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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Process and arrangement for the treatment of solid combustion residues
in a combustion installation, in particular in a waste incineration
plant
    • 用于处理燃烧装置中固体燃烧残余物的方法和装置,特别是在废物焚烧装置中
    • US5711233A
    • 1998-01-27
    • US612758
    • 1996-03-08
    • Johannes J. E. MartinOliver GohlkeWalter J. Martin
    • Johannes J. E. MartinOliver GohlkeWalter J. Martin
    • F23J1/00B01D53/34B03B9/04F23J1/02
    • F23J1/02F23J2900/01021
    • The arrangement for treating combustion residues of a combustion installation comprises an ash discharger into which opens a fall shaft, into which the solid combustion residues fall from a furnace grate. The ash is conveyed from the ash discharger into the discharge shaft via a diagonally ascending push-out chute by a push-out ram whose operating rate is so adjusted that the ash is piled up in the fall shaft in a tower formation reaching above the liquid level. Fresh water or a chemical is introduced into the discharge shaft via an inlet. The ash discharger water present in the ash discharger and charged with fine particles is drained into a hermetically sealed settling tank via a draw-off duct. Ash discharger water, with which a chemical can be mixed via another line, is fed from the upper region of the settling tank by a pump via a return line to spray nozzles which are arranged in the upper region of the fall shaft. Ash discharger water which is enriched with solids particles is drawn off from the bottom of the settling tank via another pump which is arranged in an outlet line proceeding from the settling tank. This is effected at a rate such that solids particles having a diameter of up to 2 mm are carried away with the ash discharger water which is drawn off through the draw-off duct.
    • 用于处理燃烧装置的燃烧残余物的装置包括灰分排放器,其中打开一个下降轴,固体燃烧残渣从炉篦中落下。 灰分通过一个推出柱塞通过对角上升的推出滑槽从排灰口输​​送到排出轴上,该推出柱的运转速率被调节成使得灰尘堆积在落在一个高达液体 水平。 淡水或化学品通过入口引入排放轴。 存在于灰分放出器中并装有细颗粒的灰分排放器水通过排出管排出到密封的沉淀罐中。 可以通过另一条线混合化学物质的灰分排出水通过回流管线从沉淀池的上部区域被供给到布置在秋天轴的上部区域中的喷嘴。 富含固体颗粒的灰分排放水通过另一个泵从沉淀槽的底部排出,该泵被设置在从沉降槽中排出的出口管线中。 这样做的速度使得直径最大为2mm的固体颗粒被排出的排灰管排出。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Method for introducing a treatment medium into the waste gas flow in
combustion processes
    • 在燃烧过程中将处理介质引入废气流的方法
    • US5260042A
    • 1993-11-09
    • US601215
    • 1990-10-19
    • Johannes J. E. Martin
    • Johannes J. E. Martin
    • B01D53/18B01D53/56F23J7/00F23J15/00C01B21/20
    • F23J15/003B01D53/56F23J7/00F23J2219/20
    • The method for introducing a treatment medium into the waste gas flow in combustion processes provides that a carrier medium be mixed with a treatment medium, wherein these media are brought to a pressure level necessary for the atomization in a one-component nozzle prior to mixing. The quantitative proportion of treatment medium to carrier medium, which is adjustable as desired, is adjusted as a function of the NO.sub.x gas concentration in the treated gas flow or as a function of the waste gas quantity. The atomization pressure is either predetermined as a fixed value corresponding to the nozzle configuration or adjusted as a function of the waste gas quantity. The atomization pressure can also possibly be regulated as a function of the evaporator load. Water serves as carrier medium, while ammonia, sal ammoniac, urea or calcium cyanamide is used as treatment medium.
