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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Method for the preparation of surface-modified silica particles
    • 表面改性二氧化硅颗粒的制备方法
    • US5013585A
    • 1991-05-07
    • US534450
    • 1990-06-06
    • Takaaki ShimizuTsutomu OgiharaMasatoshi Takita
    • Takaaki ShimizuTsutomu OgiharaMasatoshi Takita
    • B01J20/32C01B33/145C01B33/149C09C1/30C10M113/16
    • B82Y30/00C01B33/145C01B33/149C09C1/3081C10M113/16C01P2002/86C01P2004/64C01P2006/10C01P2006/12C10M2201/14C10M2227/04Y10T428/2995
    • A method for the preparation of a stable silica organosol in a hydrophobic organic solvent is proposed. The method comprises (a) hydrolyzing a tetraalkoxy silane, e.g. tetraethoxy silane, in an alcoholic medium in the presence of a limited amount of water and ammonia as a catalyst under controlled conditions so as to produce a silica alcosol in which the silica particles satisfy the requirements that the alkoxy groups and silanolic hydroxy groups are bonded to the silicon atoms on the surface in densities of at least 3.5 .mu. moles/m.sup.2 and not exceeding 2 .mu. mmoles/m.sup.2, respectively, and the specific surface area S given in m.sup.2 /g and the average particle diameter D given in nm of the silica particles satisfy the relationship of S.times.D.gtoreq.5000, D being 1 nm or larger, and (b) admixing the alcosol of silica particles with an organosilicon compound selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the general formula R.sub.4-n SiX.sub.n, (R.sub.3 Si).sub.2 NH, or YO--(--SiR.sub.2 --O--).sub.m --Y, in which each R is, independently from the others, a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, X is a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group, Y is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, n is 1, 2 or 3 and m is a positive integer not exceeding 20, in an amount, for example, in the range from 0.01 to 10 moles per mole of the silica particles under agitation of the mixture to effect a reaction for the modification of the surface of the silica particles followed by replacement of the alcoholic medium with a desired organic solvent.
    • 提出了一种在疏水性有机溶剂中制备稳定的二氧化硅有机溶胶的方法。 该方法包括(a)水解四烷氧基硅烷,例如 四乙氧基硅烷,在有限量的水和氨作为催化剂的存在下,在控制条件下在醇介质中,以产生二氧化硅颗粒,其中二氧化硅颗粒满足烷氧基和硅烷醇羟基键合的要求 表面上的硅原子的密度分别为至少3.5μmol/ m 2并且不超过2um mmoles / m 2,并且以m2 / g给出的比表面积S和以二氧化硅计的平均粒径D 颗粒满足SxD> / = 5000,D为1nm以上的关系,(b)将二氧化硅粒子的醇溶胶与选自由通式R4-nSiXn表示的化合物的有机硅化合物混合,( R3Si)2NH或YO - ( - SiR2-O-)mY,其中每个R独立地为氢原子或一价烃基,X为羟基或烷氧基,Y为氢 原子或烷基,n为1, 2或3,并且m是不超过20的正整数,其量例如在混合物搅拌下每摩尔二氧化硅颗粒为0.01至10摩尔,以实现改性表面的反应 二氧化硅颗粒,然后用所需的有机溶剂置换醇介质。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Method of, and apparatus for, carrying out loopback test in exchange
    • 用于进行环回测试的方法和装置
    • US06259768B1
    • 2001-07-10
    • US09243385
    • 1999-02-01
    • Tomomi KatoMasatoshi TakitaKazuei OhnishiTakamitsu SaitoKosei Mano
    • Tomomi KatoMasatoshi TakitaKazuei OhnishiTakamitsu SaitoKosei Mano
    • H04M124
    • H04M3/323H04M3/08H04M3/244H04M2203/055
    • A method employs simple procedures to speedily carry out loopback tests on devices that form a channel system of an exchange. The method is capable of quickly locating a fault in the exchange and allowing speedy maintenance work of the exchange. Also provided is an apparatus for achieving the method. The apparatus has a path setter (1-4), a loopback controller (1-3), and a tester (1-1), to test the devices of the channel system (1-2) of the exchange. The devices to be tested are arranged in replaceable units (1-21, 1-22). The path setter (1-4) simultaneously sets paths to sequentially connect the devices to be tested. The loopback controller (1-3) activates and releases loopback parts arranged in the devices to be tested. The tester (1-1) sends a test signal to the devices through the paths, receives the test signal looped back by the loopback parts, analyzes the received signal, and determines whether or not the devices are sound.
    • 一种方法采用简单的程序来快速地对形成交换机的信道系统的设备进行环回测试。 该方法能够快速定位交换中的故障并允许交换机的快速维护工作。 还提供了一种用于实现该方法的装置。 该设备具有路径设置器(1-4),环回控制器(1-3)和测试器(1-1)),用于测试交换机的信道系统(1-2)的设备。 要测试的设备被布置在可更换单元(1-21,1-22)中。 路径设置器(1-4)同时设置路径以顺序连接要测试的设备。 环回控制器(1-3)激活并释放布置在要测试的设备中的环回部件。 测试仪(1-1)通过路径向设备发送测试信号,接收环回部分环回的测试信号,分析接收到的信号,并确定设备是否正常。