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1. 发明授权

US3999857A Refractive index detector 失效
$Refractive index detector$
标题翻译：折射率检测器
公开(公告)号：US3999857A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-28
申请号：US582064
申请日：1975-05-29
申请人： Donald J. David , David A. Shaw , Huel C. Tucker
发明人： Donald J. David , David A. Shaw , Huel C. Tucker
IPC分类号： G01N21/43 , G01N21/46
CPC分类号： G01N21/431
摘要： A refractive index detector is described comprising a waveguide, means for contacting said waveguide with a fluid, a light source and means to transmit light into said waveguide, means for detecting light exiting from said waveguide as an indication of the refractive index of said fluid and means to automatically change the angle of incidence of the light entering said waveguide in response to changes of refractive index of said fluid. A preferred embodiment of the detector for use as a detector for gradient elution chromatography has means to indicate the rate of change of refractive index. A preferred means to automatically change the angle of incidence of the light entering the waveguide is a movable prism. It is preferred to use a monochromatic light source in the detector. It is preferred to provide reference means for the detector to compensate for changes in intensity of the light output from said light source. A process for determining the refractive index of effluent from a gradient elution liquid chromatograph is described comprising continuously measuring the differential of the refractive index of said effluent to compensate for the change in refractive index resulting from the continuously changing composition of the elution solution.
摘要翻译：描述了一种折射率检测器，其包括波导，用于使所述波导与流体接触的装置，光源和将光透射到所述波导中的装置，用于检测从所述波导出射的光作为所述流体的折射率的指示; 用于响应于所述流体的折射率的变化而自动改变进入所述波导的光的入射角的装置。用作梯度洗脱色谱检测器的检测器的优选实施方案具有指示折射率变化率的装置。自动改变进入波导管的光的入射角的优选方法是可动棱镜。优选在检测器中使用单色光源。优选提供用于检测器的参考装置以补偿从所述光源输出的光的强度变化。描述了用于确定来自梯度洗脱液相色谱仪的流出物的折射率的方法，其包括连续测量所述流出物的折射率的差异，以补偿由洗脱溶液的连续变化的组成引起的折射率的变化。

2. 发明授权

US3989702A Flame retardant 失效
标题翻译：不易燃的
公开(公告)号：US3989702A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-02
申请号：US490607
申请日：1974-07-22
申请人： Albert Y. Garner
发明人： Albert Y. Garner
IPC分类号： C07F9/6521 , D06M13/44 , C07D251/66 , C09K3/28
CPC分类号： C07F9/65217 , D06M13/44 , Y10T442/268
摘要： Mixtures comprising compounds of the formula ##EQU1## wherein A is either NH.sub.2 or N=P(NH.sub.2).sub.3, provided at least one A is N=P(NH.sub.2).sub.3, have been found to be good flame-retardants for material made from cotton or polyester-cotton having about 30 to 70% by weight cotton. Conveniently the material can be treated with an aqueous solution containing a sufficient amount of said mixtures and the material dried to make the material self extinguishing. Then the treated and dried material is cured at a sufficient temperature to bond said compounds to the material. Alternatively and usually preferably the drying and curing can be accomplished as a single operation.
摘要翻译：包含式A | C ANGLE NN | PARALLEL A-CC-A ANGLE N的化合物的混合物，其中A为NH 2或N = P（NH 2）3，提供至少一个A为N = P（NH 2）3，被发现是由具有约30至70重量％棉的棉或聚酯棉制成的材料的良好阻燃剂。方便地，可以用含有足够量的所述混合物的水溶液处理该材料，并干燥材料以使材料自熄。然后处理和干燥的材料在足够的温度下固化以将所述化合物结合到材料上。或者，通常优选干燥和固化可以作为单次操作来实现。

