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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for smelting titanium metal
    • 冶金钛金属的方法和设备
    • US07264765B2
    • 2007-09-04
    • US10491293
    • 2002-10-11
    • Katsutoshi OnoRyosuke Suzuki
    • Katsutoshi OnoRyosuke Suzuki
    • C22B1/10
    • C22B34/1268C22B34/129C22B34/1295C25C3/02C25C3/28
    • This invention relates to a method and an apparatus for smelting titanium metal by the thermal reduction of titanium oxide (TiO2) to titanium metal (Ti); a mixed salt of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and calcium oxide (CaO) contained in a reaction vessel is heated to form a molten salt which constitutes a reaction region, the molten salt in the reaction region is electrolyzed thereby converting the molten salt into a strongly reducing molten salt containing monovalent calcium ions (Ca+) and/or calcium (Ca), titanium oxide is supplied to the strongly reducing molten salt and the titanium oxide is reduced and the resulting titanium metal is deoxidized by the monovalent calcium ions and/or calcium. The method and the apparatus make it feasible to produce commercially titanium metal suitable for a variety of applications from titanium oxide.
    • 本发明涉及一种通过将钛氧化物(TiO 2)热还原成钛金属(Ti)而熔化钛金属的方法和装置。 将包含在反应容器中的氯化钙(CaCl 2/2)和氧化钙(CaO)的混合盐加热以形成构成反应区域的熔融盐,将反应区域中的熔融盐电解 从而将熔融盐转化为含有一价钙离子(Ca +)和/或钙(Ca)的强还原熔融盐,将氧化钛供给强还原性熔融盐,氧化钛还原 并且所得到的钛金属被一价钙离子和/或钙脱氧。 该方法和设备使得可以生产适合于二氧化钛各种应用的市售钛金属。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Process for treating gold-containing sulfide ores
    • 处理含金硫化矿的方法
    • US5804150A
    • 1998-09-08
    • US805409
    • 1997-02-24
    • Michael TackeWalter PiersonEberhard Stolarski
    • Michael TackeWalter PiersonEberhard Stolarski
    • C22B1/02C22B1/10C22B11/00C22B1/00C22B3/00
    • C22B11/04C22B1/02
    • The ore which contains gold and at least one of the metals silver, copper, nickel, zinc or iron is calcined at temperatures in the range from 500.degree. to 900.degree. C. with the addition of oxygen-containing gas, thereby producing a metal-oxide-containing solids mixture and a SO.sub.2 -containing exhaust gas. The SO.sub.2 containing exhaust gas is brought in contact with aqueous solution, thereby producing a sulfite-containing solution. The solids mixture from the calcination is cooled to temperatures in the range from 50.degree. to 300.degree. C. and is stirred up with the sulfite-containing solution. Metal oxides are dissolved, and a sulfate-containing solution os formed. In a first separating zone, the sulfate-containing solution is separated from the solids, and either the solids are supplied to a gold leaching or the sulfate-containing solution is subjected to a further treatment for the separation of nonferrous metals.
    • 含有金和银,铜,镍,锌或铁中的至少一种金属的矿石在加入含氧气体的同时在500-900℃的温度下煅烧, 含氧化物的固体混合物和含SO 2的废气。 使含SO 2的废气与水溶液接触,从而产生含亚硫酸盐的溶液。 将来自煅烧的固体混合物冷却至50℃至300℃的温度,并与含亚硫酸盐的溶液一起搅拌。 溶解金属氧化物,形成含硫酸盐溶液。 在第一分离区中,将含硫酸盐的溶液与固体分离,并将固体供应至金浸出,或者将含硫酸盐溶液进一步处理以分离有色金属。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Apparatus for surface hardening of refractory metal workpieces
    • 难熔金属工件表面硬化装置
    • US5324009A
    • 1994-06-28
    • US960830
    • 1992-10-14
    • Willard E. Kemp
    • Willard E. Kemp
    • C21D1/53C21D1/62C23C8/10C23C8/24C23C8/28C22B1/10
    • C21D1/53C21D1/62C23C8/10C23C8/24C23C8/28
    • A process and apparatus for forming a hardened outer shell (40) on a refractory metal workpiece (36) preferably heated in a fluidized bed of metallic oxide particles (38) in an environment of an inert gas and a reactive gas with the reactive gas either oxygen or nitrogen. The workpieces (36) are heated in the fluidized bed to a temperature between 800 F. and 1600 F. for a period of over two hours to form hardened outer shell (40) in two layers (42, 44). Outer layer (42) is an oxide or nitride layer having a thickness (T1) between 10 microns and 25 microns. Inner layer (44) is a case hardened layer of the refractory metal having a thickness (T2) between 25 microns and 75 microns. In one embodiment workpieces (56) may be cold worked by peening from finely divided metal oxide particles (54) to provide a uniform surface texture for subsequent hardening.
    • 一种用于在耐火金属工件(36)上形成硬化的外壳(40)的方法和装置,优选在惰性气体和与反应气体的反应气体的环境中在金属氧化物颗粒(38)的流化床中加热, 氧气或氮气。 将工件(36)在流化床中加热到800°F和1600°F之间的温度两个多小时,以形成两层(42,44)中的硬化外壳(40)。 外层(42)是厚度(T1)在10微米和25微米之间的氧化物或氮化物层。 内层(44)是具有25微米至75微米的厚度(T2)的难熔金属的外壳硬化层。 在一个实施例中,工件(56)可以通过从细碎的金属氧化物颗粒(54)喷丸而进行冷加工,以提供用于后续硬化的均匀的表面纹理。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Method for the flash oxidation of metal concentrates
    • 金属浓缩物的闪蒸氧化方法
    • US4389243A
    • 1983-06-21
    • US197967
    • 1980-10-17
    • Louis H. Jaquay
    • Louis H. Jaquay
    • C22B1/10C22B5/14F23D1/00C22B5/12
    • F23D1/00C22B1/10C22B5/14F23D2214/00F23D2900/00006
    • A burner for the flash oxidation of particles of metal concentrates has three downwardly directed, concentrically mounted tubes each having a venturi nozzle on the discharge end thereof. Finely divided metal concentrates introduced into the annular space between the inner tube and the intermediate tube are accelerated by high pressure oxygen introduced through the inner tube to substantially the velocity of an oxidizing gas introduced into the annular space between the intermediate tube and the outer tube. Means are provided for adjusting the extent that the nozzles on the ends of the inner tube and intermediate tube extend into the nozzles on the ends of the intermediate and outer tubes respectively.
    • 用于金属浓缩物颗粒的闪蒸氧化的燃烧器具有三个向下指向的同心安装的管,每个管在其排放端具有文丘里管喷嘴。 引入内管和中间管之间的环形空间的精细分割的金属浓缩物通过从内管引入的高压氧加速到基本上被引入中间管和外管之间的环形空间的氧化气体的速度。 提供了用于调节内管和中间管的端部上的喷嘴分别延伸到中间管和外管的端部上的喷嘴的程度的装置。