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1. 发明申请

US20060167359A1 System and method for detecting cardiovascular health conditions using hemodynamic pressure waveforms 有权
标题翻译：使用血流动力学压力波形检测心血管健康状况的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20060167359A1
公开(公告)日：2006-07-27
申请号：US11044617
申请日：2005-01-27
申请人： Tommy Bennett , Mark Choi , David Igel , Michael Hill , Teresa Whitman , Douglas Hettrick
发明人： Tommy Bennett , Mark Choi , David Igel , Michael Hill , Teresa Whitman , Douglas Hettrick
IPC分类号： A61B5/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/0215 , A61B5/02028 , A61B5/02108 , A61B5/042 , A61B5/0456 , A61N1/36564
摘要： A cardiovascular analysis system and method includes an implantable medical device with a sensor positioned to sense a hemodynamic pressure over time. The implantable medical device generates hemodynamic pressure waveform data based upon the hemodynamic pressure sensed. A processor analyzes the hemodynamic waveform data to provide an indication of cardiovascular health based upon prominent peaks in the hemodynamic waveform data.
摘要翻译：心血管分析系统和方法包括具有传感器的可植入医疗装置，所述传感器定位成随时间感测血流动力学压力。可植入医疗装置基于感测的血流动力学压力产生血流动力学压力波形数据。处理器分析血液动力学波形数据，以基于血流动力学波形数据中突出的峰值提供心血管健康的指示。

2. 发明申请

US20060167360A1 System and method for detecting artifactual hemodynamic waveform data 有权
标题翻译：用于检测人为血液动力波形数据的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20060167360A1
公开(公告)日：2006-07-27
申请号：US11044618
申请日：2005-01-27
申请人： Tommy Bennett , Mark Choi , David Igel , Michael Hill , Teresa Whitman
发明人： Tommy Bennett , Mark Choi , David Igel , Michael Hill , Teresa Whitman
IPC分类号： A61B5/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/0215 , A61B5/02108
摘要： A system and method for cardiovascular analysis includes an implantable medical device capable of generating hemodynamic pressure waveform data based upon sensed pressure. Hemodynamic waveform data is analyzed to identify artifactual data represented in the hemodynamic waveform.
摘要翻译：用于心血管分析的系统和方法包括能够基于检测到的压力产生血流动力压力波形数据的可植入医疗装置。分析血流动力学波形数据以识别在血流动力学波形中表示的人为因素数据。

