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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Metal plating of polymeric substrates
    • 聚合物基体的金属电镀
    • US3998602A
    • 1976-12-21
    • US548091
    • 1975-02-07
    • Carl HorowitzMichael DichterDuryodhan Mangaraj
    • Carl HorowitzMichael DichterDuryodhan Mangaraj
    • C23C18/20H05K3/18H05K3/38C23C3/02
    • C23C18/30C23C18/2086H05K3/181H05K3/387Y10S428/936Y10T428/12535Y10T428/12896Y10T428/1291Y10T428/31692Y10T428/31699
    • Methods are disclosed for the metallizing of non-metallic substrates, i.e. polymeric substrates, by the coating of the substrate with polymerizable monomers in the presence of a small amount of silver ion. The substrate is cleaned, acid etched and then contacted with a monomer solution containing a soluble silver salt. The monomers are preferably polyfunctional and form a polymerized layer grafted onto the polymer substrate. A peroxide is also disclosed in the monomer solution for regeneration of the silver ion concentration and to combine with monomers to produce homopolymers which also attach to the active sites on the substrate and to side chains of the graft polymer. The grafted layer contains silver atoms closely bound to it and the silver atoms form nucleating agents for the deposition of copper from an electroless plating bath. The metallized substrate may then be further electroplated.
    • 公开了通过在少量银离子的存在下用可聚合单体涂覆基底来非金属基底即聚合物基底金属化的方法。 将基材清洗,酸蚀,然后与含有可溶性银盐的单体溶液接触。 单体优选是多官能的并且形成接枝到聚合物基材上的聚合层。 在用于再生银离子浓度的单体溶液中也公开了一种过氧化物,并且与单体结合以产生均聚物,其也附着到基材上的活性位点和接枝聚合物的侧链上。 接枝层含有与其紧密结合的银原子,银原子形成成核剂,用于从无电镀浴中沉积铜。 然后可以进一步电镀金属化衬底。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Method of protectively coating metallic aluminum containing substrate
    • 保护性地涂覆含金属铝的基材的方法
    • US4105811A
    • 1978-08-08
    • US547819
    • 1975-02-07
    • Carl HorowitzMichael DichterDuryodhan Mangaraj
    • Carl HorowitzMichael DichterDuryodhan Mangaraj
    • B05D7/16B05D3/02B05D3/10
    • B05D7/16
    • A method is disclosed for protecting aluminum and aluminum alloys by the chemical bonding of a polymerized coating to the aluminum oxide on the aluminum surface. The protective coating is graft polymerized from a solution onto the aluminum in the presence of a small amount of silver ion as an initiator. A peroxide is present during the graft polymerization to regenerate silver ions and to catalyze polymerization of monomers and prepolymers which attach to the aluminum surface. The monomers are vinyl monomers containing one or more hydroxy, carboxy, glycidyl and aziridinyl groups. The prepolymers are polyurethane resins and aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic epoxy resins. The vinyl monomers and prepolymers are cross-linked to provide a transparent, impervious protective coating on the aluminum. The coated aluminum article made by the above method is also disclosed.
    • 公开了一种通过聚合涂层与铝表面上的氧化铝的化学键合来保护铝和铝合金的方法。 保护涂层在少量作为引发剂的银离子存在下,从溶液中接枝聚合到铝上。 在接枝聚合期间存在过氧化物以再生银离子并催化连接到铝表面的单体和预聚物的聚合。 单体是含有一个或多个羟基,羧基,缩水甘油基和氮丙啶基的乙烯基单体。 预聚物是聚氨酯树脂和脂族,脂环族和芳族环氧树脂。 乙烯基单体和预聚物交联以在铝上提供透明的,不透水的保护涂层。 还公开了通过上述方法制造的涂覆的铝制品。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Epoxy resin, mercato curing agent and polysulfide adduct
    • 环氧树脂,mercato固化剂和多硫化物加合物
    • US5128424A
    • 1992-07-07
    • US732078
    • 1991-07-18
    • Vincent D. McGinnisKazumi NejigakiDuryodhan Mangaraj
    • Vincent D. McGinnisKazumi NejigakiDuryodhan Mangaraj
    • C08G59/66C09J163/00
    • C08G59/66C09J163/00
    • Broadly, the present invention is directed to an adhesive composition which comprises an epoxy resin, an effective amount of a mercapto curing agent or curative for said epoxy resin, and a compatibilizing amount of a polysulfide compound which has a performance improving fraction of its --SH groups rendered unreactive with the epoxy groups in said composition. Optionally, the adhesive composition can contain amine or amide curing agents in addition to the mercapto curative. Advantageously, at least about 5% of the number of reactive thiol groups of the polysulfide compound are rendered unreactive, advantageously at least about 25%, and preferably at least about 50%. Preferred polysulfide compatibilizing compounds are adducts of a polysulfide and a component which contains functionality reactive with a thiol group, but which contains no residual functionality reactive with epoxy groups in the composition once the polysulfide adduct is formed. Another aspect of the present invention is a method for improving the performance of an adhesive composition of an epoxy resin and a mercapto curative, which method comprises incorporating a compatibilizing amount of polysulfide compound which has had a performance improving fraction of its --SH groups rendered unreactive with epoxy groups in the composition. The polysulfide compatibilizing adduct is formed by the reaction of a polysulfide and a component that contains functionality reactive with thiol groups, but which contains no residual functionality reactive with epoxy groups in the adduct.
