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1. 发明申请

WO1998002643A1 MICROTURBOMACHINERY 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO1998002643A1
公开(公告)日：1998-01-22
申请号：PCT/US1997012137
申请日：1997-07-14
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
发明人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , EPSTEIN, Alan, H. , SENTURIA, Stephen, D. , WAITZ, Ian, A. , LANG, Jeffrey, H. , JACOBSON, Stuart, A. , EHRICH, Fredric, F. , SCHMIDT, Martin, A. , ANANTHASURESH, G., K. , SPEARING, Mark, S. , BREUER, Kenneth, S. , NAGLE, Steven, F.
IPC分类号： F01D05/28
CPC分类号： F23R3/42 , F01D5/28 , F01D15/06 , F01D25/20 , F01K13/00 , F02C3/05 , F02K9/48 , F05D2220/50 , F05D2230/14 , F05D2250/82 , F05D2250/84 , F05D2300/2261 , F05D2300/2283 , F05D2300/607 , F23C2900/03001
摘要： The invention provides a micro-gas turbine engine and associated microcomponentry. The engine components, including, e.g., a compressor, a diffuser having diffuser vanes, a combustion chamber, turbine guide vanes, and a turbine are each manufactured by, e.g., microfabrication techniques, of a structural material that can be common to all of the elements, e.g., a microelectronic material such as silicon or silicon carbide. Vapor deposition techniques, as well as bulk wafer etching techniques, can be employed to produce the engine. The engine includes a rotor having a shaft with a substantially untapered compressor disk on a first end, defining a centrifugal compressor, and a substantially untapered turbine disk on the opposite end, defining a radial inflow turbine. The rotor is preferably formed of a material characterized by a strength-to-density ratio that enables a rotor speed of at least about 500,000 rotations per minute. An annular, axial-flow combustion chamber is provided that is located axially between the compressor and turbine disks and that has a ratio of annular height to axial length of at least about 0.5. The micro-gas turbine engine can be configured with an integral microgenerator as a source of electrical power, and can be employed for a wide range of power, propulsion, and thermodynamic cycle applications.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种微型燃气涡轮发动机和相关的微型部件。包括例如压缩机，具有扩散器叶片的扩散器，燃烧室，涡轮引导叶片和涡轮机的发动机部件各自通过例如微细加工技术来制造，所述结构材料可以是所有的元件，例如微电子材料，例如硅或碳化硅。可以采用气相沉积技术以及体晶片蚀刻技术来制造发动机。发动机包括具有轴的转子，其具有在第一端上具有基本上未经紧固的压缩机盘，限定离心压缩机的轴和在相对端上的基本上未配套的涡轮盘，限定径向流入涡轮机。转子优选地由特征在于强度与密度之比的材料形成，其能够使转子速度为每分钟至少大约50万转。提供了一种环形的轴向流动燃烧室，其轴向位于压缩机和涡轮盘之间，并且具有至少约0.5的环形高度与轴向长度的比率。微型燃气涡轮发动机可以配置有一个整体的微型发电机作为电力来源，并且可以用于广泛的动力，推进和热循环应用。

