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1. 发明授权

US5140640A Noise cancellation system 失效
标题翻译：噪音消除系统
公开(公告)号：US5140640A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-18
申请号：US567269
申请日：1990-08-14
申请人： Daniel Graupe , Adam J. Efron
发明人： Daniel Graupe , Adam J. Efron
IPC分类号： G10K11/178
CPC分类号： G10K11/1782 , G10K2210/3011 , G10K2210/3012 , G10K2210/30351 , G10K2210/3045 , G10K2210/3216
摘要： This disclosure relates to a self-adaptive noise cancellation system that may be employed in a noise environment at the vicinity of an acoustic noise source to produce noise signals denoted as anti-noise signals that are directed towards a geometric region of the same environment and which counter the first acoustic noise source thus rendering the geometric region relatively quiet. The system monitors the acoustic noise source to identify its signal parameters thus retrieving the noise parameters that are required for the device to tune itself in order to cope with variations in the parameters of the noise source and to adapt its own anti-noise output to keep adequate noise cancellation in said geometric region in the face of the changes in the characteristics of the noise source, such as changes in power or in frequency spectrum of the noise source.
摘要翻译：本公开涉及一种自适应噪声消除系统，其可以在声学噪声源附近的噪声环境中采用，以产生被表示为针对相同环境的几何区域的抗噪声信号的噪声信号，以及哪个对抗第一声学噪声源，从而使几何区域相对安静。该系统监测声学噪声源以识别其信号参数，从而检索设备调谐自身所需的噪声参数，以便应对噪声源的参数的变化并使其自身的抗噪声输出保持面对噪声源的特性变化，例如噪声源的功率变化或频谱变化，在所述几何区域中适当的噪声消除。

2. 发明申请

US20110098780A1 APPARATUS FOR MANAGING A NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER 失效
标题翻译：用于管理神经病的装置
公开(公告)号：US20110098780A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-28
申请号：US12992265
申请日：2009-05-12
申请人： Daniel Graupe , Daniela Tuninetti , Ishita Basu
发明人： Daniel Graupe , Daniela Tuninetti , Ishita Basu
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61B5/0478 , A61B5/0492 , A61B5/1101 , A61B5/4082 , A61B5/726 , A61N1/36025 , A61N1/36082
摘要： A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a Neuro Sensing and Stimulation Device having a conductive lead for implanting in a brain of a living entity, a sensor coupled to the conductive lead for collecting data associated with one or more electrical signals detected in the conductive lead, a stimulator coupled to the conductive lead to apply one or more electrical signals thereto, and a controller. The controller can be operable to collect data associated with one or more electrical signals detected in the conductive lead, determine a stimulation sequence from the collected data, and direct the stimulator to apply on the conductive lead one or more electrical signals determined from the stimulation sequence. Additional embodiments are disclosed.
摘要翻译：结合本公开的教导的系统可以包括例如具有用于植入活体的脑中的导电引线的神经感觉和刺激装置，耦合到导电引线的传感器，用于收集与一个或多个相关联的数据在导电引线中检测到的电信号，耦合到导电引线的刺激器向其施加一个或多个电信号，以及控制器。所述控制器可操作以收集与在所述导电引线中检测到的一个或多个电信号相关联的数据，从所收集的数据确定刺激序列，并且将所述刺激器引导到所述导电引线上施加一个或多个从所述刺激序列确定的电信号。公开了另外的实施例。

