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1. 发明授权

US4695800A Non harmonic NMR spin echo imaging 失效
标题翻译：非谐波自旋回波成像
公开(公告)号：US4695800A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-22
申请号：US742161
申请日：1985-06-06
申请人： David M. Kramer , Russell A. Compton , Lawrence M. Strenk , James B. Murdoch
发明人： David M. Kramer , Russell A. Compton , Lawrence M. Strenk , James B. Murdoch
IPC分类号： G01R33/44 , A61B5/055 , A61B10/00 , G01R33/48 , G01R33/54 , G01R33/565 , H04N5/30 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/482 , G01R33/56554
摘要： A technique for producing multiple spin echo signals following an initial excitation pulse is provided. A first inverting pulse is applied a given time interval following the initial excitation pulse, resulting in the formation of the usual first spin echo signal after passage of the given time interval. At a later point in time, a second inverting pulse is applied. The time interval between the initial excitation pulse and this second inverting pulse is not required to be harmonically related to the first given time interval. This results in the production of at least a second, later occurring spin echo signal which does not contain harmonically-related artifact components of the earlier pulses and spin echo signals.
摘要翻译：提供了一种在初始激励脉冲之后产生多个自旋回波信号的技术。在初始激励脉冲之后的给定时间间隔施加第一反相脉冲，导致在给定时间间隔之后形成通常的第一自旋回波信号。在稍后的时间点，施加第二反相脉冲。初始激励脉冲与第二反相脉冲之间的时间间隔不需要与第一给定时间间隔谐波相关。这导致产生不包含较早脉冲和自旋回波信号的谐波相关伪像分量的至少第二个稍后发生的自旋回波信号。

2. 发明授权

US4665367A Multiplexed magnetic resonance imaging of volumetric regions 失效
标题翻译：体积区域的多重磁共振成像
公开(公告)号：US4665367A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-12
申请号：US766613
申请日：1985-08-16
申请人： David M. Kramer , Hong-Ning Yeung , Russell A. Compton
发明人： David M. Kramer , Hong-Ning Yeung , Russell A. Compton
IPC分类号： A61B10/00 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/48 , G01R33/54 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/4835 , G01R33/4828
摘要： In a magnetic resonance imaging system, a multiplexing technique is used to image volumetric regions by performing a number of scans within the recovery time of the spin systems. The multiple scans acquire signal information from sub-regional volumes by phase-encoding in the direction of the excitation gradient.
摘要翻译：在磁共振成像系统中，复用技术用于通过在旋转系统的恢复时间内执行多次扫描来对体积区域进行成像。多次扫描通过在激发梯度的方向上的相位编码从子区域体积获取信号信息。

3. 发明授权

US4673880A Phase sensitive detection in multislice magnetic resonance imaging systems 失效
标题翻译：多层磁共振成像系统中的相敏检测
公开(公告)号：US4673880A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-16
申请号：US766617
申请日：1985-08-16
申请人： Russell A. Compton , John T. Keller , Thomas R. McBride , David M. Kramer
发明人： Russell A. Compton , John T. Keller , Thomas R. McBride , David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： G01R33/36 , A61B5/055 , A61B10/00 , G01R33/32 , G01R33/44 , G01R33/48 , G01R33/58 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/583
摘要： In a magnetic resonance imaging system, the same reference signal is used for both radio frequency transmission and phase sensitive detection. The use of the same reference signal for both transmission and reception prevents phase unlock between the two events. However, this technique results in variation in the demodulated, frequency encoded information, which is corrected by digitally filtering the received signal information as a function of the demodulation frequency used.
摘要翻译：在磁共振成像系统中，相同的参考信号用于射频传输和相位敏感检测。对于发送和接收都使用相同的参考信号来防止两个事件之间的相位解锁。然而，该技术导致解调的频率编码信息的变化，其通过对接收到的信号信息进行数字滤波而被校正，这是所使用的解调频率的函数。

4. 发明授权

US4636728A Offset gradient fields in nuclear magnetic resonance imaging systems 失效
标题翻译：核磁共振成像系统中的偏移梯度场
公开(公告)号：US4636728A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-13
申请号：US621396
申请日：1984-06-18
申请人： Russell A. Compton , Waldo S. Hinshaw , David M. Kramer
发明人： Russell A. Compton , Waldo S. Hinshaw , David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： G01R33/38 , G01R33/385 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/385 , G01R33/381
摘要： The null point in the gradient field of an NMR imaging system is offset from its nominal position in the static magnetic field by application of a bias field to the gradient field. The bias field produces a substantially uniform offset in the field intensity at every point in the gradient field. Alternatively, null point offset may be achieved by controllably superimposing two gradient fields of separately located null points.
摘要翻译： NMR成像系统的梯度场中的零点通过向梯度场施加偏置场而偏离静态磁场中的标称位置。偏置场在梯度场中的每个点处的场强度中产生基本均匀的偏移。或者，可以通过可控地叠加分开定位的零点的两个梯度场来实现零点偏移。

