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1. 发明授权

US4419190A Method and apparatus to measure the operating temperature of solid electrolyte-type gas sensors 失效
标题翻译：测量固体电解质型气体传感器工作温度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4419190A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-06
申请号：US357803
申请日：1982-03-12
申请人： Hermann Dietz , Ferdinand Grob , Klaus Muller , Lothar Raff , Franz Rieger , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann
发明人： Hermann Dietz , Ferdinand Grob , Klaus Muller , Lothar Raff , Franz Rieger , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann
IPC分类号： G01N27/41 , G01K7/00 , G01K7/28 , G01N27/406 , G01N27/409 , G05D23/24 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4065 , G01K7/28 , G05D23/1906 , G05D23/24
摘要： To provide for temperature measurement of a solid electrolyte polarographic gas composition sensor, an ac signal is superimposed from an ac voltage source (2) on the applied voltage from a voltage source (1) if the sensor is a polarographic sensor, the ac signal being separated from the output by a filter combination (6, 7), the dc output being evaluated as usual, and the ac output being rectified in a rectifier (9) to obtain a measure of the temperature since the ac resistance (R.sub.alt) is highly temperature dependent (see FIG. 3). The ac preferably is about 10% of the applied dc voltage, so that the voltage swing of the ac potential falls well within the linear range of output current with respect to voltage (see FIG. 2). The output from the ac channel (7, 9) to evaluate the temperature signal can be connected to a control loop circuit (10, 11), including a heater (11) to heat the sensor to maintain a uniform temperature thereof.
摘要翻译：为了提供固体电解质极谱气体组成传感器的温度测量，如果传感器是极谱传感器，则交流电信号从交流电压源（2）叠加在来自电压源（1）的施加电压上，交流信号为通过滤波器组合（6,7）从输出分离，直流输出按照常规进行评估，并且交流输出在整流器（9）中整流以获得由于交流电阻（Ralt）高的温度的测量温度依赖（参见图3）。交流电压优选为所施加的直流电压的约10％，使得交流电位的电压摆幅相对于电压在输出电流的线性范围内很好地下降（见图2）。来自用于评估温度信号的交流通道（7,9）的输出可以连接到包括加热器（11）的控制回路电路（10,11），以加热传感器以保持其均匀的温度。

2. 发明授权

US4756885A Measuring sensor for determining the oxygen content in gases 失效
标题翻译：用于测定气体中氧含量的测量传感器
公开(公告)号：US4756885A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-12
申请号：US852807
申请日：1986-02-21
申请人： Lothar Raff , Helmut Weyl , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann
发明人： Lothar Raff , Helmut Weyl , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann
IPC分类号： G01N27/403 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/413 , G01N27/56
CPC分类号： G01N27/4077
摘要： A combination of a measuring sensor and protector having a measuring sensor with a housing and having an elongated cup-like protective pipe engaged with the housing. The pipe has a bottom having a convex shape with an inlet opening. The pipe also has at least one outlet opening spaced away from the bottom. A deflector extends inward from the pipe at an acute angle relative to a longitudinal axis of the pipe and away from the bottom so that when gas flows longitudinally within the pipe from the inlet opening, the gas is deflected by the deflector to flow around the deflector to the at least one outlet opening. The bottom also has a boss-like bulging portion projecting outward to form the inlet opening so as to reduce contamination of the measuring element by preventing solid particles in the gas from entering inside the pipe.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE85 / 00229 Sec。 371日期1986年2月21日 102（e）日期1986年2月21日PCT提交1985年7月4日PCT公布。出版物WO86 / 00709 日期1986年1月30日。测量传感器和保护器的组合，其具有带壳体的测量传感器，并具有与壳体接合的细长的杯状保护管。管具有具有入口开口的凸形的底部。管道还具有至少一个与底部间隔开的出口开口。偏转器相对于管的纵向轴线以锐角从管子向内延伸并且远离底部，使得当气体从入口开口在管道内纵向流动时，气体被偏转器偏转以流过偏转器至少一个出口开口。底部还具有向外突出以形成入口开口的凸起状凸出部，以便通过防止气体中的固体颗粒进入管内而减少测量元件的污染。

