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1. 发明授权

US5838430A Dual beam laser device for linear and planar alignment 失效
公开(公告)号：US5838430A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-17
申请号：US675655
申请日：1996-07-03
申请人： Dan Slater , David M. Kramer
发明人： Dan Slater , David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： G01B11/26 , G01B11/27 , G01C15/00
CPC分类号： G01B11/26 , G01B11/27 , G01C15/004
摘要： A high precision alignment apparatus is provided that utilizes a semiconductor laser device, such as a laser diode, to provide a source laser beam. The alignment apparatus permits the division of a pair of beam components from the source laser beam useful for either linear or planar alignment. A centroid measurement between the beam components provides a corrected reference point that accounts for the inherent instability of the source laser beam to yield a high level of alignment accuracy. For linear alignment purposes, the beam components are collinearly directed. In the alternative, for planar alignment purposes, the beam components may be either collinear or directed in opposite directions, and rotated to sweep respective planar regions. The laser alignment apparatus is capable of providing a level of accuracy heretofore achievable only with gas lasers, while maintaining the economical attributes of commercial semiconductor laser diodes.

2. 发明授权

US6034763A Dual beam laser device for linear and planar alignment 有权
标题翻译：双光束激光器用于线性和平面对准
公开(公告)号：US6034763A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-07
申请号：US170626
申请日：1998-10-13
申请人： Dan Slater , David M. Kramer
发明人： Dan Slater , David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： G01B11/26 , G01B11/27 , G01C15/00
CPC分类号： G01B11/26 , G01B11/27 , G01C15/004
摘要： A high precision alignment apparatus is provided that utilizes a semiconductor laser device, such as a laser diode, to provide a source laser beam. The alignment apparatus permits the division of a pair of beam components from the source laser beam useful for either linear or planar alignment. A centroid measurement between the beam components provides a corrected reference point that accounts for the inherent instability of the source laser beam to yield a high level of alignment accuracy. For linear alignment purposes, the beam components are collinearly directed. In the alternative, for planar alignment purposes, the beam components may be either collinear or directed in opposite directions, and rotated to sweep respective planar regions. The laser alignment apparatus is capable of providing a level of accuracy heretofore achievable only with gas lasers, while maintaining the economical attributes of commercial semiconductor laser diodes.
摘要翻译：提供一种利用诸如激光二极管的半导体激光器件提供源激光束的高精度对准装置。对准装置允许从用于线性或平面对准的源激光束中分离一对光束分量。光束分量之间的质心测量提供了校正参考点，其解决了源激光束的固有不稳定性以产生高水平的对准精度。为了线性对准的目的，光束分量是共线方向的。在替代方案中，为了平面排列目的，光束分量可以在相反方向上共线或定向，并且旋转以扫描相应的平面区域。激光对准装置能够提供迄今仅在气体激光器可实现的精度水平，同时保持商用半导体激光二极管的经济性质。

3. 发明授权

US5928546A Electrical resistance cooker and automatic circuit controller 失效
标题翻译：电阻电磁炉和自动电路控制器
公开(公告)号：US5928546A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-27
申请号：US920655
申请日：1997-08-29
申请人： David M. Kramer , Maurice W. Lee, Jr. , Ivanhoe E. Chaput , Maurice W. Lee, III
发明人： David M. Kramer , Maurice W. Lee, Jr. , Ivanhoe E. Chaput , Maurice W. Lee, III
IPC分类号： A47J37/06 , H05B3/00 , H05B1/02
CPC分类号： H05B3/0023 , A47J37/0611
摘要： An automatic circuit controller for cooking food interposed between electrodes connected with a source of AC by electrical resistance in which the resistance increases until the food is cooked and rapidly declines is formed by a current switching element in series in one wire of the AC source and a current sensing element in series in another wire of the AC source. The sensed current is rectified, reduced in voltage, converted from analog to digital and applied to a microprocessor connected with the switching element for controlling the current applied to the food by delaying the time into every half cycle in response to current measuring circuitry and a zero crossing detector for triggering the switching element on. The microprocessor detects the current peak of electrical resistance of the food and stops the cooking action when the current declines to a predetermined percent of the peak.
摘要翻译：一种用于烹饪食物的自动电路控制器，其通过电阻连接到电极之间的电极进行烹饪，所述电阻通过电阻增加直到食物被烹饪并迅速下降，由AC电源的一根线中的电流开关元件形成，并且电流感测元件串联在交流电源的另一根线中。感测到的电流被整流，电压降低，从模拟转换成数字，并且应用于与开关元件连接的微处理器，用于通过将时间延迟到每半个周期以响应于当前测量电路而控制施加到食物的电流，零用于触发开关元件的交叉检测器。当电流下降到峰值的预定百分比时，微处理器检测食物的电阻的当前峰值并停止烹饪动作。