3. 发明授权

US09279085B2 Method for the production of monofunctionalized dialkylphosphinic acids, esters and salts, and use thereof 有权
标题翻译：用于制备单官能二烷基次膦酸，酯和盐的方法及其用途
公开(公告)号：US09279085B2
公开(公告)日：2016-03-08
申请号：US13140555
申请日：2009-10-06
申请人： Michael Hill , Harald Bauer , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
发明人： Michael Hill , Harald Bauer , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
IPC分类号： C07F9/02 , C07F9/22 , C07F9/28 , C08K5/53 , C09K21/12 , C07F9/30 , C07F9/32 , C08K5/5313
CPC分类号： C09K21/12 , C07F9/301 , C07F9/3211 , C08K5/5313
摘要： The invention relates to a method for producing monofunctionalized dialkylphosphinic acids, esters, and salts, characterized in that a phosphinic acid source (I) is reacted with olefins (IV) in the presence of a catalyst A to obtain an alkylphosphonous acid, the salt or ester thereof, whereupon said alkylphosphonous acid, the salt or ester (II) thereof is reacted with compounds containing C═C, C═O, or C═N double bonds to obtain compounds of type (III), wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 are identical or different from each other and independently represent, inter alia, H, C1-C18-alkyl, C6-C18-aryl, C6-C18-aralkyl, X represents, inter alia, H, C1-C18-alkyl, C6-C18-aryl, and/or Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Cu, Ni, Li, Na, K, H, and wherein A represents OH, NH2, NHR, NR2, or O—CO—R8, and W represents a mineral acid, carboxylic acid, Lewis acid, or organic acid, wherein n is a whole or a fractional number from 0 to 4, and catalyst A represents transition metals and/or transition metal compounds and/or catalyst systems composed of a transition metal and/or a transition metal compound and at least one ligand. The use of said dialkylphosphonic acids, esters, and salts is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种制备单官能化二烷基次膦酸，酯和盐的方法，其特征在于，在催化剂A存在下，次膦酸源（I）与烯烃（Ⅳ）反应得到烷基亚磷酸，其盐或酯，因此所述烷基亚膦酸，其盐或酯（II）与含有C = C，C = O或C = N双键的化合物反应，得到式（III）化合物，其中R1，R2，R3 ，R 4，R 5，R 6彼此相同或不同，并且独立地代表H，C 1 -C 18 - 烷基，C 6 -C 18 - 芳基，C 6 -C 18 - 芳烷基，X尤其表示H， C18烷基，C6-C18-芳基和/或Mg，Ca，Al，Sb，Sn，Ge，Ti，Fe，Zr，Zn，Ce，Bi，Sr，Mn，Cu，Ni，Li，Na，K ，H，其中A表示OH，NH2，NHR，NR2或O-CO-R8，W表示无机酸，羧酸，路易斯酸或有机酸，其中n为0或分数至4，催化剂A代表转化我 tals和/或过渡金属化合物和/或由过渡金属和/或过渡金属化合物和至少一种配体组成的催化剂体系。还公开了所述二烷基膦酸，酯和盐的用途。

4. 发明授权

US08987489B2 Method for producing mono-carboxy-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acids, esters and salts using a vinyl ether and the use thereof 有权
标题翻译：使用乙烯基醚制备单羧基官能化二烷基次膦酸，酯和盐的方法及其用途
公开(公告)号：US08987489B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-24
申请号：US13132196
申请日：2009-10-06
申请人： Michael Hill , Mathias Dietz , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
发明人： Michael Hill , Mathias Dietz , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
IPC分类号： C07F9/32 , C07F9/30 , C07F9/48 , C08K5/5313 , C09K21/12 , C08L21/00
CPC分类号： C07F9/30 , C07F9/301 , C07F9/32 , C07F9/4816 , C07F9/4866 , C08K5/5313 , C08L21/00 , C09K21/12
摘要： A method for producing mono-carboxy-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acids, esters and salts using a vinyl ether. The method is characterized by the following steps: a) reacting a phosphinic acid source (I) with olefins (IV) in the presence of a catalyst A to give an alkylphosphonous acid, the salt or the ester (II) thereof, b) reacting the alkylphosphonous acid so obtained, the salt or the ester (II) thereof with a vinyl ether of formula (V) in the presence of a catalyst B to give a mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VI) and c) reacting this derivative (VI) with an oxidant or in the presence of a catalyst C to give a mono-carboxy-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (III), wherein the catalysts A and C are transition metals and/or transition metal compounds, and the catalyst B is a peroxide-forming compound and/or a peroxo compound and/or an azo compound.
摘要翻译：使用乙烯基醚制备单羧基官能化的二烷基次膦酸，酯和盐的方法。该方法的特征在于以下步骤：a）在催化剂A存在下使次膦酸源（I）与烯烃（IV）反应，得到烷基亚磷酸，其盐或其酯（II），b）使所得的烷基亚磷酸，其盐或其酯（II）与式（V）的乙烯基醚在催化剂B的存在下反应，得到单官能化的二烷基次膦酸衍生物（VI），和c）使该衍生物 VI）与氧化剂或催化剂C的存在下反应，得到单羧基官能化的二烷基次膦酸衍生物（III），其中催化剂A和C为过渡金属和/或过渡金属化合物，催化剂B为过氧化物形成化合物和/或过氧化合物和/或偶氮化合物。

