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1. 发明授权

US5973462A Method and apparatus of reducing acoustic noise in switched reluctance electric motor 失效
标题翻译：降低开关磁阻电机噪声的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5973462A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-26
申请号：US50881
申请日：1998-03-30
申请人： Ramani R. Kalpathi , Ning Liu , Scott E. Blackburn , Sergei F. Kolomeitsev
发明人： Ramani R. Kalpathi , Ning Liu , Scott E. Blackburn , Sergei F. Kolomeitsev
IPC分类号： H02P25/08 , H02K23/00
CPC分类号： H02P25/08
摘要： A switched reluctance motor drive includes a noise reduction circuit configured to control the decay of current when a motor phase is switched from active to inactive. The current decay is controlled to occur in two stages: a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is controlled by alternately activating and deactivating one of the two switches in the two switch drive topology to obtain a current profile conforming to a predetermined profile. The current decay in the second portion of the inactive interval occurs by keeping both switches off so that it decays naturally. The duration of the first portion of the inactive interval is different for each motor phase, as is the duty cycle of the switch gating signal driving the switch that is alternately activated and deactivated. The scheme reduces the acoustic noise generated during operation of the motor.
摘要翻译：开关磁阻电动机驱动器包括噪声降低电路，其被配置为当电动机相位从有效切换到不活动时控制电流的衰减。电流衰减被控制在两个阶段中：第一部分和第二部分。通过交替地激活和去激活两个开关驱动器拓扑中的两个开关中的一个以获得符合预定配置的电流曲线来控制第一部分。无效间隔的第二部分中的电流衰减是通过将两个开关保持关闭而使其自然衰减而发生的。无效间隔的第一部分的持续时间对于每个电动机相位是不同的，开关门控信号的占空比驱动交替地激活和去激活的开关。该方案可减少电机运行过程中产生的声音噪声。

2. 发明授权

US6107772A Sensorless switched reluctance motor control 失效
标题翻译：无传感器开关磁阻电机控制
公开(公告)号：US6107772A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-22
申请号：US100733
申请日：1998-06-19
申请人： Ning Liu , Ramani R. Kalpathi , Scott E. Blackburn , David C. Reuter
发明人： Ning Liu , Ramani R. Kalpathi , Scott E. Blackburn , David C. Reuter
IPC分类号： H02P8/00 , H02P25/08 , H02P1/46
CPC分类号： H02P25/089
摘要： A method for controlling a motor and a circuit for implementing the method are provided. The method includes the steps of providing current to a first phase coil of a motor and measuring the time for the current to rise between two predetermined levels. Because current rise time is proportional to phase inductance, and therefore, rotor position, the measured current rise time can be compared to a desired current rise time to determine whether conduction intervals in the motor phases are in-phase with the position of the rotor or are lagging or leading the position of the rotor. The method finally includes the step of supplying current to one of the first phase coil and a second phase coil responsive to the measured rise time in order to bring subsequent conduction intervals into phase with the position of the rotor.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于控制电动机的方法和用于实现该方法的电路。该方法包括以下步骤：向电动机的第一相线圈提供电流，并测量电流在两个预定电平之间上升的时间。因为电流上升时间与相电感成比例，因此转子位置，可以将测量的电流上升时间与期望的电流上升时间进行比较，以确定电动机相中的导通间隔是否与转子的位置同相，或落后或引导转子的位置。该方法最终包括对所测量的上升时间作出响应的第一相线圈和第二相线圈中的一个线圈供电的步骤，以使随后的导通间隔与转子的位置相位。

