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1. 发明授权

US06411724B1 Using meta-descriptors to represent multimedia information 失效
标题翻译：使用元描述符来表示多媒体信息
公开(公告)号：US06411724B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-25
申请号：US09347214
申请日：1999-07-02
申请人： Gandhimathi Vaithilingam , Mohamed S. Abdel-Mottaleb
发明人： Gandhimathi Vaithilingam , Mohamed S. Abdel-Mottaleb
IPC分类号： G06T700
CPC分类号： G06F17/30038 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99935 , Y10S707/99936 , Y10S707/99945 , Y10S707/99948
摘要： Multimedia information retrieval is performed using meta-descriptors in addition to descriptors. A “descriptor” is a representation of a feature, a “feature” being a distinctive characteristic of multimedia information, while a “meta-descriptor” is information about the descriptor. Meta-descriptors are generated for multimedia information in a repository (10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24) by extracting the descriptors from the multimedia information (111), clustering the multimedia information based on the descriptors (112), assigning meta-descriptors to each cluster (113), and attaching the meta-descriptors to the multimedia information in the repository (114). The multimedia repository is queried by formulating a query using query-by-example (131), acquiring the descriptor/s and meta-descriptor/s for a repository multimedia item (132), generating a query descriptor/s if none of the same type has been previously generated (133, 134), comparing the descriptors of the repository multimedia item and the query multimedia item (135), and ranking and displaying the results (136, 137).
摘要翻译：除了描述符之外，使用元描述符执行多媒体信息检索。 “描述符”是特征的表示，“特征”是多媒体信息的独特特征，而“元描述符”是关于描述符的信息。通过从多媒体信息（111）提取描述符，通过基于描述符（112）对多媒体信息进行聚类，为存储库（10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24）中的多媒体信息生成元描述符），向每个集群（113）分配元描述符，以及将所述元描述符附加到所述存储库（114）中的多媒体信息。通过使用逐个示例（131）制定查询，获取存储库多媒体项目（132）的描述符和元描述符/ s来查询多媒体存储库，生成查询描述符/ s，如果没有相同的先前已经生成了类型（133,134），比较存储库多媒体项目和查询多媒体项目（135）的描述符，并对结果进行排序和显示（136,137）。

2. 发明授权

US06369830B1 Rendering translucent layers in a display system 有权
标题翻译：在显示系统中渲染半透明图层
公开(公告)号：US06369830B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-09
申请号：US09309171
申请日：1999-05-10
申请人： Ralph T. Brunner , Peter Graffagnino
发明人： Ralph T. Brunner , Peter Graffagnino
IPC分类号： G06T700
CPC分类号： G09G5/14 , G06T11/40 , G06T15/40 , G09G5/026 , G09G5/393 , G09G2310/04 , G09G2340/125
摘要： A system and method of rendering overlapping layers in a computer display, such as a windowing system, employs front-to-back assembly of the displayed image. An arbitrary number of overlapping elements, such as windows, can be presented, without requiring temporary storage space or additional off-screen buffers. The front-to-back assembly technique minimizes the number of memory transfers performed in connection with rendering an image, and avoids unnecessary reading and processing of pixels that will not contribute to the final image. Special effects such as semi-transparency, shadows, and irregular shapes can be accommodated and processed in an efficient manner.
摘要翻译：在诸如开窗系统的计算机显示器中渲染重叠层的系统和方法采用显示图像的前后组合。可以呈现任意数量的重叠元素，例如窗口，而不需要临时存储空间或附加的离屏缓冲器。前后组装技术使与渲染图像相关的内存传输次数最小化，避免不必要的读取和处理对最终图像无贡献的像素。可以以有效的方式适应和处理诸如半透明，阴影和不规则形状的特殊效果。

