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1. 发明授权

US4006749A Removal of harmful components from tobacco smoke 失效
标题翻译：从烟草烟雾中去除有害成分
公开(公告)号：US4006749A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-08
申请号：US545988
申请日：1975-01-31
申请人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter , Nathan Abrams , Duryodhan Mangaraj
发明人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter , Nathan Abrams , Duryodhan Mangaraj
IPC分类号： A24B15/30
CPC分类号： A24B15/30
摘要： This invention provides a process for so treating tobacco, for use in cigars or cigarettes, as to activate the surface of the tobacco to remove the undesirable components of the smoke as the smoke passes along the cigar or cigarette, before reaching the smoker. The process provides for grafting onto the cellulosic constituents of the tobacco a graft polymer or copolymer having free functional groups reactive with the undesirable component of the tobacco smoke. The cellulosic constituents can be activated by an ionic or free radical process to yield a reactive site on the cellulosic chain which can subsequently be reacted with monomers containing active double bonds, e.g., olefins, vinyl monomers or acrylic monomers as well as polymerizable ring compounds each having the desired active substituents. Preferably, this invention is applicable to treating tobacco so as to provide a graft polymer or copolymer containing acidic groups which can react with the basic, or alkaline, components of tobacco smoke. This invention also provides an activated tobacco comprising graft polymers or copolymers formed on its surface.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于治疗烟草的方法，用于雪茄或香烟，以在吸烟者到达烟草之前，随着烟雾沿着雪茄或香烟通过，激活烟草的表面以除去烟雾的不期望的成分。该方法提供了将烟草的纤维素成分接枝到具有与烟草烟雾的不期望的成分反应的游离官能团的接枝聚合物或共聚物上。纤维素成分可以通过离子或自由基方法活化，以在纤维素链上产生反应性位点，其随后可与含有活性双键的单体例如烯烃，乙烯基单体或丙烯酸单体以及可聚合的环化合物各自反应具有所需的活性取代基。优选地，本发明可应用于处理烟草以提供含有酸性基团的接枝聚合物或共聚物，其可与烟草烟雾的碱性或碱性成分反应。本发明还提供一种活性烟草，其包含在其表面上形成的接枝聚合物或共聚物。

2. 发明授权

US3998602A Metal plating of polymeric substrates 失效
标题翻译：聚合物基体的金属电镀
公开(公告)号：US3998602A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-21
申请号：US548091
申请日：1975-02-07
申请人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter , Duryodhan Mangaraj
发明人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter , Duryodhan Mangaraj
IPC分类号： C23C18/20 , H05K3/18 , H05K3/38 , C23C3/02
CPC分类号： C23C18/30 , C23C18/2086 , H05K3/181 , H05K3/387 , Y10S428/936 , Y10T428/12535 , Y10T428/12896 , Y10T428/1291 , Y10T428/31692 , Y10T428/31699
摘要： Methods are disclosed for the metallizing of non-metallic substrates, i.e. polymeric substrates, by the coating of the substrate with polymerizable monomers in the presence of a small amount of silver ion. The substrate is cleaned, acid etched and then contacted with a monomer solution containing a soluble silver salt. The monomers are preferably polyfunctional and form a polymerized layer grafted onto the polymer substrate. A peroxide is also disclosed in the monomer solution for regeneration of the silver ion concentration and to combine with monomers to produce homopolymers which also attach to the active sites on the substrate and to side chains of the graft polymer. The grafted layer contains silver atoms closely bound to it and the silver atoms form nucleating agents for the deposition of copper from an electroless plating bath. The metallized substrate may then be further electroplated.
摘要翻译：公开了通过在少量银离子的存在下用可聚合单体涂覆基底来非金属基底即聚合物基底金属化的方法。将基材清洗，酸蚀，然后与含有可溶性银盐的单体溶液接触。单体优选是多官能的并且形成接枝到聚合物基材上的聚合层。在用于再生银离子浓度的单体溶液中也公开了一种过氧化物，并且与单体结合以产生均聚物，其也附着到基材上的活性位点和接枝聚合物的侧链上。接枝层含有与其紧密结合的银原子，银原子形成成核剂，用于从无电镀浴中沉积铜。然后可以进一步电镀金属化衬底。