3. 发明授权

US6060858A C-dump switched reluctance hysteresis control 失效
标题翻译： C转储开关磁阻迟滞控制
公开(公告)号：US6060858A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-09
申请号：US135828
申请日：1998-08-18
申请人： Scott E. Blackburn , Ramani R. Kalpathi
发明人： Scott E. Blackburn , Ramani R. Kalpathi
IPC分类号： H02P25/08 , H02P7/05 , H02P7/36
CPC分类号： H02P25/092
摘要： A circuit and method for controlling a switched reluctance motor are provided. The circuit includes a phase coil and a switch that controls a current in the phase coil responsive to a hysteresis control signal. The circuit also includes a current sensor that measures the level of current in the phase coil and a comparator that compares the measured current level to a predetermined upper hysteresis current level. The circuit further includes a hysteresis control signal generating circuit that generates the hysteresis control signal responsive to the comparison signal and a timing signal that comprises a series of timing pulses. The hysteresis control signal assumes a first logic level whenever the measured level of current in the phase coil exceeds the predetermined upper hysteresis current level, thereby opening the switch and allowing current to dissipate from the phase coil. The control signal subsequently assumes a second logic level on the rising edge of the next timing pulse in the timing signal, thereby closing the switch and allowing the level of current in the phase coil to increase.
摘要翻译：提供一种用于控制开关磁阻电动机的电路和方法。电路包括相位线圈和开关，其响应于滞后控制信号来控制相位线圈中的电流。电路还包括电流传感器，其测量相线圈中的电流电平，以及比较器，其将测量的电流电平与预定的上滞后电流电平进行比较。电路还包括响应于比较信号产生滞后控制信号的滞后控制信号产生电路和包括一系列定时脉冲的定时信号。只要相位线圈中测得的电流电平超过预定的上限滞后电流电平，迟滞控制信号就会呈现第一逻辑电平，从而打开开关并允许电流从相线圈消散。控制信号随后在定时信号中的下一个定时脉冲的上升沿采取第二逻辑电平，从而闭合开关并允许相线圈中的电流水平增加。

4. 发明授权

US5861727A System for controlling operation of a switched reluctance motor between multi-phase operating mode and a reduced phase operating mode 失效
标题翻译：用于控制开关磁阻电动机在多相工作模式和减少相位运行模式之间运行的系统
公开(公告)号：US5861727A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-19
申请号：US633600
申请日：1996-04-17
申请人： Scott E. Blackburn , Sergei F. Kolomeitsev
发明人： Scott E. Blackburn , Sergei F. Kolomeitsev
IPC分类号： H02P25/08 , H02P7/00
CPC分类号： H02P23/0027 , H02P25/08
摘要： An apparatus for controlling a switched reluctance machine changes the operating modes between a single-phase operating mode, and a multi-phase operating mode. The switched reluctance motor includes a rotatable rotor, a stator, and a plurality of stator windings defining a corresponding plurality of machine phases. When in the multi-phase mode, all of the plurality of stator windings corresponding to the plurality of machine phases are energized. When in the single-phase mode, stator windings corresponding to a single, selected machine phase are energized. The apparatus includes a logic circuit for sensing a speed of the rotor and generating a speed signal in response thereto, and a comparator circuit. The comparator circuit is responsive to the generated speed signal and is operative for changing the operating mode of the motor from the multi-phase mode to the single-phase mode when the rotor speed reaches a first predetermined level, and for changing the operating mode of the machine from the single-phase mode to the multi-phase mode when the rotor speed reaches a second predetermined level that is less than the first predetermined level. The first and second levels are offset and define a hysteresis operating band to prevent undesirable oscillation or "hunting" between the single-phase mode, and the multi-phase mode. In the single-phase mode, the current reference used for the energized stator windings associated with the selected machine phase is higher, than the corresponding current reference in the multi-phase mode.
摘要翻译：用于控制开关磁阻电机的装置在单相工作模式和多相工作模式之间改变操作模式。开关磁阻电动机包括可旋转的转子，定子和限定相应的多个机械相的多个定子绕组。当处于多相模式时，对应于多个机械相位的多个定子绕组的所有励磁。当处于单相模式时，对应于单个选定机械相位的定子绕组通电。该装置包括用于感测转子的速度并响应于此产生速度信号的逻辑电路和比较器电路。比较器电路响应于所产生的速度信号，并且当转子速度达到第一预定电平时，可操作地将电动机的工作模式从多相模式改变为单相模式，并且用于改变当转子速度达到小于第一预定水平的第二预定水平时，机器从单相模式到多相模式。第一级和第二级被偏移并且限定滞后操作频带以防止单相模式和多相模式之间的不期望的振荡或“振荡”。在单相模式中，与所选机器相关联的通电定子绕组所使用的电流参考值高于多相模式中对应的电流参考值。