3. 发明授权

US06407762B2 Camera-based interface to a virtual reality application 失效
标题翻译：基于摄像头的虚拟现实应用界面
公开(公告)号：US06407762B2
公开(公告)日：2002-06-18
申请号：US08829107
申请日：1997-03-31
申请人： Mark Leavy
发明人： Mark Leavy
IPC分类号： G06T700
CPC分类号： G06F3/017 , A63F2300/1093 , G06F3/012
摘要： A method and an apparatus for navigating and manipulating a virtual object in a virtual space using a digital camera as an input device are described. The method comprises the following steps. A plurality of video frames are received and analyzed by a video data analyzer to determine whether a predetermined set of data is present. The predetermined set of data includes several variables. First, whether a person is present in the video frame. Second, if a person is present, then whether the person's head is visible in the video frame. If the person's head is visible, then the position of the person's head in 3-D space is determined and recorded. Finally, the orientation of the person's head in 3-D space is also determined. The third variable is to determine whether a hand or hands are visible. If a hand is visible, the position of the hand in 3-D space is determined and recorded. The orientation of the hand in 3-D space is then determined and recorded. Finally, the state of the hand, whether it is open or closed, is determined and recorded. Information related to these three variables provides most of the information needed by a user to navigate through the virtual space and/or to manipulate a virtual object in the virtual space. The recognition of these three variables is obtained using well-known pattern recognition algorithms.
摘要翻译：描述使用数字照相机作为输入设备来导航和操纵虚拟空间中的虚拟对象的方法和装置。该方法包括以下步骤。多个视频帧由视频数据分析器接收和分析，以确定是否存在预定数据集。预定的数据集包括几个变量。首先，一个人是否存在于视频帧中。第二，如果一个人在场，那么该人的头部是否在视频帧中可见。如果人的头部可见，则确定并记录人头在三维空间中的位置。最后，还决定了三维空间中人头的方向。第三个变量是确定手或手是否可见。如果手可见，则确定并记录手在3-D空间中的位置。然后确定并记录手在3-D空间中的方向。最后，确定和记录手的状态，无论是开放还是关闭。与这三个变量相关的信息提供了用户在虚拟空间中导航和/或操纵虚拟空间中的虚拟对象所需的大部分信息。使用众所周知的模式识别算法获得这三个变量的识别。

4. 发明授权

US06266436B1 Process control using multiple detections 有权
标题翻译：使用多次检测的过程控制
公开(公告)号：US06266436B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-24
申请号：US09289777
申请日：1999-04-09
申请人： Thomas Arthur Bett , Tanakon Ungpiyakul , Shawn Timothy Lemery , Robert Jeffrey Giza , Wayne Allen Bernhardt
发明人： Thomas Arthur Bett , Tanakon Ungpiyakul , Shawn Timothy Lemery , Robert Jeffrey Giza , Wayne Allen Bernhardt
IPC分类号： G06T700
CPC分类号： G06T7/70 , G06T2207/30124
摘要： Controlling processes comprising detecting and measuring a parameter, for example presence and location of an element of a good, with at least two determinations as representations of the target parameter, transmitting signals to the computer, and processing the signals to compare the parameter to acceptable conditions. The detection can include three or more replications, optionally each for at least two parameters, optionally using at least two different methods to analyze the signals. The invention contemplates detecting and analyzing the target parameters using two or more analytical tools within the respective image to detect a given component of the product, namely two or more measurements of the parameter on a single visual image. Analytical methods can include averaging the signals, determining the number of signals of common signal duration and/or signal characteristics, computing standard deviation, modifying the signal combination to compensate for an inappropriate signal, and/or comparing the signals to a database of signal combinations. The method can automatically compute probable cause of some anomalies in the signals, develop corresponding responses, and transmit responses to process control, and thence to control devices. The methods can automatically recalibrate determinors, or automatically adjust analysis to a basis of one less determinor, and/or automatically implement back-up inspection of goods, optionally saving images for further analysis, or culling units of product. Digitized visual images represent pixels and pixel combinations. The method contemplates analyzing the pixel representations with at least two determinations of the parameter in respective at least two areas of the image, optionally for at least two parameters at respective replication sites, using software interpretation of selected areas of the visual image.
摘要翻译：控制过程包括检测和测量参数（例如，商品的元件的存在和位置），至少两个确定作为目标参数的表示，向计算机发送信号，以及处理信号以将该参数与可接受条件进行比较。检测可以包括三个或更多个复制，任选地每个用于至少两个参数，可选地使用至少两种不同的方法来分析信号。本发明考虑使用相应图像内的两个或更多个分析工具检测和分析目标参数，以检测产品的给定分量，即在单个视觉图像上的参数的两个或多个测量。分析方法可以包括对信号进行平均，确定公共信号持续时间和/或信号特征的信号数量，计算标准偏差，修改信号组合以补偿不适当信号，和/或将信号与信号组合数据库进行比较。该方法可以自动计算信号中某些异常的可能原因，形成相应的响应，并发送响应到过程控制，从而进行控制。这些方法可以自动重新校准确定器，或者自动将分析调整到一个较少的决定因素的基础上，和/或自动实施货物的备份检查，可选地保存图像进行进一步的分析或淘汰产品单位。数字化视觉图像表示像素和像素组合。该方法考虑使用对视觉图像的所选区域的软件解释，在图像的相应的至少两个区域中的参数的至少两次确定来分析像素表示，可选地针对各个复制位点处的至少两个参数。