5. 发明授权

US08772519B2 Process for preparing mono-allyl-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acids, salts and esters thereof with allylic compounds, and the use thereof 失效
标题翻译：用烯丙基化合物制备单烯丙基官能化二烷基次膦酸，其盐和酯的方法及其用途
公开(公告)号：US08772519B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-08
申请号：US13127110
申请日：2009-10-06
申请人： Michael Hill , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
发明人： Michael Hill , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
IPC分类号： C07F9/30 , C07F9/32 , C07F5/06
CPC分类号： C09K21/12 , C07F9/302 , C07F9/3217 , C08K5/5313
摘要： The invention relates to a process for preparing mono-allyl-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acids, esters and salts with allylic compounds, characterized in that a) a phosphinic acid source (I) is reacted with olefins (IV) in the presence of a catalyst A to give an alkylphosphonous acid, or salt or ester thereof (II), b) the alkylphosphonous acid, or salt or ester thereof (II) thus formed is reacted with allylic compounds of the formula (V) in the presence of a catalyst B and of a base to give a mono-allyl-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (III), where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 are the same or different and are each independently, inter alia, H, C1-C18-alkyl, C6-C18-aryl, C6-C18-aralkyl, C6-C18-alkylaryl, and X is H, C1-C18-alkyl, C6-C18-aryl, C6-C18-aralkyl, C6-C18-alkylaryl, Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Cu, Ni, Li, Na, K and/or a protonated nitrogen base, and the catalysts A and B are transition metals and/or transition metal compounds and/or catalyst systems which are composed of a transition metal and/or a transition metal compound and at least one ligand.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用烯丙基化合物制备单烯丙基官能化二烷基次膦酸，酯和盐的方法，其特征在于a）在催化剂A存在下，使次膦酸源（I）与烯烃（Ⅳ）反应，得到烷基亚磷酸或其盐或酯（II），b）将如此形成的烷基亚膦酸或其盐或酯（II）与式（Ⅴ）的烯丙基化合物在催化剂B的存在下反应，和得到单烯丙基官能化的二烷基次膦酸衍生物（III）的碱，其中R 1，R 2，R 3，R 4，R 5，R 6，R 7，R 8，R 9相同或不同，并且各自独立地为H， C 1 -C 18烷基，C 6 -C 18芳基，C 6 -C 18芳烷基，C 6 -C 18烷基芳基，X是H，C 1 -C 18烷基，C 6 -C 18芳基，C 6 -C 18芳烷基，C 6 -C 18 - 烷基芳基，Mg，Ca，Al，Sb，Sn，Ge，Ti，Fe，Zr，Zn，Ce，Bi，Sr，Mn，Cu，Ni，Li，Na，K和/或质子化氮碱，催化剂A和B是过渡金属和/或过渡金属 nds和/或由过渡金属和/或过渡金属化合物和至少一种配体组成的催化剂体系。