5. 发明授权

US5920176A C-Dump topology noise reduction 失效
标题翻译： C-Dump拓扑降噪
公开(公告)号：US5920176A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-06
申请号：US136162
申请日：1998-08-18
申请人： Scott E. Blackburn , Sergei F. Kolomeitsev
发明人： Scott E. Blackburn , Sergei F. Kolomeitsev
IPC分类号： H02P25/08 , H02P1/46
CPC分类号： H02P25/092
摘要： A method and circuit for controlling a switched reluctance motor are provided. The method includes the steps of controlling a current in a phase coil of a motor phase of the motor during an active stage of the motor phase and controlling the current in the phase coil during an inactive stage of the motor phase. The latter step includes the substep of increasing the level of current in the phase coil for a predetermined period of time during the inactive stage of the motor phase. By increasing the current level during the inactive stage, the rate of current dissipation is reduced, thereby reducing acoustic noise. A circuit in accordance with the present invention includes a pair of one-shot circuits connected together in series and responsive to the end of the active stage of the motor phase. The second one-shot circuit generates an output signal that closes a switch connected to a phase coil of a motor phase of the motor for a predetermined period of time during the inactive stage of the motor phase. Closing the switch causes a level of current in the phase coil to increase during the inactive stage of the motor phase, thereby slowing the rate of current dissipation and reducing acoustic noise.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于控制开关磁阻电动机的方法和电路。该方法包括以下步骤：在电动机相的有效阶段期间控制电动机的电动机相位的相位线圈中的电流，并且在电动机相位的非活动阶段期间控制相线圈中的电流。后一步骤包括在电机阶段的非活动阶段期间增加相位线圈中的电流电流达预定时间段的子步骤。通过在非活动阶段增加电流电平，电流消耗的速率降低，从而降低声学噪声。根据本发明的电路包括串联连接在一起并且响应于电动机相的有源级的结束的一对单触发电路。第二单向电路产生一个输出信号，该输出信号在马达阶段的非活动阶段期间闭合连接到马达的马达相位的相位线圈一段预定的时间段。关闭开关会导致相位线圈中的电流水平在电机相位的无效阶段期间增加，从而减慢电流消耗的速率并降低声学噪声。

6. 发明授权

US5729112A Phase current sensing in a bifilar-wound switched reluctance motor drive topology 失效
标题翻译：双相绕组开关磁阻电机驱动拓扑中的相电流检测
公开(公告)号：US5729112A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-17
申请号：US693820
申请日：1996-07-26
申请人： Scott E. Blackburn
发明人： Scott E. Blackburn
IPC分类号： H02P25/08 , H02K29/02
CPC分类号： H02P25/08
摘要： A phase current sensing apparatus is disclosed for use in a bifilar-wound switched reluctance motor drive topology. The phase winding includes a primary coil, and a secondary coil. A power switch is connected in-series with the primary coil, and a common node, which common node is further connected to ground by way of a resistive shunt. The other end of the primary coil is tied to a positive bus of a power supply. The secondary coil, which is oppositely wound relative to the primary coil, has one end tied to the positive bus, and the other end tied to a cathode terminal of a diode. An anode terminal of the diode is tied to the common node. A non-inverting amplifier, and an inverting amplifier are provided and each is responsive to the voltage developed on the common node. The non-inverting amplifier generates a first signal S.sub.1 that is indicative of a primary coil current. The inverting amplifier generates a second signal S.sub.2 that is indicative of a secondary coil current. Each of the first, and second signals S.sub.1, and S.sub.2 are of a positive-polarity. An analog switch is provided, and is controlled by a phase commutation signal that controls the energizing switch, to select one of S.sub.1 and S.sub.2. The output of the analog switch is continuous, and of positive-polarity.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于双卷绕开关磁阻电动机驱动拓扑的相电流检测装置。相绕组包括初级线圈和次级线圈。电源开关与初级线圈串联连接，公共节点通过电阻分流进一步连接到地。初级线圈的另一端连接到电源的正母线上。次级线圈相对于初级线圈相对缠绕，其一端连接到正母线，另一端连接到二极管的阴极端子。二极管的阳极端子连接到公共节点。提供了非反相放大器和反相放大器，并且它们都响应于在公共节点上产生的电压。非反相放大器产生表示初级线圈电流的第一信号S1。反相放大器产生指示次级线圈电流的第二信号S2。第一和第二信号S1和S2中的每一个具有正极性。提供模拟开关，并由控制通电开关的相位换向信号控制，以选择S1和S2之一。模拟开关的输出是连续的，正极性的。

