write arrangement being maintained in a mutually parallel alignment with a gap in between having a width of less than 100 nm. The protrusions in combination with the laser light sources produce dints in the medium which are representative of the data to be stored. The data is read by using the interrogation light source to produce light which is scattered by the dints and is then detected by the diodes.
摘要翻译：该高密度光学数据存储单元包括支撑在机械稳定的基板上的存储介质，以及采用多个激光光源和询问光源的读/写装置。激光源被设计为附接到衬底并与集成在第一透明层中的相等的多个微透镜光学对准的激光二极管。读/写布置还包括至少一个第二透明层和可选的半透明导电涂层，所述层或所述涂层承载多个微粒突起，其也与所述二极管和所述微透镜对准，所述存储介质和所述读/ 写入布置被保持在彼此平行的对准中，其间具有小于100nm的宽度的间隙。与激光光源组合的突起在介质中产生代表要存储的数据的色调。通过使用询问光源读取数据以产生被色调散射的光，然后由二极管检测。

12. 发明授权

US4985627A Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope 失效
标题翻译：自旋极化扫描隧道显微镜
公开(公告)号：US4985627A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-15
申请号：US391908
申请日：1989-08-10
申请人： Santos F. A. Gutierrez , Alexis Baratoff , Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： Santos F. A. Gutierrez , Alexis Baratoff , Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： G01R33/032 , G01N27/00 , G01N27/72 , G01N37/00 , G01Q10/00 , G01Q30/02 , G01Q60/16 , G01Q60/56 , G01Q70/14 , G01R33/10 , H01J37/26 , H01J37/28
CPC分类号： G01Q60/16 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q60/56 , Y10S977/86 , Y10S977/861
摘要： In a scanning tunneling microscope, the tunnel tip comprises an optically transparent body coated with a semiconductor layer, such as a GaAs layer. A sample being investigated comprises a magnetic material. Tunnel microscope operation permits investigation of the magnetic properties at or near the surface of the sample where a spin-polarized beam of light impinges upon the sample surface, through the transparent body of the tunnel tip, or after traveling through the sample, or when made to impinge upon the surface at an angle of incidence from an axis normal to the sample surface. In addition to conventional scanning tunneling microscope electronics, an oscillator-controlled phase-sensitive detector or gating means and a display unit are provided for direct viewing of the magnetic properties and the topography of the sample.

13. 发明授权

US4918309A Method for investigating surfaces at nanometer and picosecond resolution and laser-sampled scanning tunneling microscope for performing said method 失效
标题翻译：用于研究纳米和皮秒分辨率的表面的方法和用于执行所述方法的激光取样扫描隧道显微镜
公开(公告)号：US4918309A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-17
申请号：US209403
申请日：1988-06-20
申请人： Johannes G. Beha , Armin U. Blacha , Rolf Clauberg , Rolf B. Moeller , Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： Johannes G. Beha , Armin U. Blacha , Rolf Clauberg , Rolf B. Moeller , Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： H01J37/00 , G01B7/34 , G01N23/00 , G01N23/227 , G01N37/00 , G01Q10/00 , G01Q20/00 , G01Q20/02 , G01Q60/10 , G01Q60/12 , G01Q60/16
CPC分类号： G01Q60/12 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q60/16 , Y10S977/861 , Y10S977/868
摘要： For observing material structures and/or dynamic processes at surfaces, the known scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is combined with a photoexcitation process leading to photon-assisted tunneling. Thereby, the very fine spatial resolution of the STM is combined with the picosecond or even femtosecond time resolution of laser pulses. The tunnel tip of a scanning tunneling microscope is positioned at tunnel distance with respect to the surface of the sample to be investigated, with an appropriate potential applied across the gap between the tunnel tip and the sample. The tunneling current is gated by means of at least one pulsed laser beam directed at the tuneling region and/or at the tunnel tip.