5. 发明授权

US06480201B1 Alpha regions 有权
标题翻译：记录alpha区域
公开(公告)号：US06480201B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-12
申请号：US09382270
申请日：1999-08-24
申请人： Ikko Fushiki , Hock S. Lee , J. Andrew Goossen
发明人： Ikko Fushiki , Hock S. Lee , J. Andrew Goossen
IPC分类号： G06T700
CPC分类号： G06T9/005
摘要： An image storage and processing method constructs, clips, fills, and combines arbitrary 2-dimensional shapes in an advanced graphics system. The method supports processing of anti-aliased images by compressing the image into a novel AlphaRegion data structure. AlphaRegion encodes into the data structure both the partially transparent as well as the fully opaque alpha values of an image according to rectangular bands. A band is a contiguous series of scan lines that have the same pattern of alpha values in a single direction. AlphaRegion encoding results in a more compact representation than possible in a conventional bitmap, but without losing the anti-aliasing features. AlphaRegion can be constructed either by supersampling sub-scan lines of an image, from the scan lines of a gray-scale image, from an existing conventional 1-bit Region or alpha mask buffer, or directly from a scan-line conversion of a geometric shape. AlphaRegion stores image data into three arrays, yInfo, xInfo and alphaData. Methods provided with AlphaRegion include rendering methods for filling or clipping the area on the drawing surface and methods for combining two AlphaRegions using boolean combination operators OR, AND, XOR, SUBTRACT, or SUBTRACT_FROM.
摘要翻译：图像存储和处理方法构建，剪辑，填充和组合高级图形系统中的任意二维形状。该方法支持通过将图像压缩成新颖的AlphaRegion数据结构来处理抗锯齿图像。 AlphaRegion根据矩形带将数据结构编码为图像的部分透明以及完全不透明的alpha值。一个带是连续的一系列扫描线，它们在单个方向上具有相同的α值图案。 AlphaRegion编码导致比传统位图中可能的更紧凑的表示，但不会失去抗锯齿功能。 AlphaRegion可以通过对图像的副扫描线，灰度图像的扫描线，现有的常规1位区域或alpha掩码缓冲区进行超级采样，或直接从几何的扫描线转换来构造形状。 AlphaRegion将图像数据存储为三个数组，即yInfo，xInfo和alphaData。 AlphaRegion提供的方法包括用于填充或剪切图面上的区域的方法，以及使用布尔组合运算符OR，AND，XOR，SUBTRACT或SUBTRACT_FROM组合两个AlphaRegions的方法。

6. 发明授权

US06341182B1 Method and apparatus for analyzing an image 有权
标题翻译：用于分析图像的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06341182B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-22
申请号：US09138009
申请日：1998-08-21
申请人： Stephen Peter Fitzgerald , Robert Ivan McConnell , John Victor Lamont
发明人： Stephen Peter Fitzgerald , Robert Ivan McConnell , John Victor Lamont
IPC分类号： G06T700
CPC分类号： G01N15/1475 , G06T7/0012 , G06T7/11 , G06T7/136 , G06T7/155 , G06T7/194 , G06T2207/20036 , G06T2207/30072
摘要： A method of analysing an image to obtain an image value. The image comprises a defined array of pixel values. The method comprises (1) determining the highest pixel value in the image; (2) calculating a lower threshold pixel value from the highest pixel value determined in step (1) in accordance with a predetermined algorithm; and (3) obtaining the image value by statistically analysing the pixel values in the image which lie in a range defined by the lower threshold pixel value calculated in step (2).
摘要翻译：一种分析图像以获得图像值的方法。图像包括定义的像素值阵列。该方法包括：（1）确定图像中的最高像素值;（2）根据预定算法从步骤（1）中确定的最高像素值计算下阈值像素值; 以及（3）通过统计分析位于由在步骤（2）中计算的下阈值像素值所限定的范围内的图像中的像素值来获得图像值。

