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    • 8. 发明申请
    • In-line optical isolator
    • 在线光隔离器
    • US20060268405A1
    • 2006-11-30
    • US10558924
    • 2004-06-23
    • Yoshiaki TakeuchiMasaru WatanabeIkuo Fukuzaki
    • Yoshiaki TakeuchiMasaru WatanabeIkuo Fukuzaki
    • G02B5/30G02B27/28
    • G02B6/2746G02F1/093
    • In conventional optical isolators, an optical signal is dispersed by polarization or the characteristics are varied by heat generation in a garnet crystal. According to the invention, the crystal optical axis (3c) of rutile crystal (3) is oriented so that the separation directions of the ordinary ray (O) and the extraordinary ray (E) are perpendicular to the plane including the optical axes of optical fibers (10, 11). Furthermore, the focusing central optical axis (6c) of a focusing rod lens (6) is arranged parallel with optical axes of the optical fibers (10, 11) and at a substantially equal distance from the four rays, i.e. the ordinary ray (O) and the extraordinary ray (E) propagating along the optical axis of the optical fiber (10) and the ordinary ray (O) and the extraordinary ray (E) propagating along the optical axis of the optical fiber (11). An air gap (7) of about 200 [μm] is provided, as a heat insulating means, between the focusing rod lens (6) and a magnetized garnet crystal (8).
    • 在传统的光隔离器中,通过极化分散光信号,或者通过石榴石晶体中的发热来改变特性。 根据本发明,金红石晶体(3)的晶体光轴(3c)被定向成使得普通光线(O)和非寻常光线(E)的分离方向垂直于包括光轴 光纤(10,11)。 此外,聚焦棒透镜(6)的聚焦中心光轴(6c)与光纤(10,11)的光轴平行并且与四条光线基本相等的距离(即普通光线 O)和沿着光纤(10)的光轴传播的异常射线(E)和沿光纤(11)的光轴传播的普通射线(O)和异常射线(E)。 在聚焦棒透镜(6)和被磁化的石榴石晶体(8)之间提供约200μm的气隙(7)作为隔热装置。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • Image forming apparatus
    • 图像形成装置
    • US20060204267A1
    • 2006-09-14
    • US11335850
    • 2006-01-19
    • Masaru Watanabe
    • Masaru Watanabe
    • G03G15/00
    • G03G15/5058G03G2215/00042
    • A toner density on a toner image carrier means such as an intermediate transfer belt is accurately measured, even if a durability of the toner image carrier means is changed. It is assumed that output dark voltages from said first and second photo-detector means are P0 and S0, respectively; back-ground voltages from said first and second photo-detector means are Pg and Sg, respectively, when any toner is not attached on said toner image carrier means; measured voltages from said first and second photo-detector means are P and S, respectively, when said toner image was formed on said toner image carrier means. Then, a coverage rate CR and a durability X are calculated by the following formulae. CR=1−((P−P0)−(S−S0))/((Pg−P0)−(Sg−S0)), X=A×(1−(Sg−S0)/((Pg−P0)). Further, the toner density is obtained on the basis of the corrected CR by using durability X as a parameter.
    • 即使改变调色剂图像承载装置的耐久性,也可以精确地测量诸如中间转印带之类的调色剂图像载体装置上的调色剂浓度。 假设来自所述第一和第二光电检测器装置的输出暗电压分别为P0和S0; 当任何调色剂未附着在所述调色剂图像载体装置上时,来自所述第一和第二光检测器装置的背景电压分别为Pg和Sg; 当所述调色剂图像形成在所述调色剂图像载体装置上时,来自所述第一和第二光检测器装置的测量电压分别为P和S。 然后,通过以下公式计算覆盖率CR和耐久性X. CR = 1 - ((P-P0) - (S-S0))/((Pg-P0) - (Sg- S0)),<?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”?> <?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“lead”?> X = Ax(1-(Sg-S0)/((Pg-P0))。<?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”?>此外,调色剂浓度基于 通过使用耐久性X作为参数来校正CR。