    • 在燃烧过程中将处理介质引入废气流中的方法提供了一种载体介质与处理介质混合,其中在混合之前将这些介质置于单组分喷嘴雾化所需的压力水平。 根据需要可调节处理介质与载体介质的定量比例作为处理气流中的NOx气体浓度或废气量的函数来调节。 雾化压力或者预定为对应于喷嘴构型的固定值或根据废气量调节。 雾化压力也可以作为蒸发器负载的函数来调节。 水用作载体介质,而氨,盐酸,尿素或氰氨化钙用作处理介质。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for reducing the nitric oxide concentration in the
waste gas flow of combustion processes
    • 用于减少燃烧过程废气流中氮氧化物浓度的方法和装置
    • US5123363A
    • 1992-06-23
    • US605678
    • 1990-10-30
    • Johannes J. E. Martin
    • Johannes J. E. Martin
    • F23J15/00B01D53/34B01D53/56F23J15/02F23L9/02
    • B01D53/56F23J15/02F23L9/02
    • The method for reducing the nitric oxide concentration in the waste gas flow of combustion processes consists of the introduction of chemicals, e.g. ammonia, sal ammoniac, urea, calcium cyanamide, into the waste gas flow, wherein the waste gas flow is marked by an additional compulsorily produced strong turbulence and the waste gas flow is compressed prior to this turbulence zone. The introduction of the treatment medium is effected shortly before the turbulence zone and the waste gas flow is relaxed and calmed subsequent to the turbulence zone. In order to implement this method, a furnace is provided which comprises a grate and a waste gas flue consisting of an ascending waste gas flue and a descending waste gas flue adjoining the latter. The current flow of the waste gas flow is substantially S-shaped proceeding from the furnace grate to the downwardly directed waste gas flue, wherein the change of direction in the lower area is substantially smoother than in the reversing space. In the upper portion the waste gas flue the waste gas flow is compressed by means of corresponding inclination and consequent constriction of the cross section of the waste gas flue. Spray nozzles are provided at the commencement of the upper portion of the ascending waste gas flue in order to introduce chemicals. The introduction of the chemicals is effected shortly before the compression and the production of strong turbulence.
    • 用于降低燃烧过程的废气流中一氧化氮浓度的方法包括引入化学物质,例如, 氨,氨氨,尿素,氨腈氰化物进入废气流中,其中废气流被另外强制产生的强烈湍流标记,废气流在该湍流区之前被压缩。 处理介质的引入在湍流区之前不久实现,废气流在湍流区之后松弛和平静。 为了实现这种方法,提供了一种炉子,其包括炉排和废气烟道,废气烟道由上升的废气烟道和与之相邻的下降的废气烟道组成。 废气流的当前流动从炉篦向下指向的废气烟道基本上是S形,其中下部区域中的方向变化比在反向空间中基本上更平滑。 在上部废气中,废气流通过相应的倾斜和随之而来的废气烟道横截面的收缩而被压缩。 在上游废气烟道上部的开始处设置喷嘴,以引入化学品。 化学品的引入是在压缩和产生强烈的湍流之前不久实现的。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Grate bar for use in industrial furnaces
    • 用于工业炉的炉条
    • US4672947A
    • 1987-06-16
    • US763880
    • 1985-08-08
    • Johannes J. E. Martin
    • Johannes J. E. Martin
    • F23H7/08F23H17/12F23H11/00
    • F23H17/12
    • A grate bar has an elongated top wall, two longitudinally extending sidewalls, transversely extending front and rear walls, a bottom wall, and several longitudinally extending ribs at the underside of the top wall. The walls define an air heating chamber which receives fresh air from a first opening below the rar wall and discharges heated air by way of a second opening which is provided in one of the sidewalls close to the front wall. The ribs divide the chamber into several elongated channels and a compartment which is located immediately behind the front wall and communicates with the channels as well as with the second opening. At least one of the ribs which are nearest to the one sidewall is spaced apart from the bottom wall so that the channels which flank such rib can communicate with one another along the upper side of the bottom wall. Any solid particles which descend onto the bottom wall by entering the chamber via the second opening are free to travel rearwardly and to leave the channels by way of the first opening. Such evacuation can be promoted by providing some of the ribs with apertures which allow for communication between neighboring channels and/or by inclining the foremost portion of the bottom wall downwardly and rearwardly so that such foremost portion and the adjacent portion of the bottom wall define an additional opening and the foremost portion constitutes a chute for evacuation of solid particles by way of the additional opening.
    • 格栅杆具有细长的顶壁,两个纵向延伸的侧壁,横向延伸的前壁和后壁,底壁和位于顶壁下侧的几个纵向延伸的肋。 这些壁限定了一个空气加热室,该空气加热室从侧壁壁下方的第一开口接受新鲜空气,并通过设置在靠近前壁的一个侧壁中的第二开口排出加热的空气。 肋将腔室分成几个细长的通道和位于前壁后面的隔室,并与通道以及第二开口连通。 最靠近一个侧壁的肋中的至少一个与底壁间隔开,使得这些肋侧面的通道可以沿底壁的上侧相互连通。 通过第二开口进入腔室而下降到底壁上的任何固体颗粒可自由地向后行进并通过第一开口离开通道。 可以通过提供一些具有允许相邻通道之间的连通的孔和/或通过向下和向后倾斜底壁的最前部分使得一些肋可以促进这样的抽空,使得顶壁部分和底壁的相邻部分限定一个 附加开口和最前面的部分构成用于通过附加开口排出固体颗粒的滑槽。