3. 发明申请

US20100094377A1 Method and apparatus for closed-loop deep brain stimulation in treating neurological diseases 失效
标题翻译：用于闭环深部脑刺激治疗神经系统疾病的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20100094377A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-15
申请号：US12459213
申请日：2009-06-29
申请人： Daniel Graupe
发明人： Daniel Graupe
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36082 , A61B5/0488 , A61B5/4082
摘要： A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, implanted deep brain stimulation electrodes, a stimulation sequence pulse generator, one or more implanted sensors for collecting data associated with one or more electrical signal from the vicinity of the site where stimulation is applied by the stimulation electrodes, and one or more noninvasive surface EMG electrodes to be attached to the patient's skin, say, on certain limbs and which may incorporate a wireless transmitter microchip, and a controller. The controller may incorporate one or more wireless receiver microchips to receive inputs from the sensors. It may also have wire input, if placed under the skin of the skull, for inputs from the implanted sensors. It will incorporate a signal processor to process and coordinate the sensed data from the various sensors and to predict the timing for its output commands. The controller also incorporates a decision element to produce a control output to be sent by wire or wireless to the stimulation sequence generator and which may be an on-off command. The signal processor will also discriminate between tremors and intentional movements in the EMG signals utilizing the EMG spectrum. An electronic switch device may be incorporated to allow the implanted electrodes to switch between serving as stimulation electrodes and voltage sensors, thus eliminating the need to implant any separate sensing electrodes. Alternatively, only noninvasive EMG sensing may be employed for closed-loop control.
摘要翻译：结合本公开的教导的系统可以包括例如植入的深脑刺激电极，刺激序列脉冲发生器，一个或多个植入的传感器，用于收集与来自刺激位置附近的一个或多个电信号相关联的数据由刺激电极和一个或多个非侵入性表面EMG电极施加以附接到患者的皮肤，例如在某些肢体上，并且可以包括无线发射器微芯片和控制器。控制器可以包括一个或多个无线接收器微芯片以接收来自传感器的输入。如果放置在颅骨的皮肤下，也可能有线输入，用于植入传感器的输入。它将结合信号处理器来处理和协调来自各种传感器的感测数据并预测其输出命令的时序。控制器还包括一个决定单元，用于产生一个控制输出，以通过有线或无线方式发送给刺激序列发生器，并且其可以是开 - 关命令。信号处理器还将利用EMG频谱来区分EMG信号中的震颤和有意移动。可以并入电子开关装置以允许注入的电极在用作刺激电极和电压传感器之间切换，从而消除了植入任何单独的感测电极的需要。或者，只有非侵入性EMG感测可用于闭环控制。

4. 发明授权

US4126761A Method of and means for processing an audio frequency signal to conceal intelligility 失效
标题翻译：用于处理音频信号以隐藏清晰度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4126761A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-21
申请号：US767904
申请日：1977-02-11
申请人： Daniel Graupe , David L. Cohn , G. Donald Causey
发明人： Daniel Graupe , David L. Cohn , G. Donald Causey
IPC分类号： H04K1/02
CPC分类号： H04K1/02
摘要： An input audio frequency analog signal, for example, speech, which is to be passed through a noisy transmission channel, is scrambled at the sending end by repetitively performing a modulo-v (MOD v) addition of an n-level, m-pulse codeword with an n-level digitized transformation of the input signal under the condition that m and v are integers. The resultant sum signal, after transmission through a noisy channel (which may be an acoustic medium, a conventional telephone link, a conventional CB radio link, etc.), is received at the receiving end and descrambled. Descrambling is achieved by carrying out a Mod v subtraction process involving repetitively subtracting the same codeword from an n-level digitized transformation of the received signal, the subtraction being carried out in synchronism with the addition at the sending end. The resultant difference signal is a representation of the input signal and is relatively insensitive to noise present in the transmission channel.
摘要翻译：要通过噪声传输信道的输入音频模拟信号（例如语音）在发送端通过重复执行n级m脉冲的模v（MOD v）加法来加扰在m和v为整数的条件下具有输入信号的n级数字化变换的码字。通过噪声信道（其可以是声学介质，常规电话链路，常规CB无线电链路等）传输之后的结果和信号在接收端被接收并被解扰。通过执行Mod v减法处理来实现解扰，该处理涉及从接收信号的n电平数字化变换重复地减去相同的码字，所述减法与发送端的相加同步地执行。所得到的差分信号是输入信号的表示，并且对于存在于传输信道中的噪声相对不敏感。

5. 发明授权

US08280516B2 Method and apparatus for closed-loop deep brain stimulation in treating neurological diseases 失效
标题翻译：用于闭环深部脑刺激治疗神经系统疾病的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08280516B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-02
申请号：US12459213
申请日：2009-06-29
申请人： Daniel Graupe
发明人： Daniel Graupe
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/36082 , A61B5/0488 , A61B5/4082
摘要： A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a device having a stimulation sequence generator device, at least one implantable electrode for insertion in a brain of a human being, where the at least one implantable electrode is coupled to the stimulation sequence generator, a sensor for placement on a body part of the human being, and a controller coupled to the stimulation sequence generator device and the sensor. The controller can be operable to receive a signal from the sensor, extract from the signal characteristics corresponding to desirable movements of the body part of the human being to generate output data, detect a condition from the output data for predicting an upcoming tremor, and cause the stimulation sequence generator device to apply a stimulation to the at least one implantable electrode for a first period responsive to the detected condition to prevent the upcoming tremor.
摘要翻译：结合本公开的教导的系统可以包括例如具有刺激序列发生器装置的装置，用于插入人的脑中的至少一个可植入电极，其中所述至少一个可植入电极耦合到刺激序列发生器，用于放置在人的身体部分上的传感器，以及耦合到刺激序列发生器装置和传感器的控制器。控制器可操作以从传感器接收信号，从对应于人体的理想运动的信号特征中提取以产生输出数据，从输出数据检测状况以预测即将发生的震颤，并引起刺激序列发生器装置，用于响应于检测到的条件将刺激施加到至少一个可植入电极的第一时段以防止即将发生的震颤。

