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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Process for producing diol
    • 二醇生产方法
    • US4283579A
    • 1981-08-11
    • US72991
    • 1979-09-06
    • Yoshinori YoshidaHiroshi Oka
    • Yoshinori YoshidaHiroshi Oka
    • C07C27/00C07C27/02C07C29/09C07C29/128C07C29/80C07C31/20C07C33/035C07C67/00C07C67/03
    • C07C29/80C07C29/095C07C29/1285C07C67/03
    • A process for producing a diol by reacting an acetic ester of butanediol or butenediol with methanol, which comprises (a) continuously feeding to a first reaction-distilling column from its upper part a liquid acetic ester of butanediol or butenediol, while continuously feeding methanol to said column from its lower part, to bring both feeds into counter current gas-liquid contact in the presence of an acidic or a basic catalyst, to allow both feeds to react, and withdrawing from the bottom a bottom stream comprising a diol as major constituent, (b) continuously feeding to a hydrolyzer the distillate obtained from said first reaction-distilling column containing methyl acetate as major constituent, thus bringing said distillate into contact with water or steam in the presence of an acidic catalyst to hydrolyze the methyl acetate, (c) then continuously feeding the hydrolysis product thus obtained from the hydrolyzer to a second distilling column, withdrawing a methyl acetate-containing methanol stream from the top of said second distilling column, and recycling said stream to the lower part of the first reaction-distilling column. According to this process, it is possible to leave out the conventional complicated procedure necessary for the separation of methanol and, hence, to save the labor required therefor.
    • 一种通过使丁二醇或丁烯二醇的乙酸酯与甲醇反应来生产二醇的方法,该方法包括(a)从其上部连续向第一反应蒸馏塔中加入丁二醇或丁烯二醇的液体乙酸酯,同时连续地将甲醇加入到 所述柱从其下部分,在酸性或碱性催化剂的存在下将两种进料进入逆流气液接触,以允许两种进料反应,并从底部排出包含二醇作为主要成分的底部物流 ,(b)向水解器中连续地将由含有乙酸甲酯的第一反应 - 蒸馏塔获得的馏出物作为主要成分进料,由此在酸性催化剂的存在下使所述馏出物与水或蒸汽接触以水解乙酸甲酯( c)然后将由此获得的水解产物的水解产物连续地进料到第二蒸馏塔中,抽出含乙酸甲酯 甲醇流从所述第二蒸馏塔的顶部,并将所述物流再循环到第一反应蒸馏塔的下部。 根据该方法,可以省略分离甲醇所需的常规复杂程序,从而节省了所需的劳动。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Positive type radiation-sensitive resin composition comprising a
photosensitizer and a novolak resin
    • 包含光敏剂和酚醛清漆树脂的正型辐射敏感性树脂组合物
    • US5019479A
    • 1991-05-28
    • US373592
    • 1989-06-30
    • Hiroshi OkaChozo OkudaYoshinori YoshidaToshihiko TakahashiYoichi KamoshidaTakao Miura
    • Hiroshi OkaChozo OkudaYoshinori YoshidaToshihiko TakahashiYoichi KamoshidaTakao Miura
    • G03F7/023
    • G03F7/0236
    • A positive type radiation-sensitive resin composition comprising an alkali-soluble novolac resin and a 1,2-quinonediazide compound, characterized in that said alkali-soluble novolac resin is a resin produced by condensing a carbonyl compound and a phenol mixture comprising 6 to 94 mole % of m-cresol and 94 to 6 mole % of at least one compound represented by the formula (I) other than m-cresol: ##STR1## wherein X is --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, --C(CH.sub.3).sub.3, --CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 or --CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 ; n is an integer satisfying 3.gtoreq.m.gtoreq.1; and m is an integer satisfying 3.gtoreq.m.gtoreq.1, in which resin when the polystyrene-reduced molecular weight is determined by a gel permeation chromatography using a monodisperse polystyrene as the standard, maximum values a, b and c present, respectively, in the molecular weight ranges of 6,300 to 25,000, 2,500 to 6,000 and 150 to 900 in the molecular weight distribution curve obtained satisfy the following relationships: a/b=0-1.5 and c/b=1.4-2. Said positive type-radiation-sensitive resin composition is excellent in resolution, sensitivity, developability, thermal resistance and adhesion and hence is useful as a positive type resist for producing integrated circuits having a higher integration.
