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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Laser remote sensing of backscattered light from a target sample
    • 来自目标样品的反向散射光的激光遥感
    • US07336351B1
    • 2008-02-26
    • US11348938
    • 2006-02-07
    • William C. SweattJohn D. Williams
    • William C. SweattJohn D. Williams
    • G01J3/44G01J3/443G01N21/64G01N21/65G01N21/17G01N21/39G01N21/35
    • G01N21/658G01J3/02G01J3/0208G01J3/44G01N21/6402G01N2021/1793G01N2021/392
    • A laser remote sensing apparatus comprises a laser to provide collimated excitation light at a wavelength; a sensing optic, comprising at least one optical element having a front receiving surface to focus the received excitation light onto a back surface comprising a target sample and wherein the target sample emits a return light signal that is recollimated by the front receiving surface; a telescope for collecting the recollimated return light signal from the sensing optic; and a detector for detecting and spectrally resolving the return light signal. The back surface further can comprise a substrate that absorbs the target sample from an environment. For example the substrate can be a SERS substrate comprising a roughened metal surface. The return light signal can be a surface-enhanced Raman signal or laser-induced fluorescence signal. For fluorescence applications, the return signal can be enhanced by about 105, solely due to recollimation of the fluorescence return signal. For SERS applications, the return signal can be enhanced by 109 or more, due both to recollimation and to structuring of the SERS substrate so that the incident laser and Raman scattered fields are in resonance with the surface plasmons of the SERS substrate.
    • 激光遥感装置包括激光器,以提供波长的准直激发光; 感测光学元件,包括至少一个具有前接收表面的光学元件,以将接收到的激发光聚焦到包括目标样品的背面上,并且其中所述目标样品发射由所述前接收表面再记录的返回光信号; 用于收集来自感测光学器件的重新准备的返回光信号的望远镜; 以及用于检测和光谱分辨返回光信号的检测器。 后表面还可以包括从环境吸收目标样品的基底。 例如,基底可以是包含粗糙金属表面的SERS基底。 返回光信号可以是表面增强拉曼信号或激光诱导的荧光信号。 对于荧光应用,返回信号可以仅由于荧光返回信号的再升高而增强约10 5。 对于SERS应用,由于重新准备和SERS衬底的结构,返回信号可以提高10个或更多,使得入射激光和拉曼散射场与表面等离子体激元共振 的SERS底物。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Method to fabricate a tilted logpile photonic crystal
    • 制造倾斜对数光子晶体的方法
    • US07820365B1
    • 2010-10-26
    • US11779605
    • 2007-07-18
    • John D. WilliamsWilliam C. Sweatt
    • John D. WilliamsWilliam C. Sweatt
    • G03F7/26
    • G03F7/0005B82Y10/00B82Y20/00B82Y40/00G02B6/1225G03F7/201G03F7/2022G03F7/2039G03F7/70008G03F7/70283G03F7/7035G03F7/70725H01J37/3174
    • A method to fabricate a tilted logpile photonic crystal requires only two lithographic exposures and does not require mask repositioning between exposures. The mask and photoresist-coated substrate are spaced a fixed and constant distance apart using a spacer and the stack is clamped together. The stack is then tilted at a crystallographic symmetry angle (e.g., 45 degrees) relative to the X-ray beam and rotated about the surface normal until the mask is aligned with the X-ray beam. The stack is then rotated in plane by a small stitching angle and exposed to the X-ray beam to pattern the first half of the structure. The stack is then rotated by 180° about the normal and a second exposure patterns the remaining half of the structure. The method can use commercially available DXRL scanner technology and LIGA processes to fabricate large-area, high-quality tilted logpile photonic crystals.
    • 制造倾斜对数光子晶体的方法仅需要两次光刻曝光,并且不需要曝光之间的掩模重新定位。 掩模和光致抗蚀剂涂覆的基板使用间隔物间隔开固定和恒定的距离,并且将堆叠夹在一起。 然后将叠层相对于X射线束以结晶对称角度(例如45度)倾斜,并围绕表面法线旋转,直到掩模与X射线束对准。 然后将该堆叠在平面中以小的缝合角旋转并暴露于X射线束以对结构的前半部进行图案化。 然后将堆叠围绕正常方向旋转180°,并且第二次曝光模拟结构的剩余一半。 该方法可以使用市售的DXRL扫描仪技术和LIGA工艺来制造大面积,高质量的倾斜对数光子晶体。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • High quality-factor resonator
    • 高质量因子谐振器
    • US08922301B1
    • 2014-12-30
    • US13283138
    • 2011-10-27
    • John D. WilliamsReza Kamali-Sarvestani
    • John D. WilliamsReza Kamali-Sarvestani
    • H03H7/01
    • H03H7/175H05K1/16H05K1/162H05K1/165
    • A high-Q factor resonator comprises a solenoid having an embedded capacitor assembled in a machineable high-frequency dielectric printed circuit board (“PCB”), or other substrate. The solenoid comprises a plurality of surface conductors positioned on upper and lower surfaces of the PCB. The solenoid further comprises a plurality of conductive vias extending through the PCB between the surface conductors, and at least two aligned vias are separated by a capacitive gap. The device can therefore be described as a coupled circuit having a 1.5 or more turn inductor with an embedded capacitor along the length of the conductive path. Accordingly, a resonator having a high-Q factor is provided which is relatively inexpensive and easy to fabricate.
    • 高Q因子谐振器包括具有组装在可加工的高频电介质印刷电路板(“PCB”)或其它基板中的嵌入式电容器的螺线管。 螺线管包括位于PCB的上表面和下表面上的多个表面导体。 螺线管还包括在表面导体之间延伸穿过PCB的多个导电通孔,并且至少两个对准的通孔被电容间隙分开。 因此,该装置可以被描述为具有沿着导电路径的长度的具有嵌入式电容器的1.5或更多转向电感器的耦合电路。 因此,提供了具有高Q因子的谐振器,其相对便宜并且易于制造。