7. 发明授权

US06279013B1 Interactive newspaper 失效
标题翻译：互动报纸
公开(公告)号：US06279013B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-21
申请号：US09119297
申请日：1998-07-20
申请人： Anthony G. LaMarca , David Goldberg , James D. Thornton
发明人： Anthony G. LaMarca , David Goldberg , James D. Thornton
IPC分类号： G06T700
CPC分类号： G06Q30/02
摘要： A method and apparatus of profile guided printing of a paper document facilitates back channel interaction from a reader for contemporaneous upgrading of the profile in response to document content. The document is printed to include tokens representative of the reader and its content. While being read, the document is redacted by the subscriber in a predetermined manner representing desired changes in the document, or responses to publisher inquiries. The document can be scanned in a smart recycling bin to identify the reader and the desired changes. The reader profile is adjusted by the publisher into an upgraded reader profile upon identification of the reader redactions. Alternatively, a smart wand is used to detect the document and contents and is controlled by the user to indicate changes to the contents. The wand can store the user's and document's identification, and the desired changes and can be downloaded for updating the profile. The next document generated corresponds to the upgraded profile.
摘要翻译：纸文档的轮廓引导打印的方法和装置有助于从阅读器返回频道交互，以响应于文档内容同时升级简档。该文件被打印以包括代表读者及其内容的令牌。在阅读时，该文件由订户以预定的方式编辑，表示文档中的期望的改变，或对发布者的查询的响应。可以在智能回收箱中扫描文档，以识别读卡器和所需的更改。阅读器配置文件在发现阅读器修改后，由发布商调整为升级后的阅读器配置文件。或者，智能棒用于检测文档和内容，并由用户控制以指示对内容的改变。魔杖可以存储用户和文档的标识，以及所需的更改，并可以下载以更新配置文件。生成的下一个文档对应于已升级的配置文件。

8. 发明授权

US06269170B1 Method and system for producing computer generated holograms realizing real time holographic video production and display 失效
标题翻译：用于生成计算机生成的全息图的实现全息影像制作和显示的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06269170B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-31
申请号：US09532257
申请日：2000-03-22
申请人： Tsutomu Horikoshi , Kazuhito Higuchi , Takaaki Akimoto , Satoshi Suzuki
发明人： Tsutomu Horikoshi , Kazuhito Higuchi , Takaaki Akimoto , Satoshi Suzuki
IPC分类号： G06T700
CPC分类号： G03H1/0808 , G03H1/2294 , G03H1/268 , G03H1/34 , G03H2001/0825 , G03H2001/0833 , G03H2001/303 , G03H2210/30 , G03H2210/32 , G03H2210/40 , G03H2210/452 , G03H2210/56 , G03H2210/62 , G03H2226/05 , G03H2240/56 , G03H2240/62
摘要： A scheme for producing computer generated holograms in which a motion vector of each object to be displayed is detected, objects are classified according to their motions, a hologram fringe pattern for each classified group of objects is calculated separately by image processing stored basic patterns, and a hologram to be displayed is produced, by synthesizing all separately calculated hologram fringe patterns. In another aspect, a gaze point of the observer is determined, and a hologram to be displayed is produced by using high resolution hologram fringe patterns for objects located at the gaze point and low resolution hologram fringe patterns for regions other than the gaze point. In another aspect, a distance between each display target object and a hologram plane is obtained, a region of calculations for interference fringes due to each display target object is limited according to the obtained distance, interference fringes due to each display target object are separatedly calculated within the limited region of calculations, and a hologram to be displayed is produced by synthesizing separately calculated interference fringes due to all display target objects.
摘要翻译：一种用于生成计算机产生的全息图的方案，其中检测到要显示的每个对象的运动矢量，根据其运动对对象进行分类，通过图像处理存储的基本图案分别计算每个分类的对象组的全息图条纹图案，以及通过合成所有单独计算的全息图条纹图案，产生要显示的全息图。在另一方面，确定观察者的凝视点，并且通过对位于凝视点处的物体使用高分辨率全息图条纹图案和除了凝视点之外的区域的低分辨率全息图条纹图案来产生要显示的全息图。在另一方面，获得每个显示目标对象和全息图平面之间的距离，根据所获得的距离限制由于每个显示目标对象引起的干涉条纹的计算区域，分别计算由于每个显示目标对象引起的干涉条纹在有限的计算区域内，通过由于所有显示目标对象而合成分开计算的干涉条纹来产生要显示的全息图。