    • 一种阳离子型辐射敏感性树脂组合物,其包含碱溶性酚醛清漆树脂和1,2-醌二叠氮化合物,其特征在于,所述碱溶性酚醛清漆树脂是通过将羰基化合物和包含6至94的酚混合物 (I)表示的至少一种由间甲酚表示的至少一种化合物:(I)其中X是-CH 3,-C 2 H 5,-C(CH 3) 3,-CO 2 CH 3或-CO 2 C 2 H 5; n是满足3> / = m> / = 1的整数; m为满足3≤m≥1的整数,当使用单分散聚苯乙烯作为标准的凝胶渗透色谱法测定聚苯乙烯缩小分子量时的树脂,存在最大值a,b和c, 在分子量分布曲线中分子量范围为6300〜25000,2500〜6000和150〜900分别满足以下关系:a / b = 0-1.5,c / b = 1.4-2。 所述正型辐射敏感性树脂组合物的分辨率,灵敏度,显影性,耐热性和粘附性优异,因此可用作制造具有较高一体化的集成电路的正型抗蚀剂。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Process for producing tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-butanediol
    • 生产四氢呋喃和1,4-丁二醇的方法
    • US4268447A
    • 1981-05-19
    • US102658
    • 1979-12-12
    • Yoshinori YoshidaHiroshi Oka
    • Yoshinori YoshidaHiroshi Oka
    • C07C27/00C07C27/02C07C29/09C07C29/128C07C29/80C07C31/20C07C67/00C07D307/08
    • C07C29/095C07C29/1285C07D307/08
    • A process for producing simultaneously tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-butanediol in any desired proportion which comprises (a) reacting the acetic ester of 1,4-butanediol with a theoretical or smaller quantity, based on said acetic ester, of water (preferably 0.2-0.8 mole of water per mole of said acetic ester) in the presence of an acidic catalyst, (b) distilling, in the first distillation column, the reaction mixture to separate it into a distillate comprising tetrahydrofuran as major constituent and a bottom stream comprising as major constituent the acetic ester of 1,4-butanediol and (c) subjecting, in the second reaction-distillation column, at least a part of said bottom stream to a counter-current gas-liquid contact reaction with methanol, the quantity of said methanol being preferably 1-5 moles per mole of the acetate group of the acetic ester, in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst and, simultaneously therewith, separating the reaction mixture into a bottom stream comprising 1,4-butanediol as major constituent and a distillate comprising methyl acetate as major constituent. By this process, methanol and catalyst can be economized to a great extent.
    • 一种以任何所需比例同时生产四氢呋喃和1,4-丁二醇的方法,其包括(a)使基于所述乙酸酯的理论或更少量的1,4-丁二醇的乙酸酯与水反应(优选0.2- 在酸性催化剂存在下,将0.8摩尔水/摩尔的所述乙酸酯),(b)在第一蒸馏塔中蒸馏反应混合物以将其分离成包含四氢呋喃作为主要成分的馏出物和含有 主要成分是1,4-丁二醇的乙酸酯和(c)在第二反应 - 蒸馏塔中使至少一部分所述底部流与甲醇进行逆流气液接触反应,所述量 在酸性或碱性催化剂的存在下,每摩尔乙酸酯的乙酸酯基团,甲醇优选为1-5摩尔,同时将反应混合物分离成包含 主要成分为1,4-丁二醇,乙酸甲酯为主要成分的馏出物。 通过这个过程,甲醇和催化剂可以在很大程度上节约。
    • 5. 发明申请
    • METHOD OF EFFICIENTLY ESTABLISHING INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS
    • 有效建立诱导型脑干细胞的方法
    • US20130183759A1
    • 2013-07-18
    • US13822906
    • 2011-09-14
    • Shinya YamanakaYoshinori YoshidaHidaka Yokota
    • Shinya YamanakaYoshinori YoshidaHidaka Yokota
    • C12N15/01
    • C12N15/00C12N5/0696C12N15/01C12N2501/998
    • The present invention provides a method of improving the efficiency of establishment of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by inhibiting p38 function in the step of somatic cell nuclear reprogramming. The p38 function can be inhibited by bringing an inhibitor selected from the group consisting of (1) a chemical inhibitor of p38 (2) a dominant negative mutant of p38 or a nucleic acid that encodes the same, (3) a nucleic acid selected from the group consisting of siRNAs and shRNAs targeted to p38 and DNAs that encode the same and (4) an inhibitor of p38 pathway into contact with a somatic cell and the like. The present invention also provides an agent for improving the efficiency of establishment of induced pluripotent stem cells, which contains an inhibitor of p38 function, particularly an inhibitor selected from the group consisting of (1) a chemical inhibitor of p38 (2) a dominant negative mutant of p38 or a nucleic acid that encodes the same, (3) a nucleic acid selected from the group consisting of siRNAs and shRNAs targeted to p38 and DNAs that encode the same and (4) an inhibitor of p38 pathway. Moreover, the present invention provides a production method of iPS cells, which includes bringing a nuclear reprogramming substance and an inhibitor of p38 function into contact with a somatic cell.
    • 本发明提供了通过在体细胞核重编程步骤中抑制p38功能来提高诱导多能干细胞(iPS)细胞建立效率的方法。 可以通过使选自下述的抑制剂来抑制p38的功能:(1)p38的化学抑制剂(2)p38的显性失活突变体或其编码的核酸,(3)选自以下的核酸: 由针对p38的siRNA和shRNA组成的组和编码该p38的DNA和(4)p38途径的抑制剂与体细胞等接触的组。 本发明还提供了用于提高诱导多能干细胞的建立效率的试剂,其含有p38功能的抑制剂,特别是选自(1)p38(2)的显性阴性的化学抑制剂 p38的突变体或编码其的核酸,(3)选自靶向p38的siRNA和shRNA的核酸和编码其的DNA,以及(4)p38途径的抑制剂。 此外,本发明提供了iPS细胞的制备方法,其包括使核重编程物质和p38功能抑制剂与体细胞接触。