3. 发明授权

US3959197A Use of solvent mixtures in making foamable compositions 失效
标题翻译：使用溶剂混合物制备可发泡组合物
公开(公告)号：US3959197A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-25
申请号：US503903
申请日：1974-09-06
申请人： Ival O. Salyer , James L. Schwendeman , Robert T. Jefferson
发明人： Ival O. Salyer , James L. Schwendeman , Robert T. Jefferson
IPC分类号： C08J9/00 , C08J9/14 , C08J9/16 , C08K5/01 , C08K5/02 , C08K5/15
CPC分类号： C08J9/0061 , C08J9/0066 , C08J9/144 , C08J9/149 , C08K3/24 , C08K5/42 , C08K7/28 , C08J2461/00 , Y10S264/05 , Y10S264/06 , Y10S521/908 , Y10S521/91
摘要： A process for rapidly producing a substantially uniform, solid, cellular thermoplastic article comprising the steps of: (a) charging a vessel with (1) a solid thermoplastic polymer, (2) a solvent mixture the amount of which in the range of from about 25-50% by weight of said polymer boils at or below 0.degree.C. and to prevent shrinkage the minor amount of which in the range of from about 3-30% by weight of said polymer boils at or near 20.degree.C., said solvent mixture being capable of forming a gel with the polymer when subjected to super-atmospheric pressure, (3) water in sufficient amount to lubricate the flow of the gel from the vessel as specified in step (c) below, and (4) for homogeneous polymer solutions a nucleating agent selected from the group consisting of spherical polyethylene powder, glass hollow spheres, phenolic hollow spheres and mixtures thereof; (b) subjecting the contents of the vessel to super-atmospheric pressure at a temperature in the range of room temperature to below the critical temperature of said solvent mixture for a time sufficient to form a flowable gel; and, (c) thereafter rapidly opening an outlet at the bottom of the vessel to cause the gel to flow from the vessel and form the cellular article. Foamable compositions usable in the process to make the cellular articles are described. Major means more than 50% by weight of the solvent mixture and minor means less than 50% by weight of the solvent mixture as the terms imply.
摘要翻译：一种用于快速生产基本上均匀的固体细胞热塑性制品的方法，其包括以下步骤：（a）用（1）固体热塑性聚合物装入容器，（2）溶剂混合物，其量为约所述聚合物的25-50重量％在0℃或低于0℃沸腾并防止收缩，其中所述聚合物的约3-30重量％的少量在20℃或接近20℃沸腾，所述溶剂混合物当经受超大气压力时能够与聚合物形成凝胶，（3）足够量的水以如下步骤（c）中所述从容器中润滑凝胶流，和（4）对于均相聚合物溶液，选自球形聚乙烯粉末，玻璃空心球体，酚醛中空球体及其混合物的成核剂; （b）使所述容器的内容物在室温至所述溶剂混合物的临界温度以下的温度下进行超大气压，持续足以形成可流动凝胶的时间; 和（c）此后在容器的底部快速打开出口，使凝胶从容器流出并形成细胞制品。描述可用于制造细胞制品的方法中的可发泡组合物。主要是指超过50重量％的溶剂混合物，如果术语暗示，则小于50重量％的溶剂混合物。

4. 发明授权

US3955987A Intumescent compositions and substrates coated therewith 失效
标题翻译：膨胀组合物和涂覆的底物
公开(公告)号：US3955987A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-11
申请号：US462273
申请日：1974-04-19
申请人： John L. Schaar , James A. Ellard , John Mann Butler
发明人： John L. Schaar , James A. Ellard , John Mann Butler
IPC分类号： C09D5/18 , C09K21/04 , C09K3/28
CPC分类号： C09K21/04 , C09D5/185 , Y10S260/24 , Y10S428/92 , Y10S428/921
摘要： Intumescent compositions are described which when deposited on a substrate protect the substrate against heat and fire damage for an appreciable time, and these compositions are readily removed from the substrate by water washing or water scrubbing both before and after intumescing. Another advantage of these compositions is that they give off very little smoke when exposed to heat and fire. The most effective of these compositions comprise monoammonium phosphate and/or diammonium phosphate as a heat- and fireproofing agent, urea and/or cyanoguanidine (dicyandiamide) as a gas forming or gas generating agent to promote the intumescence, sucrose (sugar) together with the phosphate to promote initial intumescence at low temperature and titanium dioxide as a heat-reflecting agent. Certain possible alternatives to the compounds named above are also named.
摘要翻译：描述了膨胀组合物，当沉积在基材上时，保护基材免受热和火焰损伤一段可观的时间，并且这些组合物通过在浸泡之前和之后的水洗或水洗均可容易地从基材上除去。这些组合物的另一个优点是当暴露于热和火时它们发出很少的烟雾。这些组合物中最有效的包括作为耐火和防火剂的磷酸氢二铵和/或磷酸氢二铵，作为促进膨胀的气体形成或气体发生剂的尿素和/或氰基胍（双氰胺），蔗糖（糖）磷酸盐以促进低温下的初始膨胀和作为热反射剂的二氧化钛。上述化合物的某些可能的替代物也被命名。

