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    • 33. 发明申请
    • SUB-THRESHOLD STIMULATION TO PRECONDITION NEURONS FOR SUPRA-THRESHOLD STIMULATION
    • 亚阈值刺激预先神经元用于SUPRA-THRESHOLD刺激
    • WO2007035910A3
    • 2007-06-07
    • PCT/US2006036962
    • 2006-09-19
    • SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PROD INC
    • GREENBERG ROBERT JMCMAHON MATTHEW J
    • A61N1/00
    • A61N1/36046A61N1/0543
    • In order to generate the smallest phosphenes possible, it is advantageous to selectively stimulate smaller cells. By hyperpolarizing the somas of the large cells selectively with sub-threshold anodic 'pre-pulse' stimuli (making them more difficult to stimulate) and then selectively depolarize the smaller cells one can selectively stimulate smaller cells. Alternatively, one can hyperpolarize the dendrites of the cells with larger dendritic fields by applying sub-threshold anodic currents on surrounding electrodes and then depolarizing the smaller cells in the center. Further, one can manipulate the phases of an individual biphasic wave to affect selective stimulation resulting in more focal responses. It is possible to increase resolution with the 'pre-pulse' described above. One can also effect resolution by modifying the pulse order of the cathodic and anodic phases. Further, one can isolate the effect of the phases by separating them in time (long inter-phase interval) or by making one of the phases long and low amplitude - always keeping equal total charge for the two phases. As an example, one can preferentially stimulate smaller ganglion cells by providing a longer sub-threshold anodic pulse balanced with a shorter supra-threshold cathodic pulse. Preferentially stimulating the smaller ganglion cells will allow stimulation of different brightness levels while maintaining high spatial resolution.
    • 为了产生尽可能最小的光幻视,选择性刺激较小的细胞是有利的。 通过使亚阈值阳极“预脉冲”刺激选择性超极化大细胞的体细胞(使其更难以刺激),然后选择性地使较小细胞去极化,可选择性刺激较小细胞。 或者,通过在周围电极上施加亚阈值阳极电流,然后使中心的较小细胞去极化,可以使具有较大树突状细胞的细胞的树突超极化。 此外,可以操纵单个双相波的相位以影响选择性刺激,导致更多的局部反应。 通过上述“预脉冲”可以提高分辨率。 也可以通过修改阴极和阳极相的脉冲次数来实现分辨率。 此外,可以通过及时分离相位(长相间间隔)或通过使相位中的一个较长和较低振幅来隔离相位的影响 - 总是保持两相的总电荷相等。 作为一个例子,可以通过提供较长的亚阈值阳极脉冲和较短的超阈值阴极脉冲来优先刺激较小的神经节细胞。 优先刺激较小的神经节细胞将允许刺激不同的亮度水平,同时保持高空间分辨率。