    • 广泛地,本发明涉及一种粘合剂组合物,其包含环氧树脂,有效量的巯基固化剂或所述环氧树脂的固化剂,以及相容剂量的具有-SH的性能提高分数的多硫化合物 所述组合物中的环氧基团不反应。 任选地,粘合剂组合物除了巯基固化剂之外还可含有胺或酰胺固化剂。 有利的是,多硫化物化合物的反应性硫醇基团的数量的至少约5%为非反应性,有利地为至少约25%,优选至少约50%。 优选的多硫化物相容化合物是多硫化物和含有与硫醇基反应的官能团的组分的加合物,但是一旦形成多硫化物加合物,其不含在组合物中与环氧基反应的残余官能团。 本发明的另一方面是提高环氧树脂和巯基固化剂的粘合剂组合物的性能的方法,该方法包括加入相容剂量的多硫化物,其具有不反应的-SH基团的性能提高分数 在组合物中具有环氧基团。 多硫相容化加合物是通过多硫化物和含有与硫醇基反应的官能团的组分的反应形成的,但不包含与加合物中的环氧基反应的残余官能团。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Removal of harmful components from tobacco smoke
    • 从烟草烟雾中去除有害成分
    • US4006749A
    • 1977-02-08
    • US545988
    • 1975-01-31
    • Carl HorowitzMichael DichterNathan AbramsDuryodhan Mangaraj
    • Carl HorowitzMichael DichterNathan AbramsDuryodhan Mangaraj
    • A24B15/30
    • A24B15/30
    • This invention provides a process for so treating tobacco, for use in cigars or cigarettes, as to activate the surface of the tobacco to remove the undesirable components of the smoke as the smoke passes along the cigar or cigarette, before reaching the smoker. The process provides for grafting onto the cellulosic constituents of the tobacco a graft polymer or copolymer having free functional groups reactive with the undesirable component of the tobacco smoke. The cellulosic constituents can be activated by an ionic or free radical process to yield a reactive site on the cellulosic chain which can subsequently be reacted with monomers containing active double bonds, e.g., olefins, vinyl monomers or acrylic monomers as well as polymerizable ring compounds each having the desired active substituents. Preferably, this invention is applicable to treating tobacco so as to provide a graft polymer or copolymer containing acidic groups which can react with the basic, or alkaline, components of tobacco smoke. This invention also provides an activated tobacco comprising graft polymers or copolymers formed on its surface.
    • 本发明提供了一种用于治疗烟草的方法,用于雪茄或香烟,以在吸烟者到达烟草之前,随着烟雾沿着雪茄或香烟通过,激活烟草的表面以除去烟雾的不期望的成分。 该方法提供了将烟草的纤维素成分接枝到具有与烟草烟雾的不期望的成分反应的游离官能团的接枝聚合物或共聚物上。 纤维素成分可以通过离子或自由基方法活化,以在纤维素链上产生反应性位点,其随后可与含有活性双键的单体例如烯烃,乙烯基单体或丙烯酸单体以及可聚合的环化合物各自反应 具有所需的活性取代基。 优选地,本发明可应用于处理烟草以提供含有酸性基团的接枝聚合物或共聚物,其可与烟草烟雾的碱性或碱性成分反应。 本发明还提供一种活性烟草,其包含在其表面上形成的接枝聚合物或共聚物。