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1. 发明授权

US5130001A Uranium isotope separation by continuous anion exchange chromatography 失效
标题翻译：通过连续阴离子交换色谱法分离铀同位素
公开(公告)号：US5130001A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-14
申请号：US620807
申请日：1990-12-03
申请人： Thomas S. Snyder , Harry M. Ferrari
发明人： Thomas S. Snyder , Harry M. Ferrari
IPC分类号： B01D15/08 , B01D59/30 , B01J41/20 , C01G43/00 , C22B60/02 , G01N30/58
CPC分类号： C22B60/0265 , B01D15/1892 , B01D59/30 , B01J41/20 , G01N30/58 , B01D15/363 , G01N2030/587
摘要： A simple, low temperature process for separating uranium isotopes and producing substantially pure uranium isotope fractions from a crude uranium isotope-containing aqueous feed stock is provided. A uranium isotope-containing solution is fed to an anion exchange resin in a continuously rotating annular chromatograph as a suitable eluant is also simultaneously fed to the rotating chromatograph. A Uranium 235, a Uranium 238 and an impurity fraction are recovered from the chromatograph. The substantially pure uranium 235 and uranium 238 fractions may be subjected to further processing, preferably precipitation with ammonium hydroxide to produce ammonium diuranate, and then calcining to form uranium oxide rich in the desired isotope.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于从含铀同位素的含水原料中分离铀同位素和生产基本上纯的铀同位素馏分的简单的低温方法。将含铀同位素的溶液在连续旋转的环状色谱仪中供给到阴离子交换树脂中，因为合适的洗脱液也同时进料到旋转色谱仪中。从色谱仪中回收铀235，铀238和杂质馏分。基本上纯的铀235和铀238馏分可以进行进一步处理，优选用氢氧化铵沉淀以产生二氢化铵铵，然后煅烧以形成富含所需同位素的氧化铀。

2. 发明授权

US5024749A System and method for continuous separation of isotopes 失效
标题翻译：用于连续分离同位素的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5024749A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-18
申请号：US512238
申请日：1990-04-20
申请人： Thomas S. Snyder , John F. Jackovitz , Harry M. Ferrari
发明人： Thomas S. Snyder , John F. Jackovitz , Harry M. Ferrari
IPC分类号： B01D59/28 , B01D15/08 , B01D57/02 , B01D59/38 , B01D59/42 , G01N27/447 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/34 , G01N30/44 , G01N30/58 , G01N30/60
CPC分类号： B01D57/02 , B01D15/1892 , B01D15/3885 , B01D59/38 , G01N27/44769 , G01N30/58 , G01N30/6047 , G01N30/6052 , G01N30/6069 , G01N2030/342 , G01N2030/587 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/34 , G01N30/44
摘要： The invention is both a system and method for continuously separating heavier from lighter isotopes of a particular element, such as zirconium. The system comprises a housing, a column assembly rotatably mounted with respect to the housing which includes a plurality of vertically oriented separation cells arranged in a circle, each of which contains a packing material, both a feed electrolyte source and a barren electrolyte source, each of which has an outlet mounted in the housing for continuously introducing either a feed electrolyte or a barren electrolyte into each of the cells as they rotate past the outlets, and upper and lower electrodes disposed over the upper and lower ends of the separation cells for inducing the electromigration of the lighter zirconium ions toward the lower ends of each of the separation cells. A drain assembly disposed beneath the column assembly continuously collects isotopic enriched electrolyte from the bottom ends of the separation cells. The speed of rotation of the column assembly is coordinated with the rate of eluant flow through the cells so that the same segments of the annular tray of the drain assembly continuously collect eluant enriched in a particular type of zirconium isotope.

