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1. 发明授权

US5618502A Zirconium and hafnium separation in sulfate solutions using continuous ion exchange chromatography 失效
标题翻译：使用连续离子交换层析在硫酸盐溶液中的锆和铪分离
公开(公告)号：US5618502A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US502995
申请日：1995-07-17
申请人： Charles H. Byers , Warren G. Sisson , Thomas S. Snyder , Richard J. Beleski , Umesh P. Nayak , Timothy L. Francis
发明人： Charles H. Byers , Warren G. Sisson , Thomas S. Snyder , Richard J. Beleski , Umesh P. Nayak , Timothy L. Francis
IPC分类号： C01G27/00 , B01D15/02 , B01J41/20 , C01G25/00 , C22B3/42 , C22B34/14 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/58
CPC分类号： C22B34/14 , B01J41/20 , C01G25/003 , C22B3/42 , B01D2215/022 , G01N30/02 , G01N30/58 , Y02P10/234
摘要： A method and system for improved continuous ion exchange chromatographic elemental separations of zirconium and hafnium and also for isotopic separations thereof from crude zirconium minerals by using zirconium (also containing hafnium) sulfate feedstock solutions, sulfate eluant solutions, anionic exchange resins, and reduced ion exchange column operating temperatures. The method and system of the invention provides sulfate feedstock solutions by completely converting the carbochlorination products of zircon sand to sulfate solutions prior to feeding to the ion exchange chromatographic column. The method and system of the invention is performed in a continuously operating continuous annular chromatograph (CAC). Nuclear grade substantially purified zirconium and hafnium metals are produced.
摘要翻译：通过使用锆（还含有铪）硫酸盐原料溶液，硫酸盐洗脱剂溶液，阴离子交换树脂和还原离子交换，改进锆和铪的连续离子交换色谱分离的方法和系统，以及与粗锆矿物的同位素分离色谱柱工作温度。本发明的方法和系统通过在送入离子交换色谱柱之前将锆石砂的碳氯化产物完全转化成硫酸盐溶液来提供硫酸盐原料溶液。本发明的方法和系统在连续操作的连续环状色谱仪（CAC）中进行。生产核级基本纯化的锆和铪金属。

2. 发明授权

US5762890A Zirconium and hafnium separation in chloride solutions using continuous ion exchange chromatography 失效
标题翻译：使用连续离子交换层析在氯化物溶液中的锆和铪分离
公开(公告)号：US5762890A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-09
申请号：US733893
申请日：1996-10-18
申请人： Charles H. Byers , Warren G. Sisson , Thomas S. Snyder , Richard J. Beleski , Timothy L. Francis , Umesh P. Nayak
发明人： Charles H. Byers , Warren G. Sisson , Thomas S. Snyder , Richard J. Beleski , Timothy L. Francis , Umesh P. Nayak
IPC分类号： G01N30/60 , B01D15/08 , B01D59/30 , B01J39/04 , B01J39/26 , B01J41/04 , B01J41/20 , C22B3/42 , C22B3/44 , C22B34/14 , G01N30/58 , G01N30/88 , C01G25/00 , C01G27/00
CPC分类号： B01D59/30 , B01D15/1892 , B01D15/361 , C22B3/44 , C22B34/14 , G01N30/58 , Y02P10/234
摘要： A method and system for improved ion exchange chromatographic elemental separations of zirconium and hafnium elements and also, if desired, separations of the isotopes thereof from crude zirconium minerals by using improved crude aqueous zirconium (also containing hafnium) chloride feedstock solutions, aqueous chloride eluant solutions, cationic or anionic exchange resins, and reduced ion exchange chromatographic operating temperatures. The method and system of the invention provides improved crude aqueous zirconium chloride feedstock solutions by carbochlorinating zircon sand and hydrolyzing and dissolving the chlorination products under controlled conditions to substantially eliminate cross-polymerization of the carbochlorination products, which undesirably yield inseparable zirconium and hafnium co-polymers during hydrolysis, by inhibiting the hydrolysis exotherm and/or the free acid generation during hydrolysis.
摘要翻译：用于改进锆和铪元素的离子交换色谱分离的方法和系统，并且如果需要，通过使用改进的粗制水性锆（也含有铪）氯化物原料溶液，氯化铵水溶液溶液，将其与粗锆矿物分离，阳离子或阴离子交换树脂，以及降低的离子交换色谱操作温度。本发明的方法和系统通过碳氢化锆石砂提供改进的粗氯化锆原料溶液，并在受控条件下水解和溶解氯化产物以基本上消除碳氯化产物的交联聚合，这不利地产生不可分离的锆和铪共聚物在水解期间，通过抑制水解过程中的水解放热和/或游离酸的产生。

