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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Apparatus and method for two-component bioelectrical impedance ratio measuring and monitoring
    • 用于双组分生物电阻抗比测量和监测的装置和方法
    • US07596411B1
    • 2009-09-29
    • US11760487
    • 2007-06-08
    • Vadim SokurskiNirav Dalal
    • Vadim SokurskiNirav Dalal
    • A61N1/00A61B5/05
    • A61B5/0537A61B5/4878A61B5/7275A61N1/36521
    • An implantable cardiac stimulation and rhythm management device includes an impedance measuring circuit which determines a patient's intra-thoracic impedance and the resistance and reactance components of the impedance. The device includes a microcontroller which calculates a ratio (Z/R) which equals the reactance (Z) divided by the resistance (R). The microcontroller is configured to use the calculated ratios to establish a baseline intra-thoracic fluid level, an upper bound relative to the baseline, and a lower bound relative to the baseline, and to monitor the Z/R ratio relative to the baseline and upper and lower bounds. When the Z/R ratios are outside of the established bounds, operating parameters of the stimulation and rhythm management may be altered by the microcontroller.
    • 可植入心脏刺激和节律管理装置包括阻抗测量电路,其确定患者的胸内阻抗和阻抗的电阻和电抗分量。 该装置包括一个微控制器,它计算一个等于电抗(Z)除以电阻(R)的比率(Z / R)。 微控制器被配置为使用计算的比率来建立基线胸腔内液位,相对于基线的上限和相对于基线的下限,并且相对于基线和上限监测Z / R比 和下限。 当Z / R比超出建立的界限时,刺激和节奏管理的操作参数可能由微控制器改变。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • System and method for responding to pulsed gradient magnetic fields using an implantable medical device
    • 使用可植入医疗装置对脉冲梯度磁场进行响应的系统和方法
    • US07369898B1
    • 2008-05-06
    • US11020438
    • 2004-12-22
    • Mark W. KrollGene A. BornzinSergio ShkurovichNirav Dalal
    • Mark W. KrollGene A. BornzinSergio ShkurovichNirav Dalal
    • A61N1/08A61B5/05
    • A61B5/055A61N1/36514A61N1/3688A61N1/37A61N1/3718
    • Implantable medical devices, such as pacemakers or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), are vulnerable to the powerful magnetic fields associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In particular, pulsed gradient components, if strong enough, can induce parasitic currents that may damage the device or cause parasitic pacing that may trigger an arrhythmia in the patient. The static magnetic field components of the MRI typically do not induce parasitic currents, even though they may be as strong as the pulsed gradient components. Accordingly, techniques are described herein for specifically addressing the pulsed gradient components of the MRI fields so as to reduce the risk of parasitic currents. In one example, a pacemaker switches to tri-state pacing outputs in the presence of strong pulsed gradient magnetic fields. The device continues with normal bi-state pacing outputs so long as the pulsed gradient fields are not strong, even in the presence of a strong static magnetic field. As an added safety feature, the pacemaker switches to fixed-rate ventricular pacing whenever strong static MRI fields are detected.
    • 可植入的医疗设备,如起搏器或植入式心律转复除颤器(ICD)易受到与磁共振成像(MRI)相关的强大磁场的影响。 特别地,如果足够强的脉冲梯度分量可以引起寄生电流,这些寄生电流可能会损坏器件或引起可引发患者心律失常的寄生起搏。 MRI的静态磁场分量通常不会引起寄生电流,即使它们可能与脉冲梯度分量一样强。 因此,本文描述了用于专门寻址MRI场的脉冲梯度分量的技术,以便降低寄生电流的风险。 在一个示例中,起搏器在存在强脉冲梯度磁场的情况下切换到三态起搏输出。 只要脉冲梯度场不强,即使在存在强静态磁场的情况下,器件将继续进行正常的双态起搏输出。 作为增加的安全功能,每当检测到强静态MRI场时,起搏器就切换到固定速率心室起搏。