3. 发明授权

US4594984A Regulation device for the mixture composition of an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：用于内燃机的混合物组成的调节装置
公开(公告)号：US4594984A
公开(公告)日：1986-06-17
申请号：US755213
申请日：1985-07-15
申请人： Lothar Raff , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann
发明人： Lothar Raff , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann
IPC分类号： F02D41/34 , F02D33/00 , F02D41/14 , F02P5/14 , F02P5/155 , F02M7/12 , F02B3/08 , F02B33/00 , F02D5/02
CPC分类号： F02D41/1475 , F02D41/1479
摘要： A regulating device is proposed for the mixture composition of an internal combustion engine having a signal sensor and having regulating ranges which can be switched over between lambda equals one and the lean range. The lambda-equal-to-one regulation is effected by means of a two-point regulator and the lean regulation is effected either via an altered set-point value of the two-point regulator or with the aid of a steady regulator. The transitions between the two types of regulation take a course dependent on a selectable function, in order to avoid abrupt changes in rpm. A switchover is also made to controlled operation for a brief period at the beginning of each type of regulation.
摘要翻译：提出了一种调节装置，用于具有信号传感器的内燃机的混合组成，其具有可在等于1和稀的范围之间切换的调节范围。通过两点调节器实现λ等于一的调节，并且通过两点调节器的改变的设定值或借助于稳定调节器来实现贫调节。两种类型的调节之间的转换取决于可选择的功能，以避免rpm的突然变化。在每种类型的调节开始时，也进行了短时间的控制操作。

4. 发明授权

US4463594A Wide-range temperature operating system for combustion gas oxygen sensor, and method 失效
标题翻译：用于燃烧气体氧传感器的宽范围温度操作系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US4463594A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-07
申请号：US377604
申请日：1982-05-13
申请人： Lothar Raff , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann
发明人： Lothar Raff , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann
IPC分类号： F02D41/14 , F23N5/00 , G01N27/26 , G01N27/409 , G01N31/00 , F02B3/08
CPC分类号： F02D41/1481
摘要： To compensate for temperature-dependent shift on the operating characteristics of an oxygen ion conductive sensor which tends to shift the operating characteristics towards the "lean" range (.lambda.>1) at low temperature, and towards the "rich" range (.lambda.
摘要翻译：为了补偿氧离子传导传感器的操作特性的温度依赖性变化，其倾向于在低温下将工作特性向“贫”范围（λ> 1）移动，并且朝向“富”范围（λ<1）），从传感器导出的脉冲被延迟或移位，使得代表从偏移到丰富方向的脉冲的后沿延迟地传输; 依赖于温度，从丰富到精益的转变也延迟传递。通过具有可变时间延迟的定时电路（9,14）获得延迟，时间延迟由通过感测传感器的a-c电阻导出的温度信号（9a）控制，由高通滤波器分流并整流。通过将第一定时级（9）延迟脉冲的后沿或缩短脉冲，从而延迟由第二定时电路（14）产生脉冲前沿的脉冲，各个脉冲被逻辑地组合取决于比较器（18）相对于例如300℃-400℃设定点的温度水平确定的温度。

5. 发明授权

US5787867A Lambda control method 失效
标题翻译： Lambda控制方法
公开(公告)号：US5787867A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-04
申请号：US816377
申请日：1997-03-13
申请人： Eberhard Schnaibel , Lothar Raff , Ernst Wild , Klaus Hirschmann , Frank Blischke
发明人： Eberhard Schnaibel , Lothar Raff , Ernst Wild , Klaus Hirschmann , Frank Blischke
IPC分类号： F02D41/14 , G05B13/02
CPC分类号： F02D41/1481 , F02D41/1441 , F02D41/1475 , F02D41/1482 , F02D2041/1422
摘要： The invention is directed to a method for controlling the composition of the air/fuel mixture for an internal combustion engine. In the method, the mean value of the control oscillation is influenced via a change of the delay times tv with which a sign reversal of the actuating variable change is delayed. The dead time of the control is determined from the time-dependent performance of the control actuating variable and is considered for the change of the delay times tv.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于控制用于内燃机的空气/燃料混合物的组成的方法。在该方法中，控制振荡的平均值通过延迟时间tv的变化而受到影响，延迟时间tv与致动变量改变的符号反转延迟。控制的死区时间根据控制执行变量的时间依赖性能确定，并考虑延迟时间tv的变化。