3. 发明授权

US5183548A System and method for continuous separation of isotopes 失效
标题翻译：用于连续分离同位素的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5183548A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-02
申请号：US682839
申请日：1991-04-09
申请人： Thomas S. Snyder , John F. Jackovitz , Harry M. Ferrari
发明人： Thomas S. Snyder , John F. Jackovitz , Harry M. Ferrari
IPC分类号： B01D15/08 , B01D57/02 , B01D59/38 , G01N27/447 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/34 , G01N30/44 , G01N30/58 , G01N30/60
CPC分类号： B01D15/1892 , B01D15/3885 , B01D57/02 , B01D59/38 , G01N27/44769 , G01N30/58 , G01N30/6047 , G01N30/6052 , G01N30/6069 , G01N2030/342 , G01N2030/587 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/34 , G01N30/44
摘要： The invention is both a system and method for continuously separating heavier from lighter isotopes of a particular element, such as zirconium. The system comprises a housing, a column assembly rotatably mounted with respect to the housing which includes a plurality of vertically oriented separation cells arranged in a circle, each of which contains a packing material, both a feed electrolyte source and a barren electrolyte source, each of which has an outlet mounted in the housing for continuously introducing either a feed electrolyte or a barren electrolyte into each of the cells as they rotate past the outlets, and upper and lower electrodes disposed over the upper and lower ends of the separation cells for inducing the electromigration of the lighter zirconium ions toward the lower ends of each of the separation cells. A drain assembly disposed beneath the column assembly continuously collects isotopic enriched electrolyte from the bottom ends of the separation cells. The speed of rotation of the column assembly is coordinated with the rate of eluant flow through the cells so that the same segments of the annular tray of the drain assembly continuously collect eluant enriched in a particular type of zirconium isotope.
摘要翻译：本发明是用于连续分离较重的特定元素如锆的较轻同位素的系统和方法。该系统包括壳体，相对于壳体可旋转地安装的柱组件，其包括布置成圆形的多个垂直取向的分离单元，每个分离单元包含填充材料，进料电解质源和贫瘠电解质源，每个其具有安装在壳体中的出口，用于在馈送电解质或贫电解质旋转通过出口时连续引入进料电解质或贫电解质，以及设置在分离单元的上端和下端上的上电极和下电极，用于诱导较轻的锆离子向每个分离单元的下端的电迁移。设置在塔组件下方的排水组件从分离单元的底端连续地收集富含同位素的电解质。柱组件的旋转速度与流过细胞的洗脱液流速协调，使得排出组件的环形盘的相同部分连续收集富集特定类型的锆同位素的洗脱液。

4. 发明授权

US5618502A Zirconium and hafnium separation in sulfate solutions using continuous ion exchange chromatography 失效
标题翻译：使用连续离子交换层析在硫酸盐溶液中的锆和铪分离
公开(公告)号：US5618502A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US502995
申请日：1995-07-17
申请人： Charles H. Byers , Warren G. Sisson , Thomas S. Snyder , Richard J. Beleski , Umesh P. Nayak , Timothy L. Francis
发明人： Charles H. Byers , Warren G. Sisson , Thomas S. Snyder , Richard J. Beleski , Umesh P. Nayak , Timothy L. Francis
IPC分类号： C01G27/00 , B01D15/02 , B01J41/20 , C01G25/00 , C22B3/42 , C22B34/14 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/58
CPC分类号： C22B34/14 , B01J41/20 , C01G25/003 , C22B3/42 , B01D2215/022 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/58 , Y02P10/234
摘要： A method and system for improved continuous ion exchange chromatographic elemental separations of zirconium and hafnium and also for isotopic separations thereof from crude zirconium minerals by using zirconium (also containing hafnium) sulfate feedstock solutions, sulfate eluant solutions, anionic exchange resins, and reduced ion exchange column operating temperatures. The method and system of the invention provides sulfate feedstock solutions by completely converting the carbochlorination products of zircon sand to sulfate solutions prior to feeding to the ion exchange chromatographic column. The method and system of the invention is performed in a continuously operating continuous annular chromatograph (CAC). Nuclear grade substantially purified zirconium and hafnium metals are produced.
摘要翻译：通过使用锆（还含有铪）硫酸盐原料溶液，硫酸盐洗脱剂溶液，阴离子交换树脂和还原离子交换，改进锆和铪的连续离子交换色谱分离的方法和系统，以及与粗锆矿物的同位素分离色谱柱工作温度。本发明的方法和系统通过在送入离子交换色谱柱之前将锆石砂的碳氯化产物完全转化成硫酸盐溶液来提供硫酸盐原料溶液。本发明的方法和系统在连续操作的连续环状色谱仪（CAC）中进行。生产核级基本纯化的锆和铪金属。