6. 发明授权

US08735476B2 Method for producing mono-carboxy-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acids, esters and salts using a vinyl ester of a carboxylic acid and the use thereof 有权
标题翻译：使用羧酸的乙烯基酯制备单羧基官能化的二烷基次膦酸，酯和盐的方法及其用途
公开(公告)号：US08735476B2
公开(公告)日：2014-05-27
申请号：US13132153
申请日：2009-10-06
申请人： Michael Hill , Mathias Dietz , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
发明人： Michael Hill , Mathias Dietz , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
IPC分类号： C08K5/5313
CPC分类号： C09K21/12 , C07F9/301 , C07F9/4816 , C07F9/4866 , C08K5/5313
摘要： The invention relates to a method for producing mono-carboxy-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acids, esters and salts using a vinyl ester of a carboxylic acid. The method is characterized by the following steps: a) reacting a phosphinic acid source (I) with olefins (IV) in the presence of a catalyst A to give an alkylphosphinic acid, the salt or the ester (II) thereof, b) reacting the alkylphosphinic acid so obtained, the salt or the ester (II) thereof with a vinyl ester of a carboxylic acid of formula (V) in the presence of a catalyst B to give a mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VI) and c) reacting the mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VI) so obtained in the presence of a catalyst C to give a mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VII) and d) reacting the mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VII); with an oxidant or in the presence of a catalyst D to give a mono-carboxy-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (III).
摘要翻译：本发明涉及使用羧酸的乙烯基酯制备单羧基官能化的二烷基次膦酸，酯和盐的方法。该方法的特征在于以下步骤：a）在催化剂A存在下使次膦酸源（I）与烯烃（IV）反应，得到烷基次膦酸，其盐或其酯（II），b）使如此获得的烷基次膦酸，其盐或其酯（II）与式（V）的羧酸的乙烯基酯在催化剂B的存在下反应，得到单官能化的二烷基次膦酸衍生物（Ⅵ）和c）使在催化剂C存在下得到的单官能化二烷基次膦酸衍生物（Ⅵ）反应，得到单官能化二烷基次膦酸衍生物（Ⅶ），和d）使单官能化二烷基次膦酸衍生物（Ⅶ）反应; 与氧化剂或在催化剂D存在下反应，得到单羧基官能化的二烷基次膦酸衍生物（III）。

7. 发明授权

US08592505B2 Hydrophosphorylation of phosphonous acid derivatives for flame retardants 有权
标题翻译：用于阻燃剂的膦酸衍生物的氢磷酸化
公开(公告)号：US08592505B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-26
申请号：US13140563
申请日：2009-10-06
申请人： Michael Hill , Harald Bauer , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
发明人： Michael Hill , Harald Bauer , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
IPC分类号： C08K5/00 , C08K5/53 , C07F5/02 , C07F9/28
CPC分类号： C09K21/12 , A01N57/20 , A01N57/22 , B27K3/15 , B27K2240/30 , C07F9/4006 , C07F9/4093 , C07F9/505 , C07F9/5072 , C08K5/5393 , C08L77/00 , C08L97/02 , C09D5/086 , C09D5/185
摘要： Addition compounds of a) alkylphosphonous acid derivatives of the formula A-P(═O)(OX)—H (I) and b) diester-forming olefins of formula (II) Methods for the production of the addition compounds and the use thereof are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： a）a）式AP（= O）（OX）-H（I）的烷基亚膦酸衍生物和b）式（II）的二酯形成烯烃的加成化合物加成化合物的制备方法及其用途也披露

8. 发明授权

US08293938B2 Alkylphosphonous acids, salts and esters, methods for the production thereof, and use of the same 有权
标题翻译：烷基亚磷酸，盐和酯，其制备方法及其用途
公开(公告)号：US08293938B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-23
申请号：US12668814
申请日：2008-07-02
申请人： Michael Hill , Harald Bauer , Werner Krause
发明人： Michael Hill , Harald Bauer , Werner Krause
IPC分类号： C07F9/28
CPC分类号： C07F9/4866 , C07F9/4816 , C07F9/485 , C08K5/5393
摘要： The invention relates to alkylphosphonous acids, salts and esters of formula (I) A-P(═O)(OX)—H (I) wherein A is C2-C20alkyl, C2-C20alkylene, and C8-C20 alkaryl are optionally substituted, and X is H, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkenyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkenyl, ammonium, primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary alkyl and/or aryl ammonium, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a metal of the third and fourth main group and the second, fourth and eight sub-group or a metal of the lanthanoid group. The invention also relates to methods for producing same and to the uses of said compounds.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及烷基亚磷酸，其中A是C 2 -C 20烷基，C 2 -C 20亚烷基和C 8 -C 20烷芳基的式（I）AP（= O）（OX）-H（I）的烷基亚磷酸，盐和酯，是烷基，芳基，烷基芳基，烯基，取代的烷基，芳基，烷芳基，烯基，铵，伯，仲，叔，季烷基和/或芳基铵，碱金属，碱土金属，第三和第四主要组和第二，第四和第八子组或镧系元素的金属。本发明还涉及其生产方法和所述化合物的用途。