6. 发明授权

US5438826A Method for adjusting the fuel/air mixture for an internal combustion engine after an overrun phase of operation 失效
标题翻译：在运行超载阶段之后调节内燃机的燃料/空气混合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5438826A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-08
申请号：US144009
申请日：1993-11-01
申请人： Frank Blischke , Klaus Hirschmann , Lothar Raff , Eberhard Schnaibel
发明人： Frank Blischke , Klaus Hirschmann , Lothar Raff , Eberhard Schnaibel
IPC分类号： F02D41/10 , F02D41/02 , F02D41/12 , F02D41/14
CPC分类号： F02D41/0295 , F02D41/123 , F02D41/126 , F02D41/1475
摘要： The invention is directed to a method for reducing the exhaust-gas emissions of an internal combustion engine which is equipped with a lambda control and a catalytic converter and for which the metering of fuel can be interrupted in dependence upon operating parameters. The method is characterized in that the engine at first is operated with a rich fuel/air mixture during transition from operation without fuel metering to operation with fuel metering. The oxygen deficiency associated therewith compensates the oxygen excess which is stored in the catalytic converter when the metering of fuel is interrupted. An operating state wherein oxygen is loaded therefore occurs quickly after a fuel cutoff. This operating state also defines an optimum at steady state and this is advantageous especially for the conversion of nitrogen oxide.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种减少内燃机的废气排放的方法，所述内燃机配备有λ控制和催化转化器，根据操作参数可对燃料计量进行中断。该方法的特征在于，在从没有燃料计量的操作转变到具有燃料计量的操作的过程中，发动机首先具有丰富的燃料/空气混合物。与此相关的缺氧补偿当燃料计量中断时储存在催化转化器中的氧气过剩。因此，加载氧的操作状态在燃料切断之后迅速发生。该操作状态也在稳定状态下定义最佳，这对于氮氧化物的转化是有利的。

7. 发明申请

US20050029096A1 Method and electronic circuit for regenerating an electrical contact 有权
标题翻译：用于再生电接点的方法和电路
公开(公告)号：US20050029096A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-10
申请号：US10888295
申请日：2004-07-09
申请人： Helmut Maurer , Eberhard Schnaibel , Lothar Raff , Oliver Hoerrmann
发明人： Helmut Maurer , Eberhard Schnaibel , Lothar Raff , Oliver Hoerrmann
IPC分类号： G01N27/30 , H01H1/60 , H01H9/54
CPC分类号： H01H1/605 , Y10T307/924
摘要： A method and an electronic circuit for regenerating an electrical contact are provided in order to remedy the problem of electrical contacts becoming highly resistive over time. Electrical contacts become highly resistive over time, particularly when the contacts are thermally highly stressed and/or exposed to corrosive gases. To remedy this undesired effect and to reestablish the low resistance of the contacts, an electrical regenerating signal is applied to these contacts.
摘要翻译：提供一种用于再生电触头的方法和电子电路，以便补救电触头随时间变得高度阻力的问题。电触点随时间变得高度阻力，特别是当触点受到高度的高应力和/或暴露于腐蚀性气体时。为了补救这种不良影响并重新建立触点的低电阻，电再生信号被施加到这些触点。

8. 发明授权

US5291417A Method and arrangement for determining the internal resistance of a lambda probe and for the closed-loop heating control with the aid of the internal resistance 失效
标题翻译：用于确定λ探针的内阻和借助于内阻的闭环加热控制的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5291417A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US684896
申请日：1991-04-22
申请人： Eberhard Schnaibel , Lothar Raff , Michael Westerdorf , Manfred Homeyer
发明人： Eberhard Schnaibel , Lothar Raff , Michael Westerdorf , Manfred Homeyer
IPC分类号： G01N27/409 , F02D41/14 , G01N27/406 , G06F15/20 , G01R27/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/4065 , F02D41/1476
摘要： The internal resistance of a lambda probe is determined by: the application of a clocked direct-current counter voltage to the probe via a series resistor; the measurement of the output voltages with the counter voltage connected and disconnected; and, the calculation of the internal resistance from the measured values and known resistance values.Apart from the components of a conventional arrangement, this method requires only a series resistor and a switch for implementation. Measurement can be carried out at short time intervals without excessively high direct-current voltage loading which affects the service life.The internal resistance measured is compared with a desired resistance and the control deviation determined in this way is used to determine the duty factor for probe heating clocked with fixed frequency.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE89 / 00638 Sec。 371日期1991年04月22日 102（e）日期1991年4月22日PCT提交1989年10月6日PCT公布。出版物WO90 / 04778 日期为1990年5月3日.λ探针的内阻由下式确定：通过串联电阻将时钟脉冲的直流电压施加到探头; 输出电压的测量与反电压连接断开; 以及根据测量值和已知电阻值计算内部电阻。除了常规布置的部件之外，该方法仅需要串联电阻器和用于实现的开关。测量可以在短时间间隔内进行，而不会导致过高的直流电压负载，从而影响使用寿命。将所测量的内电阻与期望的电阻进行比较，以这种方式确定的控制偏差用于确定以固定频率计时的探头加热的占空比。