5. 发明授权

US5928546A Electrical resistance cooker and automatic circuit controller 失效
标题翻译：电阻电磁炉和自动电路控制器
公开(公告)号：US5928546A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-27
申请号：US920655
申请日：1997-08-29
申请人： David M. Kramer , Maurice W. Lee, Jr. , Ivanhoe E. Chaput , Maurice W. Lee, III
发明人： David M. Kramer , Maurice W. Lee, Jr. , Ivanhoe E. Chaput , Maurice W. Lee, III
IPC分类号： A47J37/06 , H05B3/00 , H05B1/02
CPC分类号： H05B3/0023 , A47J37/0611
摘要： An automatic circuit controller for cooking food interposed between electrodes connected with a source of AC by electrical resistance in which the resistance increases until the food is cooked and rapidly declines is formed by a current switching element in series in one wire of the AC source and a current sensing element in series in another wire of the AC source. The sensed current is rectified, reduced in voltage, converted from analog to digital and applied to a microprocessor connected with the switching element for controlling the current applied to the food by delaying the time into every half cycle in response to current measuring circuitry and a zero crossing detector for triggering the switching element on. The microprocessor detects the current peak of electrical resistance of the food and stops the cooking action when the current declines to a predetermined percent of the peak.
摘要翻译：一种用于烹饪食物的自动电路控制器，其通过电阻连接到电极之间的电极进行烹饪，所述电阻通过电阻增加直到食物被烹饪并迅速下降，由AC电源的一根线中的电流开关元件形成，并且电流感测元件串联在交流电源的另一根线中。感测到的电流被整流，电压降低，从模拟转换成数字，并且应用于与开关元件连接的微处理器，用于通过将时间延迟到每半个周期以响应于当前测量电路而控制施加到食物的电流，零用于触发开关元件的交叉检测器。当电流下降到峰值的预定百分比时，微处理器检测食物的电阻的当前峰值并停止烹饪动作。

6. 发明授权

US5838430A Dual beam laser device for linear and planar alignment 失效
公开(公告)号：US5838430A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-17
申请号：US675655
申请日：1996-07-03
申请人： Dan Slater , David M. Kramer
发明人： Dan Slater , David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： G01B11/26 , G01B11/27 , G01C15/00
CPC分类号： G01B11/26 , G01B11/27 , G01C15/004
摘要： A high precision alignment apparatus is provided that utilizes a semiconductor laser device, such as a laser diode, to provide a source laser beam. The alignment apparatus permits the division of a pair of beam components from the source laser beam useful for either linear or planar alignment. A centroid measurement between the beam components provides a corrected reference point that accounts for the inherent instability of the source laser beam to yield a high level of alignment accuracy. For linear alignment purposes, the beam components are collinearly directed. In the alternative, for planar alignment purposes, the beam components may be either collinear or directed in opposite directions, and rotated to sweep respective planar regions. The laser alignment apparatus is capable of providing a level of accuracy heretofore achievable only with gas lasers, while maintaining the economical attributes of commercial semiconductor laser diodes.

7. 发明授权

US4899045A Multiple channel fiber optic continuity test system 失效
标题翻译：多通道光纤连续性测试系统
公开(公告)号：US4899045A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-06
申请号：US197931
申请日：1988-05-24
申请人： David M. Kramer
发明人： David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： G01M11/00
CPC分类号： G01M11/31
摘要： An optical system for individually testing each one of a plurality of fibers for continuity. Each fiber having a proximal end and a distal end with a dichroic reflector at each distal end reflective of wavelengths respective to a source of testing light and transmissive to other wavelengths. The selection of which fiber is to be tested is only a matter of manipulating a rotator element which has the capacity to rotate the angle of polarization by 90 degrees. The polarization of the light determines the respective fiber to be tested.
摘要翻译：一种用于单独测试多个光纤中的每一个以获得连续性的光学系统。每个光纤具有近端和远端，每个远端具有二向色反射器，反射出与测试光源相对应的波长，并且可透射到其它波长。要测试哪种纤维的选择只是操纵具有将偏振角旋转90度的能力的旋转元件的问题。光的偏振决定了要测试的各个光纤。