7. 发明授权

US5659452A Method of drive protection for a switched reluctance electric motor 失效
标题翻译：开关磁阻电机的驱动保护方法
公开(公告)号：US5659452A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-19
申请号：US634104
申请日：1996-04-17
申请人： Scott E. Blackburn
发明人： Scott E. Blackburn
IPC分类号： H02H7/08 , H02H7/093 , H02P25/08 , H02H5/04
CPC分类号： H02H7/0833 , H02H7/093
摘要： A method of operating a switched reluctance machine is disclosed, which provides electrical current overload protection. The stator winding motor drive employs a high-side semiconductor switch, along with a corresponding high-side gate driver (which incorporates a bootstrap-type drive circuit). A low-side semiconductor switch, and a corresponding gate driver is also used to thereby define a two-switch per phase topology. The high-side MOSFET switch gate driver must have rising, and falling edges from an associated controller in order for the bootstrap drive power supply portion to function. A drive controller is configured so that it will generate these rising, and falling edges only when the motor is moving, as indicated by a speed signal. Therefore, if the motor stops moving, due to an unexpected load, such as a seized pump connected to an output shaft thereof, the speed signal will so indicate the stall, wherein the controller will not generate a signal having rising and falling edges. A bootstrap capacitor in the bootstrap drive circuit will slowly discharge in the absence of pulses from the controller. Once discharged to a predetermined level, the drive circuit will no longer be able to cause the high-side semiconductor switch to conduct, thus breaking the circuit, and interrupting current flow through the stator winding.
摘要翻译：公开了一种操作开关磁阻电机的方法，其提供电流过载保护。定子绕组电动机驱动器采用高边半导体开关以及相应的高边栅极驱动器（其包括自举式驱动电路）。低边半导体开关和对应的栅极驱动器也被用于由此定义双相开关每相拓扑。高端MOSFET开关栅极驱动器必须具有来自关联控制器的上升沿和下降沿，以便引导驱动电源部分起作用。驱动控制器被配置成仅当电动机运动时才会产生这些上升沿和下降沿，如速度信号所示。因此，如果马达停止移动，由于意外的负载，例如连接到其输出轴的卡住的泵，速度信号将指示失速，其中控制器将不产生具有上升和下降沿的信号。自举驱动电路中的自举电容器将在没有来自控制器的脉冲的情况下缓慢放电。一旦放电到预定电平，驱动电路将不再能够使高侧半导体开关导通，从而断开电路，并且中断通过定子绕组的电流。

8. 发明授权

US06198239B1 Hysteresis control in switched reluctance motors 失效
标题翻译：开关磁阻电机的迟滞控制
公开(公告)号：US06198239B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-06
申请号：US09094803
申请日：1998-06-15
申请人： Scott E. Blackburn
发明人： Scott E. Blackburn
IPC分类号： H02P118
CPC分类号： H02P25/089
摘要： A circuit and method for controlling a current level in a switched reluctance motor phase coil are provided. The circuit includes a current sensor for generating a current indicative signal indicative of a level of current in the phase coil and first and second comparators for comparing the current indicative signal to upper and lower hysteresis band limit signals. The circuit further includes a drive circuit, such as a flip-flop, for generating a drive signal responsive to the first and second comparators and first and second switches disposed on either side of the phase coil for providing current to the phase coil. The first switch is responsive to the drive signal and a phase control signal to maintain the current in the coil within the hysteresis band defined by the upper and lower hysteresis band limit signals.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于控制开关磁阻电动机相线圈中的电流电平的电路和方法。该电路包括用于产生指示相位线圈中的电流电平的电流指示信号的电流传感器，以及用于将当前指示信号与上限和下限磁滞带限制信号进行比较的第一和第二比较器。电路还包括用于产生响应于第一和第二比较器的驱动信号的驱动电路，例如触发器，以及设置在相线圈两侧的第一和第二开关，用于向相线圈提供电流。第一开关响应于驱动信号和相位控制信号，以将线圈中的电流维持在由上限和下限滞后带限制信号限定的滞后带内。

