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    • 6. 发明授权
    • Multiple signal Q-tester
    • 多信号Q-测试仪
    • US06532087B1
    • 2003-03-11
    • US09306008
    • 1999-05-06
    • Michael J. RansfordMinh T. NguyenMichael G. TaylorJeffrey C. LivasVipul Bhatnagar
    • Michael J. RansfordMinh T. NguyenMichael G. TaylorJeffrey C. LivasVipul Bhatnagar
    • H04B1006
    • H04B10/07953
    • An apparatus and method are provided for monitoring the Q-factor of a plurality of main signals that are simultaneously transmitted across a fiber optic line using wave division multiplexing. In particular, the includes an optical tap, a tunable optical bandpass filter, and a Q-detection circuit. The optical tap operates to tap the fiber optic line to provide a plurality of tapped signals corresponding to the plurality of main signals. The tunable optical bandpass filter acts to select one of the plurality of tapped signals, by only passing a selected signal in a chosen channel frequency band. The Q-detection circuit then determines the Q-factor of the selected signal. This operation can be performed sequentially for each of the plurality of tapped signals to provide a measure of the Q-factor for each of the plurality of main signals. This operation can also be continually repeated to provide a constant measurement of the Q-factor of each of the plurality of main signals.
    • 提供了一种用于监视通过使用波分复用同时在光纤线路上传输的多个主信号的Q因子的装置和方法。 特别地,其包括光学抽头,可调谐光学带通滤波器和Q检测电路。 光学抽头操作以分接光纤线以提供对应于多个主信号的多个抽头信号。 可调光带通滤波器仅通过选择的信道频带中的选定信号来选择多个抽头信号中的一个。 Q检测电路然后确定所选信号的Q因子。 对于多个抽头信号中的每一个可以顺序执行该操作,以提供对于多个主信号中的每一个的Q因子的量度。 也可以连续地重复该操作,以提供对多个主信号中的每一个的Q因子的恒定测量。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Optical amplifier having a variable attenuator controlled based on
detected ASE
    • 具有可变衰减器的光放大器基于检测到的ASE进行控制
    • US5963361A
    • 1999-10-05
    • US83214
    • 1998-05-22
    • Michael G. TaylorBalakrishnan Sridhar
    • Michael G. TaylorBalakrishnan Sridhar
    • H01S3/067H01S3/094H01S3/131H04B10/17G01J3/28H01S3/00H04B10/08
    • H04B10/296H01S3/06758H01S2301/02H01S2301/04H01S3/094003H01S3/10023H01S3/1301
    • An optical amplifier is disclosed having substantially uniform spectral gain. The amplifier comprises a variable optical attenuator coupled between first and second segments of active optical fiber. The attenuation of the optical attenuator is adjusted in accordance with the optical power input to the amplifier to thereby obtain substantially flattened gain. Alternatively, the attenuator can be controlled based on the respective gains associated with the first and second segments of optical fiber. For example, the attenuator can be adjusted so that so that the sum of the two gains remains substantially constant, a condition that also yields flat spectral gain. Further, optical powers associated with first and second wavelengths of amplified stimulated emission (ASE) light output from the amplifier can be used to adjust the attenuation of the optical attenuator. In an additional example, received optical powers associated with each of the channels in a WDM system are monitored and the attenuators within each amplifier in the system are controlled so that the received powers are substantially equal.
    • 公开了具有基本均匀的光谱增益的光放大器。 放大器包括耦合在有源光纤的第一和第二段之间的可变光衰减器。 根据输入到放大器的光功率来调节光衰减器的衰减,从而获得基本平坦的增益。 或者,可以基于与光纤的第一和第二段相关联的相应增益来控制衰减器。 例如,可以调节衰减器,使得两个增益的和保持基本恒定,这也是产生平坦的光谱增益的条件。 此外,与从放大器输出的放大的受激发射(ASE)光的第一和第二波长相关联的光功率可以用于调节光衰减器的衰减。 在附加示例中,监视与WDM系统中的每个信道相关联的接收光功率,并且控制系统内每个放大器内的衰减器,使得接收功率基本上相等。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Imaging member containing a copolymer of styrene and ethyl acrylate
    • 含有苯乙烯和丙烯酸乙酯共聚物的成像构件
    • US4853307A
    • 1989-08-01
    • US140441
    • 1988-01-04
    • Man C. TamSteven BloembergenGregory J. KovacsCarol A. JenningsRafik O. LoutfySandra J. GardnerMichael G. Taylor
    • Man C. TamSteven BloembergenGregory J. KovacsCarol A. JenningsRafik O. LoutfySandra J. GardnerMichael G. Taylor
    • G03G5/02G03G13/22G03G17/08
    • G03G13/22G03G17/08
    • An imaging system including a migration imaging member comprising a substrate and an electrically insulating softening layer adjacent the substrate, the softenable layer comprising a fracturable layer of electrically photosensitive migration marking material located substantially at or near the surface of the softenable layer spaced from the substrate, and a copolymer of styrene and ethyl acrylate in at least one layer adjacent the substrate, the copolymer comprising between about 40 and about 80 mole percent styrene, between about 20 and about 60 mole percent ethyl acrylate, the copolymer having a M.sub.n between about 4,000 and about 35,000, a M.sub.w between about 10,000 and about 80,000, a T.sub.g between about 30.degree. C. and about 75.degree. C., and a melt viscosity between about 1.times.10.sup.2 poise and about 1.times.10.sup.6 poise at 115.degree. C.The migration imaging member may be imaged by charging, imagewise exposing to activating radiation and developing with heat, solvent vapor, or solvent vapor pretreatment followed by heat. Some embodiments of the imaged member, wherein the softenable layer contains a charge transport material, may be utilized as a master in a zeroprinting process. The copolymer of styrene and ethyl acrylate may be in an adhesive layer of charge transport spacing layer between the substrate and the sofenable layer, or in the softenable layer itself. If desired, the copolymer in any of the aforesaid layers may be a terpolymer of styrene, ethyl acrylate and a copolymerizable organic acid having carbon-to-carbon unsaturation or a copolymerizable derivative of the organic acid.
    • 一种成像系统,其包括迁移成像构件,所述迁移成像构件包括基底和邻近所述基底的电绝缘软化层,所述可软化层包括位于所述可软化层的与所述基底隔开的表面的表面附近或附近的电光敏迁移标记材料的可破裂层, 和苯乙烯和丙烯酸乙酯在邻近基材的至少一层中的共聚物,所述共聚物包含约40至约80摩尔%的苯乙烯,约20至约60摩尔%的丙烯酸乙酯,所述共聚物的Mn在约4,000和 约35,000,约10,000至约80,000的Mw,约30℃至约75℃之间的Tg,以及在115℃下约1×102泊至约1×10 6泊的熔体粘度。迁移成像构件可以是 通过充电成像,成像暴露于活化辐射并用热,溶剂蒸气或溶剂蒸气预处理进行显影 加热。 成像构件的一些实施方案,其中可软化层含有电荷传输材料,可以在压印过程中用作母体。 苯乙烯和丙烯酸乙酯的共聚物可以在基材和可渗透层之间或在可软化层本身中的电荷输送间隔层的粘合剂层中。 如果需要,任何上述层中的共聚物可以是苯乙烯,丙烯酸乙酯和具有碳 - 碳不饱和键的可共聚有机酸或有机酸的可共聚衍生物的三元共聚物。