14. 发明授权

US5619600A Near-field photon tunneling devices using liquid metal 失效
标题翻译：使用液态金属的近场光子隧道装置
公开(公告)号：US5619600A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US140800
申请日：1993-10-21
申请人： Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： G02B6/26 , G02B6/28 , G02B6/35 , G02B6/36
CPC分类号： G02B6/3502 , G02B6/264 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/3556 , G02B6/3576 , G02B6/3578
摘要： A near-field photon tunneling device consisting of a plurality of optical waveguides, such as optical fibers, arranged in juxtaposition with a variable tunnel gap through which photons from at least one of said optical fibers can be caused to tunnel, and wherein the tunnel gap is filled with a metal that is liquid at room temperature or at moderately elevated temperature. The width of the tunnel gap and the corresponding thickness of the liquid metal layer is remotely controllable. The control mechanisms for the width of the gap include optical means, piezo-electric elements and temperature sensitive means. The devices include optical couplers of the head-on and side-on types, optical modulators and switches, as well as display units.
摘要翻译：一种近场光子隧穿装置，包括多个光波导（例如光纤），其布置成与可变的隧道间隙并置，通过该可变隧道间隙可以使来自至少一个所述光纤的光子隧穿，并且其中隧道间隙填充有在室温或适度升高的温度下为液体的金属。隧道间隙的宽度和液态金属层的相应厚度是可远程控制的。间隙宽度的控制机构包括光学装置，压电元件和温度敏感装置。这些器件包括正面和侧面类型的光耦合器，光学调制器和开关以及显示单元。

15. 发明授权

US4831614A Direct access storage unit using tunneling current techniques 失效
标题翻译：直接存取存储单元采用隧道技术
公开(公告)号：US4831614A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-16
申请号：US25432
申请日：1987-03-13
申请人： Urs T. Duerig , James K. Gimzewski , Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： Urs T. Duerig , James K. Gimzewski , Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： G01B7/34 , G01B21/30 , G01Q20/04 , G01Q80/00 , G11B9/00 , G11B9/08 , G11B9/14 , G11B17/34 , G11B19/20 , G11B21/00 , G11B25/04
CPC分类号： G11B21/00 , G11B17/34 , G11B19/20 , G11B25/043 , G11B9/08 , G11B9/14 , G11B9/1436 , G11B9/1472 , B82Y10/00 , G01Q80/00 , Y10S977/947
摘要： The storage unit comprises an array of tunnel tips (13) arranged at tunneling distance from a recording surface (2a) of a storage medium (2) which is capable of permitting digital information to be written or read through variations of the tunneling current. The storage medium (2) is attached to the free end of a piezoceramic bendable tube (3). In operation, the free end of the tube (3) is moved in a circular orbit by repetitive sequential energization of oppositely arranged pairs of 90.degree. phase shifted electrodes (4,6 and 5,7). This tube movement causes each tunnel tip (13) to scan a respective unique associated annular area of the storage medium (2). To address a particular concentric track in a particular annular area, tunneling current is applied to the associated tip (13) via respective electrodes (16,18) while, concurrently, a potential is applied via electrodes (4,6 and 5,7) to tube (3) of a magnitude corresponding to the desired orbital diameter for the tube.
摘要翻译：存储单元包括布置在距离存储介质（2）的记录表面（2a）的隧道距离处的隧道尖端（13）的阵列，其能够允许通过隧道电流的变化来写入或读取数字信息。存储介质（2）附接到压电陶瓷可弯曲管（3）的自由端。在操作中，管（3）的自由端通过相对布置的90度相移电极对（4,6和5,7）的重复连续激励而在圆形轨道中移动。该管移动使得每个隧道尖端（13）扫描存储介质（2）的相应独特的相关联的环形区域。为了寻址特定环形区域中的特定同心轨道，通过相应电极（16,18）将隧穿电流施加到相关联的尖端（13），同时通过电极（4,6和5,7）施加电位，到管（3），其大小对应于管的期望的轨道直径。