9. 发明授权

US5126647A Pulse by pulse current limit and phase current monitor for a pulse width modulated inverter 失效
标题翻译：脉冲宽度调制型逆变器的脉冲电流限制和相电流监控
公开(公告)号：US5126647A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-30
申请号：US509740
申请日：1990-04-17
申请人： Scott E. Blackburn , Alexander Cook
发明人： Scott E. Blackburn , Alexander Cook
IPC分类号： H02M7/5395 , H02P23/00
CPC分类号： H02M7/5395 , H02P23/20
摘要： An average current measuring circuit (40) in accordance with the invention includes a first switch (42) connected between a pair of reference potentials which has a duty cycle which is controlled by a control signal which pulse width modulates current flowing through the switch to a load and varies the current flowing through the switch in frequency; a first current transformer (44) coupled to the current flowing through the first switch for producing an output signal proportional to the current flow; a sampling circuit (46), coupled to the output signal, for sampling current magnitude when the switch is turned on; and an averaging circuit (60) coupled to the sampling circuit, for producing an average signal of successive samples of a current flow through the load.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的平均电流测量电路（40）包括连接在一对参考电位之间的第一开关（42），其具有由控制信号控制的占空比，脉冲宽度调制流过开关的电流为加载并改变流经开关的电流频率; 耦合到流经所述第一开关的电流的第一电流互感器（44），用于产生与所述电流成比例的输出信号; 耦合到所述输出信号的采样电路（46），用于当所述开关导通时对所述电流幅度进行采样; 以及耦合到采样电路的平均电路（60），用于产生通过负载的电流的连续采样的平均信号。

10. 发明授权

US5783916A Apparatus and method for generating rotor position signals and controlling commutation in a variable reluctance electric motor 失效
标题翻译：用于产生转子位置信号并控制可变磁阻电动机中的换向的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5783916A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-21
申请号：US674426
申请日：1996-07-02
申请人： Scott E. Blackburn
发明人： Scott E. Blackburn
IPC分类号： H02P6/18 , H02P25/08 , H02P7/00
CPC分类号： H02P6/185 , H02P25/089
摘要： An apparatus and method for generating electrical signals which are representative of the rotational position of a rotor relative to a stator and for controlling commutation in a variable reluctance electric motor includes a circuit for generating relatively small pulses of electrical current to a non-energized stator winding of the motor. As the rotor rotates relative to the stator, the inductance induced in such stator winding will vary. As a result, the magnitude of the current pulses in the stator winding will increase over time. When the magnitude of such current pulses exceeds a predetermined threshold level corresponding to a predetermined relative rotational position of the rotor, a signal is generated to cause commutation of the motor. Variations in the inductances of the stator windings are compensated for by providing maximum and minimum voltage detector and hold circuits which are responsive to the output signals from the sample and hold circuit. By generating the threshold level as a function of the maximum and minimum signals, such as by a resistive voltage divider network, compensation is made for these variations in inductance. The above functions can be accomplished by a simple and inexpensive logic circuit.
摘要翻译：用于产生代表转子相对于定子的旋转位置并用于控制可变磁阻电动机中的换向的电信号的装置和方法包括用于产生相对小的脉冲电流到无通电的定子绕组的电路的电机。当转子相对于定子旋转时，在这种定子绕组中感应的电感将变化。结果，定子绕组中的电流脉冲的幅度将随着时间而增加。当这种电流脉冲的大小超过对应于转子的预定相对旋转位置的预定阈值电平时，产生一个信号以引起电动机的换向。通过提供响应于来自采样和保持电路的输出信号的最大和最小电压检测器和保持电路来补偿定子绕组的电感的变化。通过产生阈值电平作为最大和最小信号的函数，例如通过电阻分压网络，对这些电感变化进行补偿。上述功能可以通过简单廉价的逻辑电路实现。

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