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    • 2. 发明申请
    • THERAPEUTIC PREPARATIONS OF HIGHLY UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
    • 高度不饱和脂肪酸的治疗方法
    • WO0149282A3
    • 2002-04-04
    • PCT/US0100507
    • 2001-01-08
    • MARTEK BIOSCIENCES CORPKYLE DAVID J
    • KYLE DAVID J
    • A61K31/20A61K31/23A61K35/70A61K35/80A61P25/00A61P43/00
    • A61K31/20A61K31/23
    • This invention provides a therapeutic composition comprising highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) in an amount and form sufficient to produce normal or supernormal levels of one or more of the respective HUFAs in one or more tissues of an individual in need thereof upon administration of the composition. Preferably, administration of this composition will raise the tissue level of one or more HUFA to over twice normal in a target tissue, more preferably, the tissue level of DHA is raised to over twice normal in the target tissue. Typically, the individual in need of the therapeutic composition is a mammal, especially a human, suffering from a disease selected from the group consisting of cystic fibrosis, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, phenylketonuria, and neurological disorders, including certain neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. Preferably, the levels of one or more of the respective HUFAs, especially DHA, are normalized or supernormalized in membranes of the individual. In another preferred mode of this invention, the HUFAs in the therapeutic composition are in a readily absorbable form, such that the dose of HUFA required to achieve normal or supernormal levels in the individual is lower than the dose required for HUFA-containing triglycerides. For example, the HUFAs may be predominantely in the form of glycerol esters. Preferably at least 70% of the HUFAs are esterified to glycerol; more preferably, the HUFAs are predominantely in the form of diglycerides and/or monoglycerides.
    • 本发明提供包含高度不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)的治疗组合物,其量和形式足以在施用组合物时产生有需要的个体的一个或多个组织中的一种或多种相应HUFA的正常或超常水平 。 优选地,该组合物的施用将使靶组织中的一种或多种HUFA的组织水平升高到正常的两倍以上,更优选地,目标组织中DHA的组织水平升高到正常的两倍以上。 通常,需要治疗组合物的个体是患有选自囊性纤维化,多发性硬化,脑性麻痹,肌萎缩性侧索硬化,苯丙酮尿症和神经系统疾病(包括某些神经变性)的疾病的哺乳动物,特别是人 疾病和精神疾病。 优选地,各个HUFA,特别是DHA中的一种或多种的水平在个体的膜中被标准化或超正规化。 在本发明的另一优选方式中,治疗组合物中的HUFA是易于吸收的形式,使得在个体中达到正常或超常量水平所需的HUFA剂量低于含有HUFA的甘油三酸酯所需的剂量。 例如,HUFA可以主要以甘油酯的形式存在。 优选地,至少70%的HUFA被酯化成甘油; 更优选地,HUFA主要是甘油二酯和/或甘油单酯的形式。
    • 3. 发明申请
    • TROPHIC CONVERSION OF OBLIGATE PHOTOTROPHIC ALGAE THROUGH METABOLIC ENGINEERING
    • 通过代谢工程进行的白藜芦醇的热转化
    • WO0181603A3
    • 2002-05-23
    • PCT/US0112789
    • 2001-04-20
    • MARTEK BIOSCIENCES CORPAPT KIRK EALLNUTT THOMAS F CKYLE DAVID JLIPPMEIER JAMES C
    • APT KIRK EALLNUTT THOMAS F CKYLE DAVID JLIPPMEIER JAMES C
    • C12N15/09C12N1/12C12N1/13C12N15/65C12N15/79C12N15/82C12Q1/02C07K14/415C07K14/47
    • C12N15/8209C12N1/12C12N15/65C12N15/79C12N15/8207Y10S435/946
    • Most microalgae are obligate photoautotrophs and their growth is strictly dependent on the generation of photosynthetically-derived energy. In this study it is shown that the microalga Phaeodaclylurn tricornutum can be engineered to import glucose and grow in the dark through the introduction of genes encoding glucose transporters. Both the human and Chlorella kessleri glucose transporters facilitated the uptake of glucose by P. tricornutum , allowing the cells to metabolize exogenous organic carbon and thrive, independent of light. This is the first successful trophic conversion of an obligate photoautotroph through metabolic engineering, and it demonstrates that methods of cell nourishment can be fundamentally altered with the introduction of a single gene. Since strains transformed with the glucose transport genes are able to grow non-photosynthetically, they can be exploited for the analysis of photosynthetic processes through mutant generation and characterization. Finally, this work also represents critical progress toward large-scale commercial exploitation of obligate phototrophic algae through the use of microbial fermentation technology, eliminating significant limitations resulting from light-dependent growth.
    • 大多数微藻是专性光自养体,其生长严格依赖于光合作用衍生能量的产生。 在本研究中,显示微藻Phaeodaclylurn tricornutum可以通过引入编码葡萄糖转运蛋白的基因进行工程化以导入葡萄糖并在黑暗中生长。 人和小球藻凯斯勒葡萄糖转运蛋白均促进了P的葡萄糖摄取。 三角褐斑,允许细胞代谢外源有机碳,并且独立于光而茁壮成长。 这是通过代谢工程首次成功地营养专一性自养型营养转化,并且表明通过引入单一基因可以从根本上改变细胞营养的方法。 由于用葡萄糖转运基因转化的菌株能够非光合作用生长,因此可以通过突变体的产生和表征来开发光合作用的分析。 最后,这项工作也是通过使用微生物发酵技术大规模商业开发专用光营养藻类的重要进展,消除了光依赖性生长造成的重大限制。