2. 发明申请

WO2004087283A1 FLUID SEPARATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：流体分离
公开(公告)号：WO2004087283A1
公开(公告)日：2004-10-14
申请号：PCT/US2004/009451
申请日：2004-03-25
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , GUENTHER, Axel , JENSEN, Klavs, F. , JHUNJHUNWALA, Manish , SCHMIDT, Martin, A.
发明人： GUENTHER, Axel , JENSEN, Klavs, F. , JHUNJHUNWALA, Manish , SCHMIDT, Martin, A.
IPC分类号： B01D11/00
CPC分类号： B01L3/502784 , B01D17/045 , B01D17/048 , B01F5/0646 , B01F5/0647 , B01F13/0059 , B01F13/0222 , B01L3/502723 , B01L3/50273 , B01L3/502738 , B01L3/502753 , B01L2200/0673 , B01L2200/0684 , B01L2300/0816 , B01L2300/0864 , B01L2300/161 , B01L2300/165 , B01L2400/0406 , B01L2400/0487 , B01L2400/0694 , F16K99/0001 , F16K99/0017 , F16K99/0057 , F16K2099/0074 , F16K2099/0078 , F16K2099/0084 , Y10T436/25375
摘要： A method of separating a first fluid from a second fluid may include prewetting with the first fluid at least one channel defined by a separation device, the at least one channel thereby containing a column of the first fluid along its length. A combined flow of the first fluid and the second fluid may be presented to the separation device, so that the at least one channel is in fluid communication with the combined flow. Fluid pressure may be applied across the combined flow and the separation device, but the applied pressure should not exceed the capillary pressure in the at least one channel. Otherwise, the combined flow may be forced through the separation device. In this manner, the first fluid flows through the at least one channel, and the second fluid is excluded from the at least one channel, thereby separating at least a portion of the first fluid from the second fluid.
摘要翻译：从第二流体分离第一流体的方法可以包括用第一流体预润湿由分离装置限定的至少一个通道，因此至少一个通道沿其长度包含第一流体的柱。可以将第一流体和第二流体的组合流体提供给分离装置，使得至少一个通道与组合流体流体连通。流体压力可以跨过组合的流量和分离装置施加，但施加的压力不应超过至少一个通道中的毛细管压力。否则，组合的流动可能被迫通过分离装置。以这种方式，第一流体流过至少一个通道，并且第二流体从至少一个通道排除，从而将第一流体的至少一部分与第二流体分离。

3. 发明申请

WO2003093406A2 MICROFERMENTORS FOR RAPID SCREENING AND ANALYSIS OF BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES 审中-公开
标题翻译：微生物快速筛选和生物化学过程分析
公开(公告)号：WO2003093406A2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-13
申请号：PCT/US2003/013479
申请日：2003-05-01
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
发明人： ZANZOTTO, Andrea , JENSEN, Klavs, F. , SINSKEY, Anthony, J. , SCHMIDT, Martin, A. , LAIBINIS, Paul , RAM, Rajeev, J. , SZITA, Nicolas
IPC分类号： C12M
CPC分类号： G01N21/648 , B01J2219/00283 , B01J2219/00317 , B01J2219/00479 , B01J2219/00481 , B01J2219/00484 , B01J2219/00495 , B01J2219/00585 , B01J2219/00599 , B01J2219/00691 , B01J2219/00743 , B01L3/5027 , B01L2200/027 , B01L2200/10 , B01L2300/0816 , B01L2300/0822 , B01L2300/0867 , B01L2300/10 , C12M23/16 , C12M23/58 , C12M29/04 , C12M29/10 , G01N21/31 , G01N21/6408 , G01N21/6428 , G01N21/6452 , G01N21/7703 , G01N35/0099 , G01N2021/6484 , G01N2021/7783 , G01N2021/7786
摘要： The present invention provides a variety of microscale bioreactors (microfermentors) and microscale bioreactor arrays for use in culturing cells. The microfermentors include a vessel for culturing cells and means for providing oxygen to the interior of the vessel at a concentration sufficient to support cell growth, e.g., growth of bacterial cells. Depending on the embodiment, the microfermentor vessel may have various interior volumes less than approximately 1 ml. The microfermentors may include an aeration membrane and optionally a variety of sensing devices. The invention further provides a chamber to contain the microfermentors and microfermentor arrays and to provide environmental control. Certain of the microfermentors include a second chamber that may be used, e.g., to provide oxygen, nutrients, pH control, etc., to the culture vessel and/or to remove metabolites, etc. Various methods of using the microfermentors, e.g., to select optimum cell strains or bioprocess parameters are provided.
摘要翻译：本发明提供用于培养细胞的各种微量生物反应器（微发酵器）和微生物生物反应器阵列。微发酵器包括用于培养细胞的容器和用于以足以支持细胞生长（例如细菌细胞生长）的浓度向容器内部提供氧气的装置。根据实施方案，微发酵罐容器可以具有小于约1ml的各种内部容积。微发酵器可以包括曝气膜和任选的各种感测装置。本发明进一步提供了容纳微发射体和微发光体阵列并提供环境控制的腔室。某些微发酵器包括第二室，其可以用于例如向培养容器提供氧气，营养物质，pH控制等，和/或去除代谢物等。使用微发酵器的各种方法，例如，选择最佳细胞株或生物过程参数。

