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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Address prediction for relative-to-absolute addressing
    • 相对绝对寻址的地址预测
    • US5611065A
    • 1997-03-11
    • US306085
    • 1994-09-14
    • Merwin H. AlfernessJoseph P. KerzmanJohn Z. Nguyen
    • Merwin H. AlfernessJoseph P. KerzmanJohn Z. Nguyen
    • G06F9/355G06F9/38G06F12/00G06F9/26G06F9/34G06F12/02
    • G06F9/342G06F9/383G06F9/3832
    • A base address prediction system for predicting one of a plurality of base addresses to be added to a known relative address in order to generate an absolute address. An actual base address determined from the relative address is also generated. The actual base address determination takes longer to generate than the predicted base address determination, and therefore the predicted base address is used to select a base address as long as the prediction is correct. Circuitry exists to compare the predicted base address with the actual base address, and if not equal, the predicted base address will be nullified, and the actual base address will be used. Prediction modes are dependent on whether the relative address indicates an instruction fetch or an operand fetch. Where the relative address indicates an instruction fetch, the prediction will be based on the last base address used, on the assumption that instructions will be contiguous in a single block of memory. Where the relative address indicates an operand fetch, the prediction will only change upon the occurrence of two consecutive incorrect predictions, and the actual base address will be used during incorrect prediction periods. Staged latching circuitry and comparison circuitry provides a method of determining whether two consecutive predictions were incorrect.
    • 一种基地址预测系统,用于预测要添加到已知相对地址的多个基地址之一以产生绝对地址。 也会生成从相对地址确定的实际基址。 实际的基地址确定比预测的基地址确定需要更长的时间,因此只要预测是正确的,就使用预测的基地址来选择基地址。 存在电路以将预测的基地址与实际基地址进行比较,如果不相等,则预测的基地址将被取消,并且将使用实际的基地址。 预测模式取决于相对地址是指示提取还是操作数提取。 在相对地址指示取指的地方,预测将基于所使用的最后基地址,假设指令在单个存储器块中是连续的。 在相对地址指示操作数提取的情况下,预测将仅在两次连续不正确预测的发生时发生变化,并且在不正确的预测期间将使用实际基地址。 分段闭锁电路和比较电路提供了一种确定两个连续预测是否不正确的方法。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Method for generating an internet protocol suite checksum in a single
macro instruction
    • 在单个宏指令中生成互联网协议套件校验和的方法
    • US5701316A
    • 1997-12-23
    • US521695
    • 1995-08-31
    • Merwin H. AlfernessPeter Bradley CriswellDavid Randal JohnsonJames R. McBreen
    • Merwin H. AlfernessPeter Bradley CriswellDavid Randal JohnsonJames R. McBreen
    • G06F11/10H04L1/00H04L29/06H04L29/08
    • H04L1/0057G06F11/10H04L29/06H04L69/12H04L69/324
    • An Internet checksum for use by TCP/IP is generated in a single macro-instruction called a Block Add Octets instruction. Extraneous overhead of macro-instruction looping and bit masking is eliminated by combining checksum operations into a single macro-instruction using a block add approach. The programmer specifies the address in memory and the number of double-words of message data to be added together within a single instance of the Block Add Octets instruction so that looping and jump/branch instructions are not needed. The Block Add Octets instruction fetches all octets (8-bit data segments) contained in full double words from memory and adds them into the checksum. The method handles partial double words of data, full double words, and odd numbers of double words, whereby a double word consists of four octets. The checksum is calculated using one's complement arithmetic rather than two's complement, thereby increasing the speed of checksum calculation because the "end around carry" is eliminated. The number of octets that can be added to the checksum per processor cycle is greatly increased, thereby significantly improving overall TCP/IP performance.
    • 在一个名为Block Add Octets指令的宏指令中生成TCP / IP使用的Internet校验和。 通过使用块添加方法将校验和操作组合到单个宏指令中,消除了宏指令循环和位掩码的外部开销。 程序员在Block Add Octets指令的单个实例中指定内存中的地址和要添加在一起的消息数据的双字数,以便不需要循环和跳转/分支指令。 块添加八位字节指令从内存中获取包含在全双字中的所有八位字节(8位数据段),并将它们添加到校验和中。 该方法处理部分双字数据,全双字和奇数双字,由此双字由四个字节组成。 使用补码算术而不是二进制补码来计算校验和,从而增加校验和计算的速度,因为“结束执行”被消除。 每个处理器周期可以添加到校验和的八位字节数量大大增加,从而显着提高整体TCP / IP性能。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Method of and apparatus for rapidly loading addressing registers
    • 快速加载寻址寄存器的方法和装置
    • US5379392A
    • 1995-01-03
    • US809386
    • 1991-12-17
    • Merwin H. AlfernessJohn Z. Nguyen
    • Merwin H. AlfernessJohn Z. Nguyen
    • G06F12/02G06F12/06G06F9/35
    • G06F12/0284
    • An apparatus for and method of loading the user addressing base register of a large scale multiprogrammed instruction processor. The base register is normally loaded to permit a user application program to access a different data segment. Providing a base register addressing environment for user application programs permits the software to be developed using virtual addressing. The addressing environment is specified by a stack of base registers. These are loaded from a data store specifying a virtual address for each data segment. During the loading process, an absolute address corresponding to the virtual address is loaded into each base register. To load a base register, a determination is made whether the future value differs from the previous value by a differential offset. If yes, the base register is loaded with an absolute address corresponding to the sum of the previous bank descriptor and the new offset. If no, the new base register value is computed by accessing a bank description table.
    • 一种用于加载大规模多编程指令处理器的用户寻址基址寄存器的装置和方法。 基本寄存器通常被加载以允许用户应用程序访问不同的数据段。 为用户应用程序提供基址寄存器寻址环境允许使用虚拟寻址来开发软件。 寻址环境由一组基址寄存器指定。 这些从数据存储器加载,指定每个数据段的虚拟地址。 在加载过程中,将与虚拟地址对应的绝对地址加载到每个基址寄存器中。 要加载基址寄存器,确定未来值是否与先前值差异偏移。 如果是,基址寄存器将加载与前一个存储区描述符和新偏移量之和相对应的绝对地址。 如果否,则通过访问存储区描述表来计算新的基址寄存器值。