9. 发明授权

US5224345A Method and arrangement for lambda control 失效
标题翻译： LAMBDA控制的方法和布置
公开(公告)号：US5224345A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-06
申请号：US679050
申请日：1991-05-09
申请人： Eberhard Schnaibel , Lothar Raff , Gunther Plapp , Cornelius Peter , Michael Westerdorf
发明人： Eberhard Schnaibel , Lothar Raff , Gunther Plapp , Cornelius Peter , Michael Westerdorf
IPC分类号： F02D41/14
CPC分类号： F02D41/1441 , F02D41/1456
摘要： An arrangement for lambda control operates on an internal combustion engine (11) comprising a catalytic converter (12) and a lambda probe (13.v) mounted in front of the catalytic converter and a lambda probe (13.h) mounted behind the catalytic converter. The arrangement integrates by means of an integration means (15) the difference between the actual lambda value measured by the rear probe and the lambda desired value to which controlling is to be effected. The integration value is used as control desired value for a means (16) for lambda control. This arrangement and the associated method make it possible to control to the actually wanted lambda desired value even if the front lambda probe carries out incorrect measurements, for example because of hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas in front of the catalytic converter or, in the case of continuous-action control, faulty linearization of the probe characteristic.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE89 / 00164 Sec。 371日期1991年5月9日 102（e）日期1991年5月9日PCT 1989年3月17日PCT公布。出版物WO90 / 05240 日期为1990年5月17日。用于λ控制的布置在内燃机（11）上操作，所述内燃机（11）包括催化转化器（12）和安装在催化转化器前面的λ探针（13.v）和λ探针（13。 h）安装在催化转化器后面。该装置通过积分装置（15）集成由后探针测量的实际λ值与要进行控制的λ期望值之间的差值。积分值被用作用于λ控制的装置（16）的控制期望值。即使前面的λ探针执行不正确的测量，例如由于催化转化器前面的废气中的碳氢化合物，或者在连续动作控制，探针特性线性化故障。

10. 发明授权

US5036819A Control system for the air/fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：内燃机空燃比控制系统
公开(公告)号：US5036819A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-06
申请号：US477976
申请日：1990-04-30
申请人： Cornelius Peter , Gunther Plapp , Lothar Raff , Eberhard Schnaibel , Michael Westerdorf
发明人： Cornelius Peter , Gunther Plapp , Lothar Raff , Eberhard Schnaibel , Michael Westerdorf
IPC分类号： F02D41/14 , F02D45/00
CPC分类号： F02D41/1477 , F02D2041/1409 , F02D41/1441
摘要： A control system for controlling the air/fuel ratio in an internal combustion engine 10, in which an oxygen probe (lambda probe) 13 is arranged in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 10, has a control device 12 for continuous control. The actual value of the air ratio lambda is determined via a measured probe output voltage in conjunction with an at least approximately predetermined probe-characteristic relationship 16 between the value of the probe output voltage and the value of the air ratio lambda associated therewith. After forming the difference of desired value and actual value of the air ratio lambda, the air/fuel ratio is controlled on the basis of this difference. Such a control system is used primarily in order to reduce the total emission of the main pollutant components of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. In particular in the case of an internal combustion engine 10 with catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust gas, a maintenance of the air ratio lambda as accurate as possible necessary for optimum efficiency of the catalytic converter (lambda=1) is assured.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE88 / 00659 Sec。 371日期1990年04月30日 102（e）日期1990年4月30日PCT提交1988年10月26日PCT公布。 WO 89/4424 PCT公开号日本1989年5月18日。一种用于控制内燃机10中的空燃比的控制系统，其中在内燃机10的排气中配置氧探头（λ探针）13，具有控制装置 12连续控制。空气比λ的实际值通过测量的探头输出电压以及探针输出电压的值与与之相关联的空气比λ的值之间的至少近似预定的探针特性关系16来确定。在形成空气比λ的期望值和实际值的差之后，基于该差来控制空燃比。这种控制系统主要用于减少内燃机废气的主要污染物成分的总排放量。特别是在具有设置在废气中的催化转化器的内燃机10的情况下，确保尽可能准确地维持催化转化器（λ= 1）的最佳效率所需的空气比λ。

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