5. 发明授权

US3955029A Process for making flame retardant material 失效
标题翻译：制造阻燃材料的工艺
公开(公告)号：US3955029A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-04
申请号：US490609
申请日：1974-07-22
申请人： Albert Y. Garner
发明人： Albert Y. Garner
IPC分类号： C09K21/04 , D06M15/667 , C09K3/28
CPC分类号： C09K21/04 , D06M15/667 , Y10S428/921 , Y10T428/31786 , Y10T442/268
摘要： The new product, a Cl.sub.3 P=N--N=PCl.sub.3 + NH.sub.3 reaction product, has been found to be an excellent flameretardant for material made from cellulose such as cotton, paper and sponge; polyester, wool and blends thereof. Conveniently the material can be treated with an aqueous solution containing a sufficient amount of the product and the material dried to make the material self-extinguishing. Then the treated and dried material is cured at a sufficient temperature to bond the product to the material. Alternatively, and usually preferably, the drying and curing can be accomplished as a single operation.
摘要翻译：已经发现新产品Cl3P = N-N = PCl3 + NH3反应产物是由纤维素如棉花，纸和海绵制成的材料的优异的防火剂; 聚酯，羊毛及其混合物。方便地，可以用含有足够量的产品的水溶液处理材料，并干燥材料以使材料自熄。然后处理和干燥的材料在足够的温度下固化以将产物粘合到材料上。或者，通常优选地，干燥和固化可以作为单次操作来实现。

6. 发明授权

US4248096A Machine for fatigue testing of materials 失效
标题翻译：材料疲劳试验机
公开(公告)号：US4248096A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-03
申请号：US49428
申请日：1979-06-18
申请人： Alfred L. Marcum
发明人： Alfred L. Marcum
IPC分类号： G01N3/32
CPC分类号： G01N3/32
摘要： A machine for cyclically applying a force to material specimens for testing the fatigue properties thereof. The specimens are positioned between two members, at least one of which moves angularly in a wobble type of action in a cyclic operation. Enclosure members enclose any suitable desired fluid within which the test specimens are tested.
摘要翻译：一种用于对材料试样循环施加力以测试其疲劳性能的机器。样本位于两个构件之间，其中至少一个在循环操作中以摆动类型的动作成角度地移动。封闭构件包围测试样品在其中进行测试的任何合适的所需流体。

7. 发明授权

US4197170A Radiation sources and process 失效
标题翻译：辐射源和过程
公开(公告)号：US4197170A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-08
申请号：US916401
申请日：1978-06-16
申请人： Harold A. Malson , Harold B. Honious , Stanley E. Moyer , Edward F. Janzow
发明人： Harold A. Malson , Harold B. Honious , Stanley E. Moyer , Edward F. Janzow
IPC分类号： C25D7/00 , C25D3/54 , C25D3/56 , G21G4/00 , C09K3/00
CPC分类号： G21G4/00 , C25D3/54 , C25D3/56
摘要： The invention relates to radiation sources comprising a substrate having an electrically-conductive non-radioactive metal surface, a layer of a metal radioactive isotope of the Scandium group, which in addition to scandium, yttrium, lanthanum and actinium, includes all the lanthanide and actinide series of elements, with the actinide series usually being preferred because of the nature of the radioactive isotopes therein, particularly americium-241, curium-244, plutonium-238, californium-252 and promethium-147, and a non-radioactive bonding metal codeposited on the surface by electroplating the isotope and bonding metal from an electrolytic solution, the isotope being present in the layer in minor amount as compared to the bonding metal, and with or without a non-radioactive protective metal coating covering the isotype and bonding metal on the surface, the coating being sufficiently thin to permit radiation to pass through the coating. The invention also relates to a process for providing radiation sources comprising codepositing a layer of the metal radioactive isotope with a non-radioactive bonding metal from an electrolytic solution in which the isotope is present in minor molar amount as compared to the bonding metal such that the codeposited layer contains a minor molar amount of the isotope compared to the bonding metal by electroplating on an electrically-conductive non-radioactive metal surface of a cathode substrate, and with or without depositing a non-radioactive protective metal coating over the isotope and bonding metal on The surface, the coating being sufficiently thin to permit radiation to pass through the coating.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及辐射源，其包括具有导电非放射性金属表面的基底，钪基的金属放射性同位素层，除了钪，钇，镧和锕之外，还包括所有镧系元素和锕系元素由于其中放射性同位素的性质，特别是ium -241，ium -244，钚-238，ium-252和ium-147，锕系系列通常是优选的，并且非放射性键合金属共沉积在表面上通过电解同位素并从电解溶液中接合金属，与接合金属相比，同位素以少量存在于该层中，并且具有或不具有覆盖同种型和结合金属的非放射性保护金属涂层表面，涂层足够薄以允许辐射通过涂层。本发明还涉及一种用于提供辐射源的方法，该方法包括将金属放射性同位素层与来自电解液的非放射性键合金属共沉积，其中与接合金属相比，同位素以少量摩尔量存在，使得通过电镀在阴极基底的导电非放射性金属表面上，并且在或不与非同位素和结合金属上沉积非放射性保护金属涂层，与共轭金属相比，共沉积层含有少量的同位素在表面上，涂层足够薄以允许辐射通过涂层。