8. 发明申请

US20080009701A1 FAST SPIN ECHO MRI METHOD COMPATIBLE WITH CPMG VIOLATION 有权
标题翻译：快速旋转ECHO MRI方法兼容CPMG暴露
公开(公告)号：US20080009701A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-10
申请号：US11420224
申请日：2006-05-25
申请人： Hector E. Avram , James D. Hale , Ilya Simovsky , David M. Kramer
发明人： Hector E. Avram , James D. Hale , Ilya Simovsky , David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： A61B5/05
CPC分类号： G01R33/56341 , G01R33/5608 , G01R33/5615 , G01R33/5617 , G01R33/565 , G01R33/56509
摘要： In preferred embodiments, a fast spin echo imaging technique is provided that is insensitive to violations of the Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill (CPMG) condition. Diffusion gradients disrupt the CPMG condition, and, hence, the present fast spin echo method is compatible with diffusion measurements and diffusion weighted imaging. The preferred embodiments of the present technique involve splitting of spin echoes into echo pairs. Spin echoes are split by adjustment (in magnitude or duration) of an initial readout gradient pulse. A train of echo pairs is captured. A first image is constructed using the first echoes of each pair. Also, a second image is constructed using the second echoes of each pair. Hybrid radial Cartesian methods are used for constructing the first and second images. The first and second images are constructed independently of one another. Independent image construction renders the method insensitive to violation of the CPMG condition. Finally, the two images are combined to form a final image.
摘要翻译：在优选实施例中，提供了对违反Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill（CPMG）条件不敏感的快速自旋回波成像技术。扩散梯度破坏CPMG条件，因此，本发明的快速自旋回波方法与扩散测量和扩散加权成像兼容。本技术的优选实施例涉及将自旋回波分解为回波对。旋转回波通过初始读数梯度脉冲的调整（幅度或持续时间）分割。一串回波对被捕获。使用每对的第一个回波构建第一个图像。此外，使用每对的第二回波来构建第二图像。混合径向笛卡尔方法用于构建第一和第二图像。第一和第二图像彼此独立构建。独立的图像构造使得方法对违反CPMG条件不敏感。最后，将两张图像合并形成最终图像。

9. 发明授权

US4908573A 3D image reconstruction method for placing 3D structure within common oblique or contoured slice-volume without loss of volume resolution 失效
标题翻译： 3D图像重建方法，用于将3D结构放置在共同的倾斜或轮廓切片体积内，而不会损失体积分辨率
公开(公告)号：US4908573A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-13
申请号：US293859
申请日：1989-01-05
申请人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , Ricardo Guzman
发明人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , Ricardo Guzman
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/36 , G01R33/54 , G01R33/56 , G06T1/00 , G06T11/00 , G06T15/08
CPC分类号： G01R33/4822 , G01R33/56 , G06T11/008 , G01R33/3607 , G01R33/4833
摘要： Variable voxel shifts required for shifting a 3D structure into a common oblique or contoured slice volume based on an existing 3D image are achieved by effecting variable f(x,y) phase shifts in corresponding frequency domain data parallel to a selected axis dimension and then reconstructing a new three-dimensional image having the 3D structure all located within a common oblique or otherwise contoured slice volume such that it may viewed in a single planar image display without loss of volume resolution. Equivalent convolution processes withing the spatial domain may also be empolyed. Oblique or curved reconstructions can thus be made using either originally acquired frequency domain data (used to construct the original image) or frequency domain data obtained by inverse Fourier transforming the available spatial domain data of the images themselves.

10. 发明授权

US06603990B2 Separation and identification of water and fat MR images at mid-field strength with reduced T2/T2* weighting 有权
公开(公告)号：US06603990B2
公开(公告)日：2003-08-05
申请号：US09925520
申请日：2001-08-10
申请人： Weiguo Zhang , David M. Kramer
发明人： Weiguo Zhang , David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： A61B5055
CPC分类号： G01R33/4828 , A61B5/055
摘要： A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method is disclosed for generating and identifying water and fat separated MR images. Image data is first acquired to obtain two echo images with the water and fat signals orthogonal in the first echo image, and parallel/anti-parallel in the second echo image. The effect of background field inhomogeneties are removed, and water and fat images are separated from each other. The separated water and fat images are identified according to the difference of their precessing frequencies.

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