9. 发明申请

US20110213078A1 Method for Producing Mono-Aminofunctionalized Dialkylphosphinic Acids and Esters and Salts Thereof by Means of Acrylnitriles and Use Thereof 有权
标题翻译：通过丙烯腈生产单氨基官能化二烷基膦酸及其酯及其盐的方法及用途
公开(公告)号：US20110213078A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-01
申请号：US13127072
申请日：2009-10-06
申请人： Michael Hill , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
发明人： Michael Hill , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
IPC分类号： C08L67/02 , C07F9/30 , C07F9/32 , C07F5/06 , C07F7/28 , C08G63/183 , C08L77/06 , C08G69/26
CPC分类号： C07F9/3211 , C07F9/301 , C07F9/3264 , C07F9/4816 , C07F9/4866 , C08K5/5313 , C09K21/12
摘要： The invention relates to a method for producing mono-aminofunctionalized dialkylphosphinic acids and esters and salts thereof by means of acrylnitriles, characterized in that a) a phosphinic acid source (I) is reacted with olefins (IV) to yield an alkylphosphonic acid, salt or ester (II) thereof in the presence of a catalyst A, b) the thus obtained alkylphosphonic acid, salt or ester (II) thereof is reacted with an acrylnitrile of formula (V) to yield a mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VI) in the presence of a catalyst B, and c) the thus obtained mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VI) is reacted to yield a mono-aminofunctionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (III) in the presence of a catalyst C or a reduction agent, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 are the same or different and stand independently of each other, among other things, for H, C1-C18 alkyl, C6-C18 aryl, C6-C18 aralkyl, C6-C18 alkylaryl and X stands for H, C1-C18 alkyl, C6-C18 aryl, C6-C18 aralkyl, C6-C18 alkylaryl, Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Cu, Ni, Li, Na, K and/or a protonized nitrogen base, and Y stands for a mineral acid, a carboxylic acid, a Lewis acid or an organic acid, n=an integer or fractional number of 0 to 4 and the catalysts A and C are formed by transition metals, transition metal compounds and/or catalyst systems composed of a transition metal and/or a transition metal compound and at least one ligand, and catalyst B is formed by compounds forming peroxides, peroxo compounds, azo compounds, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, alkali hydrides, alkaline earth hydrides and/or alkali alcoholates and alkaline earth alcoholates.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种通过丙烯腈生产单氨基官能化二烷基次膦酸及其酯及其盐的方法，其特征在于a）将次膦酸源（I）与烯烃（Ⅳ）反应，得到烷基膦酸盐或盐酯（II），b）将由此得到的烷基膦酸，其盐或酯（II）与式（V）的丙烯腈反应，得到单官能化二烷基次膦酸衍生物（Ⅵ）在催化剂B存在下，和c）将由此得到的单官能化二烷基次膦酸衍生物（Ⅵ）反应，得到单氨基官能化二烷基次膦酸衍生物（Ⅲ），其中催化剂C或还原剂存在下，其中对于H，C 1 -C 18烷基，C 6 -C 18芳基，C 6 -C 18芳烷基，C 6 -C 18烷基，R 1，R 2，R 3，R 4，R 5，R 6，R 7相同或不同，彼此独立烷基芳基，X代表H，C1-C18烷基，C6-C 18芳基，C 6 -C 18芳烷基，C 6 -C 18烷基芳基，Mg，Ca，Al，Sb，Sn，Ge，Ti，Fe，Zr，Zn，Ce，Bi，Sr，Mn，Cu，Ni，Li，Na，K 和/或质子化的氮碱，Y表示无机酸，羧酸，路易斯酸或有机酸，n = 0至4的整数或分数，催化剂A和C由过渡金属形成由过渡金属和/或过渡金属化合物和至少一种配体组成的过渡金属化合物和/或催化剂体系和催化剂B通过形成过氧化物，过氧化合物，偶氮化合物，碱金属，碱土金属，碱金属氢化物，碱土金属氢化物和/或碱金属醇盐和碱土金属盐。

