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1. 发明授权

US3959197A Use of solvent mixtures in making foamable compositions 失效
标题翻译：使用溶剂混合物制备可发泡组合物
公开(公告)号：US3959197A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-25
申请号：US503903
申请日：1974-09-06
申请人： Ival O. Salyer , James L. Schwendeman , Robert T. Jefferson
发明人： Ival O. Salyer , James L. Schwendeman , Robert T. Jefferson
IPC分类号： C08J9/00 , C08J9/14 , C08J9/16 , C08K5/01 , C08K5/02 , C08K5/15
CPC分类号： C08J9/0061 , C08J9/0066 , C08J9/144 , C08J9/149 , C08K3/24 , C08K5/42 , C08K7/28 , C08J2461/00 , Y10S264/05 , Y10S264/06 , Y10S521/908 , Y10S521/91
摘要： A process for rapidly producing a substantially uniform, solid, cellular thermoplastic article comprising the steps of: (a) charging a vessel with (1) a solid thermoplastic polymer, (2) a solvent mixture the amount of which in the range of from about 25-50% by weight of said polymer boils at or below 0.degree.C. and to prevent shrinkage the minor amount of which in the range of from about 3-30% by weight of said polymer boils at or near 20.degree.C., said solvent mixture being capable of forming a gel with the polymer when subjected to super-atmospheric pressure, (3) water in sufficient amount to lubricate the flow of the gel from the vessel as specified in step (c) below, and (4) for homogeneous polymer solutions a nucleating agent selected from the group consisting of spherical polyethylene powder, glass hollow spheres, phenolic hollow spheres and mixtures thereof; (b) subjecting the contents of the vessel to super-atmospheric pressure at a temperature in the range of room temperature to below the critical temperature of said solvent mixture for a time sufficient to form a flowable gel; and, (c) thereafter rapidly opening an outlet at the bottom of the vessel to cause the gel to flow from the vessel and form the cellular article. Foamable compositions usable in the process to make the cellular articles are described. Major means more than 50% by weight of the solvent mixture and minor means less than 50% by weight of the solvent mixture as the terms imply.
摘要翻译：一种用于快速生产基本上均匀的固体细胞热塑性制品的方法，其包括以下步骤：（a）用（1）固体热塑性聚合物装入容器，（2）溶剂混合物，其量为约所述聚合物的25-50重量％在0℃或低于0℃沸腾并防止收缩，其中所述聚合物的约3-30重量％的少量在20℃或接近20℃沸腾，所述溶剂混合物当经受超大气压力时能够与聚合物形成凝胶，（3）足够量的水以如下步骤（c）中所述从容器中润滑凝胶流，和（4）对于均相聚合物溶液，选自球形聚乙烯粉末，玻璃空心球体，酚醛中空球体及其混合物的成核剂; （b）使所述容器的内容物在室温至所述溶剂混合物的临界温度以下的温度下进行超大气压，持续足以形成可流动凝胶的时间; 和（c）此后在容器的底部快速打开出口，使凝胶从容器流出并形成细胞制品。描述可用于制造细胞制品的方法中的可发泡组合物。主要是指超过50重量％的溶剂混合物，如果术语暗示，则小于50重量％的溶剂混合物。

2. 发明授权

US4075265A Process for making instant shaped foams 失效
标题翻译：制造即时成型泡沫的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4075265A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-21
申请号：US681884
申请日：1976-04-30
申请人： Charles E. McClung , James L. Schwendeman , Ival O. Salyer
发明人： Charles E. McClung , James L. Schwendeman , Ival O. Salyer
IPC分类号： B29C44/50 , B29D27/00
CPC分类号： B29C44/50 , Y10S264/05 , Y10S264/06 , Y10S264/13
摘要： In a process for rapidly producing a substantially uniform, elongated, cellular thermoplastic article comprising rapidly discharging from a vessel a pressurized gel of a solid thermoplastic amorphous polymer and a gaseous solvent in an amount in the range of from about 25-100% by weight of said polymer, said solvent being capable of forming a flowable gel with the polymer when subjected to superatomospheric pressure, the improvement for shaping the article comprising restraining sufficiently the speed of flow of the gel from the vessel through a die to form the desired shaped article with the gel at ambient temperature in said vessel.
摘要翻译：在快速生产基本均匀的细长的细胞热塑性制品的方法中，其包括从容器快速排出固体热塑性无定形聚合物和气态溶剂的加压凝胶，其量为约25-100重量％所述聚合物，所述溶剂能够在受到超大气压力时与聚合物形成可流动的凝胶，用于成形制品的改进包括充分限制凝胶从容器流过模头的速度以形成期望的成型制品，所述容器中的环境温度下的凝胶。

3. 发明授权

US3954662A Aqueous foam compositions to suppress coal dust 失效
标题翻译：用于抑制煤尘的水性泡沫组合物
公开(公告)号：US3954662A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-04
申请号：US430342
申请日：1974-01-02
申请人： Ival O. Salyer , James L. Schwendeman , Shih-ming Sun
发明人： Ival O. Salyer , James L. Schwendeman , Shih-ming Sun
IPC分类号： C09K3/22 , E21F5/06 , E21F5/02
CPC分类号： C09K3/22 , E21F5/06
摘要： Aqueous foamable compositions can be used to suppress coal dust, especially respirable coal dust, i.e., coal dust having particle size less than about 10 microns. These compositions are composed principally of water with a minor amount of an interpolymer of:A. a polymerizable vinyl ester andB. a partial ester compound interpolymerizable therewith selected from the group consisting of partial esters of ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and anhydrides containing from 4-8 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof; said dicarboxylic acid or anhydride having up to half of its acidic hydrogen atoms replaced by lower alkyl groups of 1-8 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof to bind the coal dust and give body to the foam, and a minor amount of a detergent wetting agent to promote foaming and the wetting of the coal by water.These interpolymers bind the coal dust and reduce or prevent reacrosolation after the foam has collapsed. These interpolymers also serve to give body to the foam, i.e., to promote the desired degree of stability of the foam which in most cases should be of limited duration. Especially good interpolymers are those which are soluble in water at room temperature (25.degree.C.) in the amount required in the composition, e.g. vinyl acetate/maleic anhydride copolymer esters. Nonionic detergents, which are water soluble at room temperature in the amounts needed in the compositions, are suitable wetting agents for promoting foaming and wetting the coal dust. The foams should be of limited duration so as not to interfere with mining operations.
摘要翻译：水性可发泡组合物可用于抑制煤尘，特别是可呼吸的煤粉，即粒径小于约10微米的煤粉。这些组合物主要由具有少量互聚物的水组成：

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