6. 发明授权

US5920852A Large memory storage and retrieval (LAMSTAR) network 失效
标题翻译：大型内存存储和检索（LAMSTAR）网络
公开(公告)号：US5920852A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-06
申请号：US846577
申请日：1997-04-30
申请人： Daniel Graupe
发明人： Daniel Graupe
IPC分类号： G06N3/04 , G06F15/18
CPC分类号： G06K9/6251 , G06N3/04
摘要： A network system analyzes input words for the search and retrieval of pertinent information. The novel system then selects a module of a self organizing map (SOM) which contains the same dimension of classification as a selected input word and where neurons are interconnected horizontally (between modules) and vertically (at input and inside a module) by arrays of link weights. The system then determines what nodes or processing units within the SOM will be activated and subsequently compared to the selected input word. Feedback is utilized via a punishment/reward scheme to adjust the link weights so that the system learns the best paths and/or methods to create acceptable decisions or outputs.
摘要翻译：网络系统分析用于搜索和检索相关信息的输入单词。新系统然后选择自组织图（SOM）的模块，其包含与所选择的输入字相同的分类维度，并且其中神经元水平（模块之间）和垂直（模块之间的输入和内部）互连。链接权重。系统然后确定SOM内的哪些节点或处理单元将被激活，并随后与所选择的输入字进行比较。通过惩罚/奖励计划来利用反馈来调整链接权重，以便系统学习创建可接受的决策或输出的最佳路径和/或方法。

7. 发明授权

US5092329A Microprocessor-controlled multiplexed functional electrical stimulator for surface stimulation in paralyzed patients with safety enhancements 失效
公开(公告)号：US5092329A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-03
申请号：US527381
申请日：1990-05-22
申请人： Daniel Graupe , Amihadar Arber
发明人： Daniel Graupe , Amihadar Arber
IPC分类号： A61F4/00 , A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61F4/00 , A61N1/36003
摘要： In accordance with the present invention, a functional electrical stimulation system enables upper-motor-neuron paraplegic patients and certain other paralyzed or partially paralyzed patients to stand and to take steps with the support of a walker in an independent fashion so that they are in control of the stimulation and, noting that they have very little or no sensation, that they still can obtain some feedback on the state of the system. In one embodiment, a compact and safe battery-operated stimulation system is provided that is of pocket size and that allows for non-invasive safe and controlled stimulation using skin surface electrodes.The system of the present invention is a stimulation system for providing upper-motor-neuron paralyzed patients with capabilities of unbraced standing and unbraced walking, which consists of a single pulse power and amplifier that outputs various trains of stimulation pulses and which is totally under microprocessor generation and control, where the microprocessor's microcomputer selectively performs multiplexing of the pulse trains and their selective alternate distribution to the various surface electrodes attached to the skin of the patient at the appropriate stimulation locations. It also controls pulse-width, pulse-duration, pulse-amplitude and pulse-shape.Furthermore, the system can compute and activate (audible and/or visual) warning signals to warn the patient when the system is close to its maximal output. This would happen when muscle fatigue is such that no further increase in stimuli level can keep the patient upright. The system computes and outputs indications of the various stimuli levels to a visual display, and it provides automatic fail-safe and override capabilities to help ensure that the patient does not fall in case of major circuit or system failure or misactivation. This is a critical capability since this system will be used by paraplegics who lack sensation in their lower extremities.