16. 发明授权

US4520570A Piezoelectric x-y-positioner 失效
标题翻译：压电x-y定位器
公开(公告)号：US4520570A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-04
申请号：US567306
申请日：1983-12-30
申请人： Johannes G. Bednorz , Ralph L. Hollis, Jr. , Martin Lanz , Wolfgang D. Pohl , Celia E. Yeack-Scranton
发明人： Johannes G. Bednorz , Ralph L. Hollis, Jr. , Martin Lanz , Wolfgang D. Pohl , Celia E. Yeack-Scranton
IPC分类号： H01J37/20 , B23Q1/36 , G02B21/00 , G02B21/26 , G03F7/20 , G12B1/00 , H01L41/09 , G01B5/00
CPC分类号： B23Q1/36 , G02B21/002 , G02B21/26 , G03F7/70691 , G12B1/00 , H01L41/0946 , H02N2/028 , B82Y35/00
摘要： The positioner comprises a fixed frame (1) from which extends a first pair of parallel piezoelectric benders ("bimorphs") (2, 3) which carry an intermediate frame (4). Actuation of the bimorphs (2, 3) causes lateral translation of the intermediate frame (4) with respect to the fixed frame with the bimorphs (2, 3) forming the flexible sides of a parallelogram.Attached to the intermediate frame (4) is a second pair of bimorphs (12, 13) which extend in a direction orthogonal to the direction of the first pair of bimorphs (2, 3) thus permitting a support frame (14) to exercise a deflection in a direction orthogonal with respect to the movement of the intermediate frame (4).The bimorphs used consist of one or two piezoelectric elements carrying two or more electrodes on either side the proper actuation of which causes the benders to bend with parallel end surfaces at all times.
摘要翻译：定位器包括一个固定框架（1），该固定框架（1）从第一对平行的压电弯曲器（“双压电晶片”）（2,3）延伸出一个中间框架（4）。双压电晶片（2,3）的致动导致中间框架（4）相对于固定框架的横向平移，双面压模（2,3）形成平行四边形的柔性边。连接到中间框架（4）的是第二对双晶片（12,13），其沿与第一对双压电晶片（2,3）的方向正交的方向延伸，从而允许支撑框架（14）运动在相对于中间框架（4）的运动正交的方向上的偏转。使用的双压电晶片由一个或两个压电元件组成，两个或两个以上的电极在其任一侧承载，其正确的致动导致弯曲器随时平行的端面弯曲。

17. 发明授权

US5025147A Sensor for converting a distance to optical and further to electrical energy, and surface scanning apparatus using same 失效
标题翻译：用于将距离转换为光学和进一步电能的传感器以及使用其的表面扫描装置
公开(公告)号：US5025147A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-18
申请号：US247706
申请日：1988-09-22
申请人： Urs T. Durig , Ulrich C. Fischer , Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： Urs T. Durig , Ulrich C. Fischer , Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： G01B11/00 , G01B11/30 , G01Q10/00 , G01Q20/02 , G01Q60/18 , G01Q60/22 , G11B5/60 , G11B9/00 , G11B11/00 , G11B11/105 , G11B21/20
CPC分类号： G01B11/306 , B82Y20/00 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q20/02 , G01Q60/22 , G11B11/00 , G11B11/10532 , G11B21/20 , G11B5/6005 , B82Y10/00 , G11B9/1409
摘要： In an apparatus for sensing a distance between a sensor and a surface of a body being measured, a sensor body of the sensor is formed as a light waveguide for laser light. A light exit site for light diffracted within the sensor body is located at a surface thereof which faces away from the measured body. A detection particle is located at the surface of the sensor body, which faces the measured body. The detection particle has a substantially convex and rounded off form and a major dimension which is smaller than the wavelength of the light. The measured body is located in the optical near field of the detection particle. A detector device converts the optical energy of the diffracted light into an electrical detector signal. A continuous thin film is provided as a coating on the sensor. It substantially covers the detection particle and at least a part of the surface of the sensor body in the vicinity of the detection particle. The film has a thickness which is smaller than one half of a predetermined wavelength. The sensor is used to finally convert a distance value into an electrical value.

18. 发明授权

US4853810A Method and apparatus for controlling the flying height of the head in a magnetic storage unit 失效
标题翻译：用于控制磁存储单元中磁头的飞行高度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4853810A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-01
申请号：US124137
申请日：1987-11-23
申请人： Wolfgang D. Pohl , James K. Gimzewski , Paul R. Muralt
发明人： Wolfgang D. Pohl , James K. Gimzewski , Paul R. Muralt
IPC分类号： G11B5/60 , G11B21/21
CPC分类号： G11B5/6005
摘要： The method involves the steps of moving the magnetic head (8) to within aerodynamic distance from the electrically conductive surface (16) of rotating magnetic recording disk, further positioning of the head (8) until a tunnel current occurs across the gap between the head (8) and surface (16), and maintaining said tunnel current constant by using the deviations of the current from a predetermined value corresponding to a certain flying height.The apparatus comprises a tunnel electrode (9) forming an integral part of the head assembly which is attached to a distance control mechanism (5) permitting the positioning of the head assembly with a one-nanometer accuracy. The tunnel electrode (9) has a very slightly beveled shoulder (45, 47) ensuring early detection of asperities approaching the head. Gradation of the potential between tunnel electrode (9) and surface (16) of the recording disk (3) is used to enhance the response to asperities.
摘要翻译：该方法包括以下步骤：将磁头（8）移动到与旋转的磁记录盘的导电表面（16）的空气动力学距离内，头部（8）的进一步定位直到在头部之间的间隙（8）和表面（16），并且通过使用电流与对应于一定飞行高度的预定值的偏差来保持所述隧道电流恒定。该装置包括形成头部组件的整体部分的隧道电极（9），其连接到距离控制机构（5），允许以一纳米精度定位头部组件。隧道电极（9）具有非常轻微的倾斜的肩部（45,47），以确保早期发现接近头部的凹凸。隧道电极（9）与记录盘（3）的表面（16）之间的电位梯度被用于增强对粗糙度的响应。