3. 发明授权

US06719952B1 Fluidized bed reaction design 有权
标题翻译：流化床反应设计
公开(公告)号：US06719952B1
公开(公告)日：2004-04-13
申请号：US09507605
申请日：2000-02-21
申请人： Wen-Ching Yang , David F. McLaughlin , Timothy L. Francis
发明人： Wen-Ching Yang , David F. McLaughlin , Timothy L. Francis
IPC分类号： B01J818
CPC分类号： B01J8/1818 , B01J8/245 , C01G25/04
摘要： A fluidized bed reactor (10) for chemically transforming reactants to generate a desired product, having a hollow, elongated, vertically oriented reactor housing (12) for confining the reaction and an unobstructed collection path (18) below the reaction zone for funneling the residue of the process to an exit port (32). A central gas inlet (22) proximate the bottom of the reaction zone within the housing directs gas parallel to the vertical axis of the housing to maintain the raw materials in suspension. A plurality of individually controlled peripheral gas jets (24) positioned at least two elevations along the elongated dimension of the reaction housing (12), and located circumferentially around the housing (12) at each elevation, introduce gas at an angle to promote mixing of the entrained materials in suspension. The clog-free collection path (18) below the reaction zone funnels the residue of the process to an exit port (32) where it is continuously removed by a screw feeder (34). A gas sparger (30) below the reaction zone diverts fine agglomerates of the residue back into the reaction stream to increase the efficiency of the process and minimize the residue.
摘要翻译：一种用于化学转化反应物以产生所需产物的流化床反应器（10），其具有用于限制反应的中空的细长的垂直取向的反应器壳体（12）和在反应区下方的无障碍的收集路径（18），用于将残余物的进程到出口（32）。邻近壳体内的反应区底部的中心气体入口（22）引导气体平行于壳体的垂直轴线，以保持原料悬浮。多个独立控制的外围气体射流（24）沿着反应壳体（12）的细长尺寸定位至少两个高度，并且在每个高度处围绕壳体（12）周向定位，以一定角度引入气体以促进混合夹带的物料悬浮。在反应区下方的无堵塞的收集路径（18）将该过程的残留物漏出到出口（32），在该出口处被螺旋进料器（34）连续地移除。反应区下方的气体分布器（30）将残留物的细小附聚物转移回反应物流中，以提高该方法的效率并使残余物最小化。

4. 发明授权

US5017219A Utilization of sponge metal fines 失效
标题翻译：使用海绵金属细粉
公开(公告)号：US5017219A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-21
申请号：US526739
申请日：1990-05-21
申请人： Randy W. Wahlquist , John M. Reinarts , Timothy L. Francis
发明人： Randy W. Wahlquist , John M. Reinarts , Timothy L. Francis
IPC分类号： C22B1/16 , C22B34/14
CPC分类号： C22B34/14 , C22B1/16 , Y10T428/12007 , Y10T428/1216
摘要： Normally reject sponge metal fines, especially those produced by the crushing and screening of a regulus of zirconium and/or hafnium metal sponge, are added to the initial reduction charge of the metal tetrachloride and magnesium metal, and the so-modified charge is then passed through the conventional reduction and vacuum distillation steps to produce a regulus of the metal that has the reject fines incorporated therein by sintering.
摘要翻译：通常拒绝海绵金属细粒，特别是通过破碎和筛选锆和/或铪金属海绵的碎屑而生产的细粉，加入到金属四氯化碳和镁金属的初始还原装料中，然后将经过改性的电荷通过通过常规的还原和减压蒸馏步骤，通过烧结产生具有掺入其中的废料细粉的金属的结垢。

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