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1. 发明授权

US5981651A Ink processes 失效
标题翻译：墨水处理
公开(公告)号：US5981651A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US922078
申请日：1997-09-02
申请人： Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Michael A. Hopper , Walter Mychajlowskij
发明人： Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Michael A. Hopper , Walter Mychajlowskij
IPC分类号： C09D11/02 , C08F2/00 , C08F12/08 , C09D11/00
CPC分类号： C08F12/08 , C09D11/30 , Y10S977/788
摘要： A process comprising (1) polymerizing an organic phase of monomer in the presence of a carboxylic acid, an oil soluble chain transfer agent, and a partially water soluble chain transfer agent; and which polymerizing is accomplished in the presence of (2) an aqueous phase containing a nonionic surfactant, and an anionic surfactant, and wherein there is added to the aqueous phase an aqueous initiator solution of an inorganic persulfate, and wherein the resulting latex contains particles of polymer with carboxylic acid; aggregating said latex particles with colorant; thereafter adding an effective amount of anionic surfactant and heating the mixture resulting about equal to, or about above the polymer Tg resulting from said monomer, or said monomers.
摘要翻译：一种方法，其包括（1）在羧酸，油溶性链转移剂和部分水溶性链转移剂的存在下聚合单体的有机相; 并且在（2）含有非离子表面活性剂的水相和阴离子表面活性剂的存在下进行聚合，并且其中在水相中加入无机过硫酸盐的引发剂水溶液，并且其中所得的胶乳含有颗粒的聚合物与羧酸; 用着色剂聚集所述胶乳颗粒; 然后加入有效量的阴离子表面活性剂并加热产生的约等于或约高于由所述单体或所述单体产生的聚合物Tg的混合物。

2. 发明授权

US5683847A Toner aggregation latex processes 失效
标题翻译：调色剂聚集胶乳工艺
公开(公告)号：US5683847A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-04
申请号：US619055
申请日：1996-03-20
申请人： Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Walter Mychajlowskij , Michael A. Hopper
发明人： Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Walter Mychajlowskij , Michael A. Hopper
IPC分类号： G03G9/08 , G03G9/087
CPC分类号： G03G9/08711 , G03G9/0804
摘要： A process comprising: (i) preparing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, a cationic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent; (ii) shearing said pigment dispersion with a latex comprised of water, resin, a counterionic or anionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said cationic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant, and wherein said latex is prepared by the addition of monomers containing a chain transfer agent and a organic soluble initiator to a water phase containing a anionic surfactant, and said nonionic surfactant, followed by the addition of a water soluble initiator, and subsequently heating; (iii) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates; and (iv) heating said bound aggregates above about the Tg of the resin.
摘要翻译：一种方法，包括：（i）制备颜料分散体，该分散体由颜料，阳离子表面活性剂和任选的电荷控制剂组成; （ii）用包含水，树脂，具有与所述阳离子表面活性剂相反的电荷极性的反离子或阴离子表面活性剂的胶乳和非离子表面活性剂剪切所述颜料分散体，并且其中所述胶乳通过加入含有链转移剂和有机可溶性引发剂的单体与含有阴离子表面活性剂的水相和所述非离子表面活性剂，然后加入水溶性引发剂，随后加热; （iii）将上述剪切混合物加热至低于树脂的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）以形成静电结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体; 和（iv）在树脂的Tg附近加热所述结合的聚集体。