4. 发明申请

WO2009120394A3 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING STRUCTURES OF POLYMER NANOBEADS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2009120394A3
公开(公告)日：2009-10-01
申请号：PCT/US2009/030151
申请日：2009-01-05
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , BULOVIC, Vladimir , CHAPARALA, Murali , CHEN, Jianglong , LAM, Eric, Wing-jing , LEBLANC, Valerie , SCHMIDT, Martin, A.
发明人： BULOVIC, Vladimir , CHAPARALA, Murali , CHEN, Jianglong , LAM, Eric, Wing-jing , LEBLANC, Valerie , SCHMIDT, Martin, A.
IPC分类号： B82B3/00 , B28B1/00
摘要： The disclosure relates to providing printed structures of polymer that have substantially flat printed surfaces. In one embodiment, the disclosure relates to a post-printing treatment apparatus for receiving a substrate supporting a polymer printing thereon. The polymer can be PMMA or other suitable polymer. In a related embodiment, the polymer defines a thermoplastic polymer having a glass transition temperature. The apparatus can comprise of a chamber, and input manifold, an exhaust manifold, a solvent reservoir and a gas reservoir. The solvent reservoir provides one or more solvent systems adapted to chemically bind, and potentially react, with the polymer. The gas reservoir provides one or more gases for drying the substrate and printed polymer after the solvent treatment step. In one application, a substrate having printed surface thereon is placed in the chamber and exposed to the solvent system for sufficient period of time to provide substantially flat print surfaces.

5. 发明申请

WO2003013729A2 THERMALLY EFFICIENT MICROMACHINED DEVICE 审中-公开
标题翻译：热效微机器装置
公开(公告)号：WO2003013729A2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-20
申请号：PCT/US2002/023305
申请日：2002-07-23
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , ARANA, Leonel, R. , FRANZ, Aleksander, J. , JENSEN, Klavs, F. , SCHAEVITZ, Samuel, B. , SCHMIDT, Martin, A.
发明人： ARANA, Leonel, R. , FRANZ, Aleksander, J. , JENSEN, Klavs, F. , SCHAEVITZ, Samuel, B. , SCHMIDT, Martin, A.
IPC分类号： B01L
CPC分类号： B01F5/0618 , B01F13/0059 , B01F2005/0621 , B01F2005/0636 , B01J19/0093 , B01J23/468 , B01J35/04 , B01J2219/00783 , B01J2219/00828 , B01J2219/00835 , B01J2219/0086 , B01J2219/00873 , B01J2219/00889 , B01L3/5027 , B01L2200/14 , B01L2300/1805 , B01L2300/1883 , C01B3/047 , C01B3/323 , C01B3/386 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/1223 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1282 , F28F3/12 , F28F2260/02 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/0606 , H01M2250/405 , Y02B90/16 , Y02E60/364 , Y02P20/128 , Y02P20/52
摘要： A micromachined device for efficient thermal processing at least one fluid stream includes at least one fluid conducting tube having at least a region with wall thickness of less than 50μ. The device optionally includes one or more thermally conductive structures in thermal communication with first and second thermally insulating portions of the fluid conducting tube. The device also may include a thermally conductive region, and at least a portion of the fluid conducting tube is disposed within the region. A plurality of structures may be provided projecting from a wall of the fluid conducting tube into an inner volume of the tube. The structures enhance thermal conduction between a fluid within the tube and a wall of the tube. A method for fabricating, from a substrate, a micromachined device for processing a fluid stream allows the selective removal of portions of the substrate to provide desired structures integrated within the device. As an example, the micromachined device may be adapted to efficiently react fluid reactants to produce fuel for a fuel cell associated with the device, resulting in a system capable of conversion of chemical to electrical energy.
摘要翻译：用于有效热处理至少一种流体流的微机械装置包括至少一个流体传导管，该流体传导管具有至少一个壁厚小于50μ的区域。该装置可选地包括与流体传导管的第一和第二热绝缘部分热连通的一个或多个导热结构。该装置还可以包括导热区域，并且流体传导管的至少一部分设置在该区域内。多个结构可以设置成从流体传导管的壁突出到管的内部容积中。该结构增强了管内流体和管壁之间的热传导。用于从基底制造用于处理流体流的微机械装置的方法允许选择性去除基底的部分以提供集成在装置内的期望的结构。作为示例，微机械装置可以适于有效地使流体反应物反应以产生与该装置相关的燃料电池的燃料，从而导致能够将化学物质转化为电能的系统。