8. 发明授权

US5070873A Method of and apparatus for electrically stimulating quadriceps muscles of an upper motor unit paraplegic 失效
标题翻译：用于电刺激上部马达单位截瘫的股四头肌的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5070873A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-10
申请号：US14389
申请日：1987-02-13
申请人： Daniel Graupe , Stavros Basseas
发明人： Daniel Graupe , Stavros Basseas
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36003
摘要： Muscle fatigue of an electrically stimulated quadriceps muscle of an upper motor neuron paraplegic is detected and compensated for by monitoring the myoelectric (EMG) signal produced by the stimulated muscle and controlling one or more of the following parameters of the electrical stimulation (ES) signal; its pulse repetition rate, its amplitude, and its pulse width.
摘要翻译：通过监测被刺激的肌肉产生的肌电信号（EMG）信号并控制电刺激（ES）信号的以下参数中的一个或多个来检测和补偿上运动神经元截瘫的电刺激的股四头肌的肌肉疲劳。其脉冲重复率，幅度和脉冲宽度。

9. 发明授权

US4025721A Method of and means for adaptively filtering near-stationary noise from speech 失效
标题翻译：从语音自适应过滤近平稳噪声的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4025721A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-24
申请号：US683234
申请日：1976-05-04
申请人： Daniel Graupe , G. Donald Causey
发明人： Daniel Graupe , G. Donald Causey
IPC分类号： G10L15/20 , G10L21/02 , H03G5/18 , H03H17/00 , H03H17/02 , H04R25/00 , H04R25/04 , H04R27/00
CPC分类号： H03G5/18 , G10L21/0208 , H04R25/505 , H04R25/453
摘要： By identifying and analyzing the properties of the parameters of an input signal that contains speech in the presence of simultaneously occuring near-stationary noise, pauses between speech intervals as well as the termination of such noise can be recognized. When a pause interval containing noise is recognized, the parameters identified during such interval are used to set the parameters of an adaptive filter through which the input signal is passed during subsequent intervals of speech and until the noise terminates. During the time the input signal passes through the filter, the near-stationary noise is filtered out. In response to recognition of the termination of noise, the input signal is caused to by-pass the filter which is then prepared to accept the parameters of noise occuring in a subsequent pause.
摘要翻译：通过识别和分析在存在同时发生的近平稳噪声的情况下包含语音的输入信号的参数的属性，可以识别语音间隔之间的暂停以及这种噪声的终止。当识别到包含噪声的暂停间隔时，在该间隔期间识别的参数用于设置自适应滤波器的参数，通过该自适应滤波器，在随后的语音间隔期间通过输入信号，直到噪声终止。在输入信号通过滤波器的时间内，过滤掉近平稳的噪声。响应于对噪声终止的识别，使得输入信号绕过滤波器，然后滤波器被准备好接受在随后的暂停中发生的噪声参数。

10. 发明申请

US20110040349A1 Noninvasive electrical stimulation system for standing and walking by paraplegic patients 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20110040349A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-17
申请号：US12462976
申请日：2009-08-12
申请人： Daniel Graupe
发明人： Daniel Graupe
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36003
摘要： The present invention is concerned with functional electrical stimulation (FES) of paraplegics having spinal cord injuries (SCI), especially for the purpose of walking, where stimulation is applied to motor neurons below the level of the SCI. Specifically, the invention is concerned with FES in closed-loop where closed loop operation is provided by wireless feedback by EMG signals recorded via noninvasive surface EMG electrodes. No wire connections are required between the EMG electrodes and a signal processor (SP) for providing the feedback signal to the SP. Also, no wire feedback is required to send timing information from the stimulation signal generator to blocking circuits, in cases where such circuits are required to protect the wireless transmitters of the feedback information from being damaged by the stimulation pulses. Wireless operation is facilitated by miniature chips (receivers and transmitters), such as used in the Bluetooth technology. Hence, the paraplegic users are not burdened with any wires that are otherwise needed for closed-loop operation and with the need to connect them between the patient's back, legs, and a pocket-borne control box. Furthermore, closed loop operation frees the patients from the need to manually adjust stimulation levels with progression of muscle fatigue.The present invention allows the achieving closed-loop FES without requiring the sharing the same electrode for both stimulation and EMG recording and which requires complex control and non-standard electrodes. The avoidance of electrode-sharing further allows using regular and widely available stimulation electrodes and regular surface EMG electrodes, such as described in Graupe and Kohn: “Functional Electrical Stimulation for Ambulation by Paraplegics”, 1994.In certain realizations of the present invention, the blocking circuit discussed above requires no input from the stimulus signal generator, while such inputs are essential in any electrode-sharing design since pulse level is highest at the stimulation site. Hence, also no wireless receiver is required next to the EMG electrodes and no wireless transmitter is required next to the stimulus signal generator.In certain other realizations, blocking circuits are not required at all.

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