3. 发明授权

US5582951A Carrier processes 失效
标题翻译：运营商流程
公开(公告)号：US5582951A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-10
申请号：US498284
申请日：1995-07-03
申请人： Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Michael A. Hopper , Walter Mychajlowskij , Beng S. Ong
发明人： Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Michael A. Hopper , Walter Mychajlowskij , Beng S. Ong
IPC分类号： G03G9/107 , G03G9/113
CPC分类号： G03G9/1133 , G03G9/107 , G03G9/1132
摘要： A process for the preparation of carrier particles which comprises mixing a dispersion of water, submicron magnetic particles, and ionic surfactant with a latex comprised of resin particles suspended in an aqueous solution containing a surfactant that is counterionic in charge to said ionic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant; thereafter heating the resulting mixture below about the latex resin glass transition temperature (Tg) while stirring to form aggregates, followed by increasing the temperature of said mixture to about above the latex resin Tg, and subsequently adding additional counterionic or nonionic surfactant solution to minimize, or avoid any further growth in particle size during heating of the mixture about above the latex resin Tg, and wherein said resin Tg is in the range of from between about 45.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C.
摘要翻译：一种制备载体颗粒的方法，其包括将水，亚微米磁性颗粒和离子表面活性剂的分散体与悬浮在含有负离子表面活性剂的水溶液中的树脂颗粒混合到所述离子表面活性剂上的胶乳混合，以及非离子表面活性剂然后在搅拌下将所得混合物在胶乳树脂玻璃化转变温度（Tg）以下加热以形成聚集体，随后将所述混合物的温度升高至胶乳树脂Tg的大约，然后加入另外的抗衡离子或非离子表面活性剂溶液，或者避免混合物加热到胶乳树脂Tg以上时粒径的任何进一步增长，并且其中所述树脂Tg在约45℃至约100℃的范围内。

4. 发明授权

US5804349A Acrylonitrile-modified toner compositions and processes 失效
标题翻译：丙烯腈改性调色剂组合物和方法
公开(公告)号：US5804349A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US907368
申请日：1997-08-07
申请人： Beng S. Ong , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Raj D. Patel , Walter Mychajlowskij , David J. Sanders , T. Hwee Ng
发明人： Beng S. Ong , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Raj D. Patel , Walter Mychajlowskij , David J. Sanders , T. Hwee Ng
IPC分类号： G03G9/08 , G03G9/087 , G03G9/097
CPC分类号： G03G9/08795 , G03G9/0806 , G03G9/08711 , G03G9/08731 , G03G9/09725
摘要： A toner comprised of pigment, and an addition polymer resin generated from about 55 to about 80 weight percent of styrene, from about 1 to about 25 weight percent of acrylate, from about 1 to about 20 weight percent of acrylonitrile, and from about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent of acrylic acid.
摘要翻译：由颜料组成的调色剂和由约55至约80重量％的苯乙烯，约1至约25重量％的丙烯酸酯，约1至约20重量％的丙烯腈和约0.5至约20重量％的丙烯腈产生的加成聚合物树脂约5重量％的丙烯酸。

5. 发明授权

US5936008A Ink jet inks containing toner particles as colorants 失效
标题翻译：含有调色剂颗粒作为着色剂的喷墨油墨
公开(公告)号：US5936008A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US560783
申请日：1995-11-21
申请人： Robert N. Jones , Edward J. Radigan, Jr. , Susan Robinette , Raj D. Patel , Michael A. Hopper , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Garland J. Nichols , Beng S. Ong
发明人： Robert N. Jones , Edward J. Radigan, Jr. , Susan Robinette , Raj D. Patel , Michael A. Hopper , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Garland J. Nichols , Beng S. Ong
IPC分类号： B41J2/01 , B41M5/00 , C09D11/00 , C09D11/10
CPC分类号： C09D11/32 , Y10S260/38
摘要： An ink for ink jet printing includes a liquid vehicle comprising water and toner particles with a colorant dispersed in or associated with the toner particles. The ink composition combines the print quality advantages of xerographic printing with the economic advantages of ink jet printing, thereby providing waterfast, archival quality prints.
摘要翻译：用于喷墨印刷的油墨包括液体载体，其包含水和具有分散在调色剂颗粒中或与调色剂颗粒相关联的着色剂的调色剂颗粒。油墨组合物将静电印刷的印刷质量优点与喷墨印刷的经济优点相结合，从而提供耐水性，档案质量的印刷品。