8. 发明授权

US4143233A Solar energy collector 失效
公开(公告)号：US4143233A
公开(公告)日：1979-03-06
申请号：US803494
申请日：1977-06-06
申请人： Narinder S. Kapany , Edgar E. Hardy , Thomas A. Orofino
发明人： Narinder S. Kapany , Edgar E. Hardy , Thomas A. Orofino
IPC分类号： F24S23/00 , H01L31/048 , H01L31/052 , H01L31/04
CPC分类号： F24J2/06 , H01L31/048 , H01L31/0547 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/52
摘要： A solar energy collector is described which consists of either a photoelectric cell or a heat-absorbing material mounted within a hollow concentrator. The photoelectric cell has the form of a rod of a monocrystalline element or compound with a generally cylindrical junction spaced at a distance radially inwardly from the outer surface of the rod. The photoelectric cell is mounted within a hollow transparent trough shaped concentrator or body which contains a liquid, e.g. water, which can be made to flow in order to both cool the photoelectric cell, thereby improving its efficiency, and to promote transmission of solar energy to the photoelectric cell by total internal reflectance. The heat absorbing material can be a metal pipe through which liquid can be made to flow to remove heat absorbed by the pipe, and preferably the pipe will be coated black on the outside surface to promote the absorption of heat into the pipe, and/or the liquid in the hollow transparent trough-shaped body can be made to flow over heat absorbing material to recover heat energy.

9. 发明授权

US4115499A Large void-free polyethylene castings 失效
标题翻译：大型无孔聚乙烯铸件
公开(公告)号：US4115499A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-19
申请号：US649628
申请日：1976-01-16
申请人： Ival O. Salyer , Charles J. North
发明人： Ival O. Salyer , Charles J. North
IPC分类号： B29C43/00 , C08L23/06
CPC分类号： C08L23/06 , B29C43/00 , B29K2023/0633 , B29K2023/065
摘要： Large void-free castings of polyethylene can be made by blending high density polyethylene pellets with low density polyethylene powder, followed by heating to above the melting point of the low density polyethylene and below, or only slightly above, the melting point of the high density polyethylene. Flame proofing additives, crosslinking agents and other materials can be readily incorporated into the blend before fusing. The mixture of high density and low density polyethylene significantly reduces the amount of shrinkage which takes place during the cooling from the melting temperature to ambient temperature. The low density polyethylene should have a sufficiently low melt viscosity so that it will flow under small pressures above the melting temperature.
摘要翻译：通过将高密度聚乙烯粒料与低密度聚乙烯粉末混合，然后加热至低于低密度聚乙烯的熔点或低于或稍高于高密度聚乙烯的熔点，可以制备大的无孔聚乙烯铸件聚乙烯在熔融之前，防火添加剂，交联剂和其它材料可以容易地并入混合物中。高密度和低密度聚乙烯的混合物显着地减少了在从熔融温度到环境温度的冷却期间发生的收缩量。低密度聚乙烯应具有足够低的熔体粘度，使其在高于熔融温度的小压力下流动。

10. 发明授权

US4093684A Solid solderable polyurethane data signal recording medium 失效
标题翻译：固体可焊聚氨酯数据信号记录介质
公开(公告)号：US4093684A
公开(公告)日：1978-06-06
申请号：US817894
申请日：1977-07-21
申请人： Leo P. Parts , Edgar E. Hardy
发明人： Leo P. Parts , Edgar E. Hardy
IPC分类号： B23K26/40 , B26F1/24 , B29C35/08 , B29C59/16 , G01D15/34 , G11B7/245 , H05B7/00 , C08G18/80 , C08F2/46 , G01D5/48
CPC分类号： G11B7/245 , B23K26/40 , B23K26/402 , B26F1/24 , B29C59/16 , G01D15/34 , B23K2203/16 , B23K2203/42 , B29C2035/0838 , B29K2075/00 , B29K2105/005
摘要： In a process for data signal recording in which a recording medium is impinged upon by an intensity-modulated, focused laser beam to form a hole in at least one layer of the recording medium, the improvement wherein at least one layer of the recording medium comprises a polymer capable of undergoing residue-free depolymerization and the laser beam is of sufficient intensity to effect said depolymerization.
摘要翻译：在其中记录介质被强度调制的聚焦激光束照射以在至少一层记录介质中形成孔的数据信号记录过程中，其中至少一层记录介质包括能够进行无残留解聚的聚合物，并且激光束具有足够的强度以实现所述解聚。

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