19. 发明授权

US4806755A Micromechanical atomic force sensor head 失效
标题翻译：微机械原子力传感器头
公开(公告)号：US4806755A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-21
申请号：US103993
申请日：1987-10-01
申请人： Urs T. Duerig , James K. Gimewski , Johann Greschner , Wolfgang D. Pohl , Olaf Wolter
发明人： Urs T. Duerig , James K. Gimewski , Johann Greschner , Wolfgang D. Pohl , Olaf Wolter
IPC分类号： G01B7/34 , G01B7/00 , G01B21/30 , G01D5/04 , G01L1/00 , G01L1/04 , G01N13/00 , G01N23/00 , G01N37/00 , G01Q20/04 , G01Q40/00 , G01Q60/38 , G01Q70/14 , H01J37/26 , H01J37/28
CPC分类号： G01Q60/38 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q20/04 , Y10S977/863
摘要： The micromechanical sensor head is designed to measure forces down to 10.sup.-13 N. It comprises a common base from which a cantilever beam and a beam member extend in parallel. The cantilever beam carries a sharply pointed tip of a hard material, dielectric or not, for interaction with the surface of a sample to be investigated. Bulges forming a tunneling junction protrude from facing surfaces of said beams, the gap between said bulges being adjustable by means of electrostatic forces generated by a potential (V.sub.d) applied to a pair of electrodes respectively coated onto parallel surface of said beams. The sensor head consists of one single piece of semiconductor material, such as silicon or gallium arsenide (or any other compounds thereof) which is fabricated to the dimensions required for the application by means of conventional semiconductor chip manufacturing techniques.

20. 发明授权

US4684206A Light waveguide with a submicron aperture, method for manufacturing the waveguide and application of the waveguide in an optical memory 失效
标题翻译：具有亚微米孔径的光波导，用于制造波导的方法和波导在光学存储器中的应用
公开(公告)号：US4684206A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US563715
申请日：1983-12-20
申请人： Johannes G. Bednorz , Winfried Denk , Martin Lanz , Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： Johannes G. Bednorz , Winfried Denk , Martin Lanz , Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G01Q80/00 , G01Q90/00 , G02B6/02 , G02B27/00 , G11B7/08 , G11B7/135 , G11B7/22 , H01S5/10 , G02B6/10 , B23P15/00 , B29D11/00
CPC分类号： G02B6/02 , G11B7/08 , G11B7/1387 , H01S5/10 , G01Q80/00
摘要： This light waveguide consists of an optically transparent body cut at one end to a sharp tip and polished optically flat at the other end. A metallization layer on its surface is thick enough to be opaque. By pressing the waveguide against a rigid plate the metallization is plastically deformed so as to expose a tiny aperture at the tip of the body through which light can pass. By carefully controlling the deformation of the metallization the diameter of the aperture can be kept between 10 and 500 nm. The waveguide can be incorporated in a semiconductor laser of a read/write head used in an optical storage device.
摘要翻译：该光波导由在一端切割成尖锐的光学透明体并在另一端光学平坦地抛光。其表面上的金属化层足够厚以使其不透明。通过将波导压靠在刚性板上，金属化被塑性变形，以便暴露出能够通过光的身体的尖端处的微小孔。通过仔细地控制金属化的变形，孔的直径可以保持在10和500nm之间。波导可以结合在光存储器件中使用的读/写头的半导体激光器中。

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