5. 发明授权

US5154954A Electrical insulation, manufacturing method, and use thereof 失效
标题翻译：电气绝缘，制造方法及其应用
公开(公告)号：US5154954A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-13
申请号：US501292
申请日：1990-03-19
申请人： Edward J. Croop , Thomas S. Snyder , Dean C. Westervelt
发明人： Edward J. Croop , Thomas S. Snyder , Dean C. Westervelt
IPC分类号： H01B3/00 , H01B7/29
CPC分类号： H01B3/008 , H01B7/292 , Y10S428/92 , Y10T428/1314 , Y10T428/1317 , Y10T428/1321 , Y10T428/1362 , Y10T428/1369 , Y10T428/251 , Y10T428/252 , Y10T428/2933 , Y10T428/294 , Y10T428/2982 , Y10T428/2996 , Y10T442/2475
摘要： Electrical insulation which has good dielectric strength, good radiation resistance, and good thermal resistance at temperatures of up to 500.degree. C. and, preferably up to 1700.degree. C., includes a substrate which is flexible, has the form of a filament, sheet, wrapper, tape or sleeve, and consists essentially of inorganic materials selected from the group consisting of inorganic fibers and metals, metalloids, or alloys; and at least one layer of at least one oxide of an alkoxide-forming element provided on the substrate to impregnate and/or coat same. The insulation is prepared by a process including applying a solution containing an alkoxy gel polymer, optionally additionally containing at least one inorganic material in finely divided form, to the substrate to provide a treated substrate useful as a preform when allowed to set under ambient conditions. The preform is applied to a part by, for example, wrapping, and is heated to pyrolyze the alkoxy gel polymer to its oxide and provide electrical insulation consisting essentially of inorganic materials. The application and pyrolysis steps may be repeated to build up the thickness of the at least one oxide.
摘要翻译：在高达500℃，优选高达1700℃的温度下具有良好的介电强度，良好的耐辐射性和良好的耐热性的电绝缘包括柔性的，具有长丝，片状，包装物，胶带或套筒，并且基本上由选自无机纤维和金属，准金属或合金的无机材料组成; 以及至少一层至少一种形成醇盐的元素的氧化物，其设置在基材上以浸渍和/或涂覆其上。绝缘体通过包括将含有烷氧基凝胶聚合物的溶液（任选地另外含有至少一种细碎形式的无机材料）的溶液施加到基底上来制备，以提供当被允许在环境条件下设定时用作预成型体的经处理的基材。通过例如包装将预成型件施加到部件上，并加热以将烷氧基凝胶聚合物热解成其氧化物，并提供基本上由无机材料组成的电绝缘体。可以重复应用和热解步骤以建立至少一种氧化物的厚度。

6. 发明授权

US5112493A Zirconium-hafnium production in a zero liquid discharge process 失效
标题翻译：零液体放电过程中的ZIRCONIUM-HAFNIUM生产
公开(公告)号：US5112493A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-12
申请号：US624782
申请日：1990-12-10
申请人： Thomas S. Snyder , Ernest D. Lee
发明人： Thomas S. Snyder , Ernest D. Lee
IPC分类号： B01D15/08 , C22B3/44 , C22B34/14
CPC分类号： C22B3/44 , C22B34/14 , Y02P10/234
摘要： A simple, low cost continuous process for separating and purifying zirconium and hafnium which eliminates liquid waste and facilitates the management of RCRA and LLW wastes is provided. An aqueous zirconium and hafnium--containing feed solution is prepared and fed to a continuously rotating annular chromatograph containing a bed of acid exchange resin. An acid eluant, such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid or the like, is fed through the acid exchange bed while chromatograph is rotating, which separates the feed into substantially pure zirconium and hafnium fractions and into RCRA and LLW waste fractions. The zirconium and hafnium are processed further into nuclear quality zirconium and hafnium metals. The acid eluant is recycled for reuse in the chromatograph, and the RCRA and LLW waste fractions are disposed of in solid form.

7. 发明授权

US4584073A Process and apparatus for isotopic enrichment using lasers 失效
标题翻译：使用激光同位素富集的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4584073A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-22
申请号：US564060
申请日：1983-12-21
申请人： Edward J. Lahoda , Herbert A. Burgman , Thomas S. Snyder
发明人： Edward J. Lahoda , Herbert A. Burgman , Thomas S. Snyder
IPC分类号： B01D59/34 , B01D59/00
CPC分类号： B01D59/34
摘要： A process and apparatus for separating an isotope of an element from other isotopes of the element in a compound, where the compound is deposited as a monolayer on small glass beads, and the coated beads entrained in a carrier gas containing a scavenger gas. The entrained, coated beads are exposed to light from a laser that excites the one isotopic compound and causes reaction thereof with the scavenger gas, to form a reaction product, while the other isotopic compounds remain stable. The other isotopic compounds are then separated from the reaction product and the reaction product removed from the beads to provide the desired isotope.
摘要翻译：一种将化合物中的元素的其它同位素与其他同位素分离的方法和装置，其中化合物作为单层沉积在小玻璃珠上，并且包被的珠粒被夹带在含有清除气体的载气中。夹带的涂覆的珠子暴露于来自激发一种同位素化合物的激光的光并引起与清除剂气体的反应，形成反应产物，而其它同位素化合物保持稳定。然后将其它同位素化合物与反应产物分离，并将反应产物从珠粒中除去以提供所需的同位素。