6. 发明授权

US5604076A Toner compositions and processes thereof 失效
标题翻译：调色剂组合物及其工艺
公开(公告)号：US5604076A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-18
申请号：US595143
申请日：1996-02-01
申请人： Raj D. Patel , Guerino G. Sacripante , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Michael A. Hopper , Francisco E. Torres
发明人： Raj D. Patel , Guerino G. Sacripante , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Michael A. Hopper , Francisco E. Torres
IPC分类号： G03G9/08 , G03G9/087 , G03G9/097
CPC分类号： G03G9/0806
摘要： A process for the preparation of toner compositions comprising:(i) preparing a latex or emulsion resin comprised of a polyester core encapsulated within a styrene based resin shell by heating said polyester emulsion containing an anionic surfactant with a mixture of monomers of styrene and acrylic acid, and with potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, sodium bisulfite, or mixtures thereof;(ii) adding a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, a cationic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent, followed by the sharing of the resulting blend;(iii) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution; and(iv) heating said electrostatically bound aggregates above about the Tg of the resin.
摘要翻译：一种制备调色剂组合物的方法，包括：（i）通过将含有阴离子表面活性剂的聚酯乳液与苯乙烯和丙烯酸的单体混合物加热，制备由包封在苯乙烯基树脂壳内的聚酯芯构成的胶乳或乳液树脂和过硫酸钾，过硫酸铵，亚硫酸氢钠或其混合物; （ii）添加颜料分散体，该分散体由颜料，阳离子表面活性剂和任选的电荷控制剂组成，然后共享所得共混物; （iii）将上述剪切混合物加热至低于树脂的玻璃化转变温度（Tg），以形成具有窄粒度分布的静电结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体; 和（iv）将所述静电结合的聚集体加热到高于树脂的Tg的高度。

7. 发明授权

US5514763A Styrene/butadiene toner resins with excellent gloss and fix properties 失效
标题翻译：苯乙烯/丁二烯调色剂树脂具有优异的光泽和固定性能
公开(公告)号：US5514763A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-07
申请号：US312196
申请日：1994-09-26
申请人： Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , T. Brian McAneney , Raj D. Patel , Michael A. Hopper , David J. Sanders
发明人： Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , T. Brian McAneney , Raj D. Patel , Michael A. Hopper , David J. Sanders
IPC分类号： C08F212/08 , G03G9/087 , C08F236/06 , G03G9/08 , G03G9/09
CPC分类号： C08F212/08 , G03G9/08706 , G03G9/08797
摘要： A toner composition includes a styrene/butadiene resin having a weight average molecular weight of less than about 70,000 and a number average molecular weight of from about 8,000 to about 12,000, has a glass transition temperature of from about 50.degree. C. to about 60.degree. C. and provides excellent gloss and high fix properties at a low fusing temperature. The styrene/butadiene resin is produced by an emulsion polymerization process that includes forming an emulsion of a surfactant, styrene monomer, butadiene monomer and a water-soluble monomer in water, and then polymerizing the monomers in the presence of a water-soluble initiator.
摘要翻译：调色剂组合物包括重均分子量小于约70,000并且数均分子量为约8,000至约12,000的苯乙烯/丁二烯树脂的玻璃化转变温度为约50℃至约60℃ 并且在低定影温度下提供优异的光泽度和高固定性。苯乙烯/丁二烯树脂通过乳液聚合方法制备，其包括在水中形成表面活性剂，苯乙烯单体，丁二烯单体和水溶性单体的乳液，然后在水溶性引发剂的存在下使单体聚合。

8. 发明授权

US5977210A Modified emulsion aggregation processes 失效
标题翻译：改性乳液聚集方法
公开(公告)号：US5977210A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-02
申请号：US380550
申请日：1995-01-30
申请人： Raj D. Patel , Marcel P. Breton , Michael A. Hopper , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Beng S. Ong
发明人： Raj D. Patel , Marcel P. Breton , Michael A. Hopper , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Beng S. Ong
IPC分类号： C08F2/26 , C09D11/00
CPC分类号： C09D11/30 , C08F2/26 , Y10S977/902
摘要： A process for the preparation of ink compositions comprising the emulsion polymerization of monomer, water, surfactant, and initiator with stirring and heating to provide a latex; mixing therewith a pigment dispersion of pigment particles, water, and cationic surfactant; blending the mixture; thereafter stirring the mixture; and subsequently adding additional anionic surfactant to stabilize the aggregate particles.
摘要翻译：一种制备油墨组合物的方法，包括在搅拌和加热下单体，水，表面活性剂和引发剂的乳液聚合以提供胶乳; 与颜料颗粒，水和阳离子表面活性剂的颜料分散体混合; 混合混合物然后搅拌混合物; 并随后加入另外的阴离子表面活性剂以稳定聚集体颗粒。