9. 发明授权

US06219435B1 Method and system for producing computer generated holograms realizing real time holographic video production and display 失效
标题翻译：用于生成计算机生成的全息图的实现全息影像制作和显示的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06219435B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-17
申请号：US09532694
申请日：2000-03-22
申请人： Tsutomu Horikoshi , Kazuhito Higuchi , Takaaki Akimoto , Satoshi Suzuki
发明人： Tsutomu Horikoshi , Kazuhito Higuchi , Takaaki Akimoto , Satoshi Suzuki
IPC分类号： G06T700
CPC分类号： G03H1/0808 , G03H1/2294 , G03H1/268 , G03H1/34 , G03H2001/0825 , G03H2001/0833 , G03H2001/303 , G03H2210/30 , G03H2210/32 , G03H2210/40 , G03H2210/452 , G03H2210/56 , G03H2210/62 , G03H2226/05 , G03H2240/56 , G03H2240/62
摘要： A scheme for producing computer generated holograms in which a motion vector of each object to be displayed is detected, objects are classified according to their motions, a hologram fringe pattern for each classified group of objects is calculated separately by image processing stored basic patterns, and a hologram to be displayed is produced by synthesizing all separately calculated hologram fringe patterns. In another aspect, a gaze point of the observer is determined, and a hologram to be displayed is produced by using high resolution hologram fringe patterns for objects located at the gaze point and low resolution hologram fringe patterns for regions other than the gaze point. In another aspect, a distance between each display target object and a hologram plane is obtained, a region of calculations for interference fringes due to each display target object is limited according to the obtained distance, interference fringes due to each display target object are separatedly calculated within the limited region of calculations, and a hologram to be displayed is produced by synthesizing separately calculated interference fringes due to all display target objects.
摘要翻译：一种用于生成计算机产生的全息图的方案，其中检测到要显示的每个对象的运动矢量，根据其运动对对象进行分类，通过图像处理存储的基本图案分别计算每个分类的对象组的全息图条纹图案，以及通过合成所有单独计算的全息图条纹图案来产生待显示的全息图。在另一方面，确定观察者的凝视点，并且通过对位于凝视点处的物体使用高分辨率全息图条纹图案和除了凝视点之外的区域的低分辨率全息图条纹图案来产生要显示的全息图。在另一方面，获得每个显示目标对象和全息图平面之间的距离，根据所获得的距离限制由于每个显示目标对象引起的干涉条纹的计算区域，分别计算由于每个显示目标对象引起的干涉条纹在有限的计算区域内，通过由于所有显示目标对象而合成分开计算的干涉条纹来产生要显示的全息图。

10. 发明授权

US06215898B1 Data processing system and method 失效
标题翻译：数据处理系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US06215898B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-10
申请号：US08839767
申请日：1997-04-15
申请人： John Iselin Woodfill , Henry Harlyn Baker , Brian Von Herzen , Robert Dale Alkire
发明人： John Iselin Woodfill , Henry Harlyn Baker , Brian Von Herzen , Robert Dale Alkire
IPC分类号： G06T700
CPC分类号： G06T7/0075 , G01C11/06 , G06K9/32 , G06K9/6211 , G06T1/20 , G06T7/593 , G06T2207/10012 , H04N13/111 , H04N13/167 , H04N13/189 , H04N13/194 , H04N13/239 , H04N13/246 , H04N13/296 , H04N2013/0081
摘要： A powerful, scaleable, and reconfigurable image processing system and method of processing data therein is described. This general purpose, reconfigurable engine with toroidal topology, distributed memory, and wide bandwidth I/O are capable of solving real applications at real-time speeds. The reconfigurable image processing system can be optimized to efficiently perform specialized computations, such as real-time video and audio processing. This reconfigurable image processing system provides high performance via high computational density, high memory bandwidth, and high I/O bandwidth. Generally, the reconfigurable image processing system and its control structure include a homogeneous array of 16 field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) and 16 static random access memories (SRAM) arranged in a partial torus configuration. The reconfigurable image processing system also includes a PCI bus interface chip, a clock control chip, and a datapath chip. It can be implemented in a single board. It receives data from its external environment, computes correspondence, and uses the results of the correspondence computations for various post-processing industrial applications. The reconfigurable image processing system determines correspondence by using non-parametric local transforms followed by correlation. These non-parametric local transforms include the census and rank transforms. Other embodiments involve a combination of correspondence, rectification, a left-right consistency check, and the application of an interest operator.
摘要翻译：描述了一种强大的，可扩展的和可重新配置的图像处理系统及其中的数据处理方法。这种具有环形拓扑，分布式存储器和宽带宽I / O的通用可重构引擎能够以实时速度解决实际应用。可重构图像处理系统可以被优化以有效地执行诸如实时视频和音频处理的专门计算。该可重构图像处理系统通过高计算密度，高存储带宽和高I / O带宽提供高性能。通常，可重构图像处理系统及其控制结构包括以局部环形配置布置的16个现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）和16个静态随机存取存储器（SRAM）的均匀阵列。可重构图像处理系统还包括PCI总线接口芯片，时钟控制芯片和数据通路芯片。它可以在单板中实现。它从其外部环境接收数据，计算对应关系，并使用各种后处理工业应用程序的对应计算结果。可重构图像处理系统通过使用非参数局部变换随后进行相关来确定对应关系。这些非参数局部变换包括人口普查和秩变换。其他实施例涉及对应，整改，左右一致性检查和感兴趣操作者的应用的组合。

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