8. 发明授权

US5640704A Process for solidification and immobilization of harmful waste species 失效
标题翻译：固化和固定有害废物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5640704A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-17
申请号：US506057
申请日：1995-07-24
申请人： Thomas S. Snyder , David C. Grant , James T. Hallman , Martin Brownstein , Dwight Goad , Carol Kelly , Lori West
发明人： Thomas S. Snyder , David C. Grant , James T. Hallman , Martin Brownstein , Dwight Goad , Carol Kelly , Lori West
IPC分类号： A62D3/00 , A62D3/33 , A62D101/24 , A62D101/43 , A62D101/45 , C02F11/00 , C04B28/02 , G21F9/16 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： A62D3/33 , C02F11/008 , C04B28/02 , G21F9/165 , A62D2101/24 , A62D2101/43 , A62D2101/45 , C02F2101/006 , C04B2111/70 , Y02W30/91
摘要： The present invention provides methods and processes for immobilizing and solidifying harmful heavy metal and radioactive species within a waste material. The processes of the present invention are also particularly advantageous for immobilizing and solidifying nitrate compounds with a waste material. One embodiment of the present invention is a method that can be carried out by admixing the waste material with cement and a complexant compound to form a grout admixture. Preferably, the complexant compound is an iron compound that can form a hydrated iron oxide in the presence of an aqueous solution. This grout admixture is then allowed to cure and solidify. The grout admixture is placed within a suitable containment vessel for final storage and disposal.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了在废料中固定和固化有害重金属和放射性物质的方法和方法。本发明的方法对于用废料固定和固化硝酸盐化合物也是特别有利的。本发明的一个实施方案是可以通过将废料与水泥和络合剂混合来混合以形成灌浆混合物来进行的方法。优选地，络合剂化合物是在水溶液存在下可形成水合氧化铁的铁化合物。然后使该灌浆混合物固化并固化。将浆料混合物放置在合适的安全壳内，以进行最终的储存和处置。

9. 发明授权

US5183541A Decontamination of radioactive metals 失效
标题翻译：放射性金属的去污
公开(公告)号：US5183541A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-02
申请号：US769998
申请日：1991-10-02
申请人： Thomas S. Snyder , William R. Gass , Samuel A. Worcester , Laura J. Ayers , Gregory F. Boris
发明人： Thomas S. Snyder , William R. Gass , Samuel A. Worcester , Laura J. Ayers , Gregory F. Boris
IPC分类号： C22B61/00 , C25C1/00 , C25C1/08 , G21F9/00 , G21F9/06 , G21F9/28 , G21F9/30
CPC分类号： C25C1/00 , C22B61/00 , C25C1/08 , G21F9/004 , G21F9/06 , G21F9/30
摘要： Technetium is separated from nickel by electro-refining contaminated nickel. Electrorefining controls the electrolyte solution oxidation potential to selectively reduce the technetium from the metallic feedstock solution from Tc(VII) to Tc(IV) forcing it to report to the anodic slimes and thereby preventing it from reporting to the cathodic metal product. This method eliminates the need for peripheral decontamination processes such as solvent extraction to remove the technetium prior to nickel electrorefining. These methods are particularly useful for remediating nickel contaminated by radio-contaminants such as technetium and actinides.
摘要翻译：锝通过电解精炼污染的镍与镍分离。电解精炼控制电解质溶液的氧化电位，以选择性地将金属原料溶液中的锝从Tc（VII）转移到Tc（IV），迫使其将其报告给阳极泥，从而防止其向阴极金属产物报告。该方法消除了在镍电解精炼之前，除去溶剂提取以除去锝之外的周边去污过程。这些方法对于修复被无线电污染物（如锝和锕系元素）污染的镍特别有用。

10. 发明授权

US5110566A Chromatographic separation of zirconium isotopes with reduced waste liquor 失效
标题翻译：锆同位素的色谱分离与废液的还原
公开(公告)号：US5110566A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-05
申请号：US555342
申请日：1990-07-19
申请人： Thomas S. Snyder , Ernest D. Lee
发明人： Thomas S. Snyder , Ernest D. Lee
IPC分类号： C22B34/14 , B01D59/30 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/58 , G01N30/88
CPC分类号： B01D59/30 , G01N30/58 , G01N2030/587 , G01N2030/8809 , G01N30/02 , Y10S423/07
摘要： The isotopes of zirconium can be partially or completely separated by loading an aqueous solution of an ionic compound of zirconium onto a cationic exchange resin with pentavalent phosphorus derived active groups which serves as the stationary phase of a chromatograph, eluting the compound with an aqueous acid and collecting distinct elution volumes representative of each isotope. In a preferred embodiment, the eluant is a strong mineral acid, such as hydrochloric acid and the chromatograph is of a type, such as a continuous annular chromatograph, that it can be operated in a continuous, steady state manner.
摘要翻译：通过将锆的离子化合物的水溶液加载到具有五价磷衍生的活性基团的阳离子交换树脂上，可以部分或完全分离锆的同位素，其作为色谱的固定相，用酸水溶液洗脱化合物，收集代表每个同位素的不同洗脱体积。在优选的实施方案中，洗脱剂是强无机酸，例如盐酸，并且色谱是类型的，例如连续环状色谱仪，其可以以连续，稳定的方式操作。

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