4. 发明授权

US4899045A Multiple channel fiber optic continuity test system 失效
标题翻译：多通道光纤连续性测试系统
公开(公告)号：US4899045A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-06
申请号：US197931
申请日：1988-05-24
申请人： David M. Kramer
发明人： David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： G01M11/00
CPC分类号： G01M11/31
摘要： An optical system for individually testing each one of a plurality of fibers for continuity. Each fiber having a proximal end and a distal end with a dichroic reflector at each distal end reflective of wavelengths respective to a source of testing light and transmissive to other wavelengths. The selection of which fiber is to be tested is only a matter of manipulating a rotator element which has the capacity to rotate the angle of polarization by 90 degrees. The polarization of the light determines the respective fiber to be tested.
摘要翻译：一种用于单独测试多个光纤中的每一个以获得连续性的光学系统。每个光纤具有近端和远端，每个远端具有二向色反射器，反射出与测试光源相对应的波长，并且可透射到其它波长。要测试哪种纤维的选择只是操纵具有将偏振角旋转90度的能力的旋转元件的问题。光的偏振决定了要测试的各个光纤。

5. 发明申请

US20080009701A1 FAST SPIN ECHO MRI METHOD COMPATIBLE WITH CPMG VIOLATION 有权
标题翻译：快速旋转ECHO MRI方法兼容CPMG暴露
公开(公告)号：US20080009701A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-10
申请号：US11420224
申请日：2006-05-25
申请人： Hector E. Avram , James D. Hale , Ilya Simovsky , David M. Kramer
发明人： Hector E. Avram , James D. Hale , Ilya Simovsky , David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： A61B5/05
CPC分类号： G01R33/56341 , G01R33/5608 , G01R33/5615 , G01R33/5617 , G01R33/565 , G01R33/56509
摘要： In preferred embodiments, a fast spin echo imaging technique is provided that is insensitive to violations of the Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill (CPMG) condition. Diffusion gradients disrupt the CPMG condition, and, hence, the present fast spin echo method is compatible with diffusion measurements and diffusion weighted imaging. The preferred embodiments of the present technique involve splitting of spin echoes into echo pairs. Spin echoes are split by adjustment (in magnitude or duration) of an initial readout gradient pulse. A train of echo pairs is captured. A first image is constructed using the first echoes of each pair. Also, a second image is constructed using the second echoes of each pair. Hybrid radial Cartesian methods are used for constructing the first and second images. The first and second images are constructed independently of one another. Independent image construction renders the method insensitive to violation of the CPMG condition. Finally, the two images are combined to form a final image.
摘要翻译：在优选实施例中，提供了对违反Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill（CPMG）条件不敏感的快速自旋回波成像技术。扩散梯度破坏CPMG条件，因此，本发明的快速自旋回波方法与扩散测量和扩散加权成像兼容。本技术的优选实施例涉及将自旋回波分解为回波对。旋转回波通过初始读数梯度脉冲的调整（幅度或持续时间）分割。一串回波对被捕获。使用每对的第一个回波构建第一个图像。此外，使用每对的第二回波来构建第二图像。混合径向笛卡尔方法用于构建第一和第二图像。第一和第二图像彼此独立构建。独立的图像构造使得方法对违反CPMG条件不敏感。最后，将两张图像合并形成最终图像。

6. 发明授权

US4908573A 3D image reconstruction method for placing 3D structure within common oblique or contoured slice-volume without loss of volume resolution 失效
标题翻译： 3D图像重建方法，用于将3D结构放置在共同的倾斜或轮廓切片体积内，而不会损失体积分辨率
公开(公告)号：US4908573A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-13
申请号：US293859
申请日：1989-01-05
申请人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , Ricardo Guzman
发明人： Leon Kaufman , David M. Kramer , Ricardo Guzman
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01R33/36 , G01R33/54 , G01R33/56 , G06T1/00 , G06T11/00 , G06T15/08
CPC分类号： G01R33/4822 , G01R33/56 , G06T11/008 , G01R33/3607 , G01R33/4833
摘要： Variable voxel shifts required for shifting a 3D structure into a common oblique or contoured slice volume based on an existing 3D image are achieved by effecting variable f(x,y) phase shifts in corresponding frequency domain data parallel to a selected axis dimension and then reconstructing a new three-dimensional image having the 3D structure all located within a common oblique or otherwise contoured slice volume such that it may viewed in a single planar image display without loss of volume resolution. Equivalent convolution processes withing the spatial domain may also be empolyed. Oblique or curved reconstructions can thus be made using either originally acquired frequency domain data (used to construct the original image) or frequency domain data obtained by inverse Fourier transforming the available spatial domain data of the images themselves.