10. 发明申请

US20110213061A1 Method for Producing Mono-Aminofunctionalized Dialkylphosphinic Acids and Esters and Salts Thereof and Use Thereof 审中-公开
标题翻译：单氨基官能化二烷基膦酸及其酯及其盐的制备方法及用途
公开(公告)号：US20110213061A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-01
申请号：US13125359
申请日：2009-10-06
申请人： Michael Hill , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
发明人： Michael Hill , Werner Krause , Martin Sicken
IPC分类号： C08K5/5313 , C07F9/30 , C08L67/02 , C08L77/06
CPC分类号： C09K21/12 , C07F9/301 , C07F9/3211 , C08K5/5313
摘要： The invention relates to a method for producing mono-aminofunctionalized dialkylphosphinic acids and esters and salts thereof, characterized in that a) a phosphinic acid source (I) is reacted with olefins (IV) to yield an alkylphosphonic acid, salt or ester (II) thereof in the presence of a catalyst A, b) the thus obtained alkylphosphonic acid, salt or ester (II) thereof is reacted with acetylenic compounds of formula (V) to yield a mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VI) in the presence of a catalyst B, and c) the thus obtained mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VI) is reacted with a hydrogen cyanide source to yield a mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VII) in the presence of a catalyst C, and d) the thus obtained mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VII); is reacted to yield a mono-aminofunctionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (III) in the presence of a catalyst D or a reduction agent, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 are the same or different and stand independently of each other, among other things, for H, C1-C18 alkyl, C6-C18 aryl, C6-C18 aralkyl, C6-C18 alkylaryl, and X stands for H, C1-C18 alkyl, C6-C18 aryl, C6-C18 aralkyl, C6-C18 alkylaryl, Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Cu, Ni, Li, Na, K and/or a protonized nitrogen base, and Y stands for a mineral acid, a carboxylic acid, a Lewis acid or an organic acid, n=0 to 4 and the catalysts A, B, C and D are formed by transition metals, transition metal compounds and/or catalyst systems composed of a transition metal and/or a transition metal compound and at least one ligand.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于制备单氨基官能化二烷基次膦酸及其酯和盐的方法，其特征在于a）将次膦酸源（I）与烯烃（Ⅳ）反应，得到烷基膦酸盐或酯（Ⅱ）在催化剂A存在下，将由此得到的烷基膦酸，其盐或酯（II）与式（Ⅴ）的炔属化合物反应，得到单官能化二烷基次膦酸衍生物（Ⅵ）催化剂B和c）由此获得的单官能化二烷基次膦酸衍生物（VI）与氰化氢源反应，在催化剂C存在下得到单官能化二烷基次膦酸衍生物（Ⅶ），和d）得到单官能化二烷基次膦酸衍生物（VII）; 在催化剂D或还原剂的存在下反应得到单氨基官能化二烷基次膦酸衍生物（III），其中R1，R2，R3，R4，R5，R6相同或不同并且彼此独立，对于H，C 1 -C 18烷基，C 6 -C 18芳基，C 6 -C 18芳烷基，C 6 -C 18烷基芳基，X代表H，C 1 -C 18烷基，C 6 -C 18芳基，C 6 -C 18芳烷基， C18烷基芳基，Mg，Ca，Al，Sb，Sn，Ge，Ti，Fe，Zr，Zn，Ce，Bi，Sr，Mn，Cu，Ni，Li，Na，K和/或质子化氮碱，Y 代表无机酸，羧酸，路易斯酸或有机酸，n = 0〜4，催化剂A，B，C和D由过渡金属，过渡金属化合物和/或催化剂体系过渡金属和/或过渡金属化合物和至少一种配体。

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