6. 发明申请

WO1988005166A1 TURBULENT SHEAR FORCE MICROSENSOR 审中-公开
标题翻译： TURBULENT SHEAR力量微型传感器
公开(公告)号：WO1988005166A1
公开(公告)日：1988-07-14
申请号：PCT/US1988000044
申请日：1988-01-07
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
发明人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , HARITONIDIS, Joseph, H. , HOWE, Roger, T. , SCHMIDT, Martin, A. , SENTURIA, Stephen, D.
IPC分类号： G01N13/00
CPC分类号： G01N13/00
摘要： A microbridge is used for the accurate measuring of time varying shear forces in the presence of fluctuating pressure. A microdimensioned plate (14) is suspended by arms (16) to form a microbridge. The microdimensions enable the smallest turbulence scales of interest to be sensed uniformally throughout the entire surface of the plate (14). The cavity (21) beneath the microbridge is so small that a viscous drag is created in the air within the cavity and dampens normal movement of the plate. The microdimensions in conjunction with the damping effect of the cavity enable the sensor to be substantially insensitive to pressure and thus sense lateral forces independent of normal forces. The microbridge sensor is fabricated by surface micromachining. A sacrificial layer is deposited over a substrate. A structural layer is deposited and patterned to form the plate and support arms over the sacrificial layer. The cavity is formed by a selective etchant removing the sacrificial layer and leaving the rest of the microbridge structure suspended above the substrate. In a differential capacitance readout scheme, a conducting layer in the plate of the microbridge is capacitively coupled with conductors in the substrate. A sensed change in capacitive coupling generates an indication of plate deflection and thereby shear stress independent of vertical movement. Optical readout schemes may also be employed and are readily incorporated in the fabrication process. A mounting member presses the microbridge sensor into a holding plate which fits in a matching slot flush with the target wall.
摘要翻译：在存在波动压力的情况下，使用微桥来精确测量时变剪切力。微尺寸板（14）由臂（16）悬挂以形成微桥。微尺寸使得能够在板（14）的整个表面均匀地感测到感兴趣的最小湍流尺度。微桥下面的空腔（21）非常小，使得在空腔内的空气中产生粘性阻力并阻止板的正常运动。结合腔的阻尼效应的微尺寸使得传感器对压力基本上不敏感，并因此感测与法向力无关的侧向力。微桥传感器通过表面微加工制造。牺牲层沉积在衬底上。沉积并图案化结构层以在牺牲层上形成板和支撑臂。通过选择性蚀刻剂除去该牺牲层并使悬浮在衬底上方的微桥结构的其余部分形成空腔。在差分电容读出方案中，微桥板中的导电层与衬底中的导体电容耦合。感测到的电容耦合变化产生板偏转的指示，从而产生与垂直运动无关的剪切应力。也可以采用光学读出方案，并且容易地结合在制造工艺中。安装构件将微桥传感器压入保持板，该保持板适合与目标壁齐平的匹配槽。

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