7. 发明授权

US4665367A Multiplexed magnetic resonance imaging of volumetric regions 失效
标题翻译：体积区域的多重磁共振成像
公开(公告)号：US4665367A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-12
申请号：US766613
申请日：1985-08-16
申请人： David M. Kramer , Hong-Ning Yeung , Russell A. Compton
发明人： David M. Kramer , Hong-Ning Yeung , Russell A. Compton
IPC分类号： A61B10/00 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/48 , G01R33/54 , G01R33/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/4835 , G01R33/4828
摘要： In a magnetic resonance imaging system, a multiplexing technique is used to image volumetric regions by performing a number of scans within the recovery time of the spin systems. The multiple scans acquire signal information from sub-regional volumes by phase-encoding in the direction of the excitation gradient.
摘要翻译：在磁共振成像系统中，复用技术用于通过在旋转系统的恢复时间内执行多次扫描来对体积区域进行成像。多次扫描通过在激发梯度的方向上的相位编码从子区域体积获取信号信息。

8. 发明授权

US06603990B2 Separation and identification of water and fat MR images at mid-field strength with reduced T2/T2* weighting 有权
公开(公告)号：US06603990B2
公开(公告)日：2003-08-05
申请号：US09925520
申请日：2001-08-10
申请人： Weiguo Zhang , David M. Kramer
发明人： Weiguo Zhang , David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： A61B5055
CPC分类号： G01R33/4828 , A61B5/055
摘要： A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method is disclosed for generating and identifying water and fat separated MR images. Image data is first acquired to obtain two echo images with the water and fat signals orthogonal in the first echo image, and parallel/anti-parallel in the second echo image. The effect of background field inhomogeneties are removed, and water and fat images are separated from each other. The separated water and fat images are identified according to the difference of their precessing frequencies.

9. 发明授权

US5652514A Correction for field variation in steady-state MRI by repeated acquisition of zero k-space line 失效
标题翻译：通过重复采集零k空间线来校正稳态MRI中的场变化
公开(公告)号：US5652514A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-29
申请号：US621240
申请日：1996-03-25
申请人： Weiguo Zhang , David M. Kramer , David M. Goldhaber
发明人： Weiguo Zhang , David M. Kramer , David M. Goldhaber
IPC分类号： G01R33/54 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/565 , G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01R33/56563
摘要： Methods and apparatus for correcting image artefacts caused by variations in the main magnetic field of an MRI system are disclosed, particularly for MRI with steady-state spin precession. For field correction in MRI with steady-state spin precession, the effects of the field changes can be corrected by quantifying the time course of the field drifts by repeated acquisition of the zero k-space lines. The change in the phase between consecutive zero k-space lines is used as an indicator of field variation and for correction of associated image artifacts. By using for field correction the zero k-space lines acquired using the imaging sequence itself, the steady-states of spin precession are undisturbed throughout the MRI data acquisition.
摘要翻译：公开了用于校正由MRI系统的主磁场的变化引起的图像伪像的方法和装置，特别是对于具有稳态旋转进动的MRI。对于具有稳态自旋进动的MRI中的场校正，可以通过重复采集零k空间线来量化场漂移的时间过程来校正场变化的影响。使用连续零k空间线之间的相位变化作为场变化的指示符和用于校正相关联的图像伪像。通过使用场校正，使用成像序列本身获取的零k空间线，自旋进动的稳态在整个MRI数据采集期间不受干扰。

10. 发明授权

US5277741A Sealing apparatus 失效
标题翻译：密封装置
公开(公告)号：US5277741A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US926239
申请日：1992-08-06
申请人： David M. Kramer
发明人： David M. Kramer
IPC分类号： B31B1/84 , B65D77/22 , B65C9/36
CPC分类号： B65D77/225 , B31B2201/9085 , Y10T156/1707 , Y10T156/171
摘要： A sealing apparatus for applying seals, such as valves, over a pressure relief passage of a container. Displaceable retention members, positioned next to a platen having an applicator surface, releasably secure one or more seals adjacent the applicator surface prior to attachment to the container. A seal attachment element moves the applicator surface toward and into a seal attachment position adjacent the container. As the applicator surface moves, the displaceable retention members release to, in turn, effectuate attachment of the seals over the pressure relief passage. A retraction element operatively attached to the platen causes return movement of the applicator surface and, in turn, return of the displaceable retention members back into a seal retaining position.
摘要翻译：一种用于在容器的压力释放通道上施加诸如阀之类的密封件的密封装置。位于具有施用器表面的压板旁边的可移动保持构件在附接到容器之前可释放地固定邻近施用器表面的一个或多个密封件。密封附接元件将施加器表面朝向和邻近容器的密封件附接位置移动。当施加器表面移动时，可移动的保持构件释放，从而实现密封件在压力释放通道上的附接。可操作地附接到压盘的回缩元件引起涂抹器表面的返回运动，并且使可移动的保持构件返回到密封保持位置。

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