9. 发明授权

US5525452A Toner aggregation processes 失效
标题翻译：调色剂聚合过程
公开(公告)号：US5525452A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-11
申请号：US497988
申请日：1995-07-03
申请人： Michael A. Hopper , Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz
发明人： Michael A. Hopper , Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz
IPC分类号： G03G9/08 , G03G9/087
CPC分类号： G03G9/0815 , G03G9/0804
摘要： A process for the preparation of toner compositions comprising (i) preparing a pigment dispersion in water, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, an ionic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent;(ii) shearing said pigment dispersion with an aqueous latex or emulsion blend comprised of a nonionic surfactant, resin, and a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant;(iii) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution;(iv) heating the electrostatically bound aggregates above about the Tg of the resin, which heating is accomplished at a pH of from about 4.0 to about 6.0 while continuously stirring the electrostatically bound aggregates to form toner particles;(v) washing the toner particles with a basic aqueous solution, which solution is of a pH of from between about 10.0 and about 12.0; and thereafter optionally(iv) separating the toner particles from the emulsion blend containing water by filtration and then drying the toner particles.
摘要翻译：一种制备调色剂组合物的方法，包括（i）在水中制备颜料分散体，该分散体由颜料，离子表面活性剂和任选的电荷控制剂组成; （ii）用包含非离子表面活性剂，树脂和抗衡离子表面活性剂的水性胶乳或乳液共混物剪切所述颜料分散体，其电荷极性与所述离子表面活性剂相反; （iii）将上述剪切混合物加热至低于树脂的玻璃化转变温度（Tg），以形成具有窄粒度分布的静电结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体; （iv）将高于约树脂Tg的静电结合聚集体加热，在约4.0至约6.0的pH下进行加热，同时连续搅拌静电结合的聚集体以形成调色剂颗粒; （v）用碱性水溶液洗涤调色剂颗粒，该溶液的pH为约10.0至约12.0; 然后任选地（iv）通过过滤从含有水的乳液共混物中分离调色剂颗粒，然后干燥调色剂颗粒。

10. 发明授权

US5482812A Wax Containing toner aggregation processes 失效
标题翻译：蜡含有调色剂聚集工艺
公开(公告)号：US5482812A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-09
申请号：US344060
申请日：1994-11-23
申请人： Michael A. Hopper , Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Stephan V. Drappel , Paul J. Gerroir
发明人： Michael A. Hopper , Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Stephan V. Drappel , Paul J. Gerroir
IPC分类号： G03G9/08 , G03G9/087
CPC分类号： G03G9/0804 , G03G9/0815
摘要： A process for the preparation of toner compositions or toner particles comprising:(i) providing an aqueous pigment dispersion comprised of a pigment, an ionic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent;(ii) providing a wax dispersion comprised of wax, a dispersant comprised of nonionic surfactant, ionic surfactant or mixtures thereof;(iii) shearing a mixture of the wax dispersion and the pigment dispersion with a latex or emulsion blend comprised of resin, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;(iv) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution;(v) adding additional ionic surfactant to the aggregated suspension of (iv) to ensure that no, or minimal additional particle growth of the electrostatically bound toner size aggregates occurs on further increasing the temperature to coalesce the aggregates into toner particles (vi);(vi) heating the mixture of (v) with bound aggregates above about or at the Tg of the resin; and optionally(vii) separating the toner particles from the aqueous slurry by filtration and thereafter optionally washing.
摘要翻译：一种制备调色剂组合物或调色剂颗粒的方法，包括：（i）提供由颜料，离子表面活性剂和任选的电荷控制剂组成的水性颜料分散体; （ii）提供由蜡组成的蜡分散体，由非离子表面活性剂，离子表面活性剂或其混合物组成的分散剂; （iii）用由树脂，具有与所述离子表面活性剂的电荷极性相反的电荷极性的抗衡离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂组成的胶乳或乳液共混物来剪切蜡分散体和颜料分散体的混合物; （iv）将上述剪切混合物加热至低于树脂的玻璃化转变温度（Tg），以形成具有窄粒度分布的静电结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体; （v）向（iv）的聚集悬浮液中加入另外的离子表面活性剂，以确保在进一步升高温度以使聚集体聚结成调色剂颗粒（vi）时，静电结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体不会发生或最小的附加颗粒生长。（vi）将（v）混合物加热至高于树脂Tg或高于Tg的结合聚集体; 并且任选地（vii）通过过滤从调色剂颗粒与含水浆料分离，然后任选地洗涤。

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