3. 发明授权

US4105811A Method of protectively coating metallic aluminum containing substrate 失效
标题翻译：保护性地涂覆含金属铝的基材的方法
公开(公告)号：US4105811A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-08
申请号：US547819
申请日：1975-02-07
申请人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter , Duryodhan Mangaraj
发明人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter , Duryodhan Mangaraj
IPC分类号： B05D7/16 , B05D3/02 , B05D3/10
CPC分类号： B05D7/16
摘要： A method is disclosed for protecting aluminum and aluminum alloys by the chemical bonding of a polymerized coating to the aluminum oxide on the aluminum surface. The protective coating is graft polymerized from a solution onto the aluminum in the presence of a small amount of silver ion as an initiator. A peroxide is present during the graft polymerization to regenerate silver ions and to catalyze polymerization of monomers and prepolymers which attach to the aluminum surface. The monomers are vinyl monomers containing one or more hydroxy, carboxy, glycidyl and aziridinyl groups. The prepolymers are polyurethane resins and aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic epoxy resins. The vinyl monomers and prepolymers are cross-linked to provide a transparent, impervious protective coating on the aluminum. The coated aluminum article made by the above method is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种通过聚合涂层与铝表面上的氧化铝的化学键合来保护铝和铝合金的方法。保护涂层在少量作为引发剂的银离子存在下，从溶液中接枝聚合到铝上。在接枝聚合期间存在过氧化物以再生银离子并催化连接到铝表面的单体和预聚物的聚合。单体是含有一个或多个羟基，羧基，缩水甘油基和氮丙啶基的乙烯基单体。预聚物是聚氨酯树脂和脂族，脂环族和芳族环氧树脂。乙烯基单体和预聚物交联以在铝上提供透明的，不透水的保护涂层。还公开了通过上述方法制造的涂覆的铝制品。

4. 发明授权

US3940377A Method of activating polymers 失效
标题翻译：活化聚合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US3940377A
公开(公告)日：1976-02-24
申请号：US264020
申请日：1972-06-19
申请人： Carl Horowitz , Leon Pinczuk , Michael Dichter
发明人： Carl Horowitz , Leon Pinczuk , Michael Dichter
IPC分类号： C08F8/36 , C08F8/42 , C08F291/14 , C08G63/91 , C08J7/12 , C08J7/16
CPC分类号： C08J7/16 , C08F291/14 , C08F8/32 , C08F8/36 , C08G63/91 , C08J7/12 , D06P3/79 , D06P3/791 , D06P3/792 , D06P5/22
摘要： The invention relates to the activation of polymers and more particularly to certain classes of high polymeric material which are not susceptible to dyeing or the like whereby the polymeric material is given a functional group which can react with dyes, monomeric materials, etc. Polymeric materials such as polyolefins, e.g. polypropylene, polyesters and polyvinylchloride are sulfonated by reaction with a sulfonating agent in the presence of a hydrocarbon and/or a chlorinated hydrocarbon. The resulting sulfonated polymer can then be easily dyed or can be reacted with monomers to obtain dyeable polymers.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及聚合物的活化，更具体地涉及对染料等不敏感的某些类别的高聚物材料，由此聚合物材料被赋予可与染料，单体材料等反应的官能团。聚合物材料如作为聚烯烃，例如聚丙烯，聚酯和聚氯乙烯通过在烃和/或氯化烃的存在下与磺化剂反应而磺化。所得到的磺化聚合物然后可以容易地染色，或者可以与单体反应得到可染色的聚合物。

5. 发明授权

US4091193A Rechargeable silver-zinc batteries 失效
标题翻译：可充电银锌电池
公开(公告)号：US4091193A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-23
申请号：US783448
申请日：1977-03-31
申请人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter
发明人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter
IPC分类号： H01M4/36 , H01M10/32 , H01M10/52 , H01M4/48 , H01M10/24
CPC分类号： H01M4/36 , H01M10/32 , H01M10/52
摘要： The evolution of hydrogen in rechargeable silver-zinc batteries is reduced by the incorporation into the zinc electrode of a minor proportion of a lead oxide, e.g. either lead oxide (PbO) or lead dioxide (PbO.sub.2). The invention further relates in general to electrodes for batteries, said electrodes consisting mainly of zinc oxide and having a small amount of lead oxide or lead dioxide distributed therethrough.
摘要翻译：可再充电的银 - 锌电池中的氢的演变通过掺入少量氧化铅的锌电极中而减少，例如，氧化铅（PbO）或二氧化铅（PbO2）。本发明通常还涉及电池用电极，所述电极主要由氧化锌组成，并且具有少量分布在其中的氧化铅或二氧化铅。

6. 发明授权

US4033852A Process for treating coal and products produced thereby 失效
标题翻译：用于处理煤和由此产生的产品的方法
公开(公告)号：US4033852A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-05
申请号：US590696
申请日：1975-06-26
申请人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter
发明人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter
IPC分类号： C08F2/00 , B01J31/00 , C08F2/44 , C08F4/10 , C08F4/28 , C08F4/46 , C08F289/00 , C10G1/00 , C10L9/02 , C10G1/04
CPC分类号： C10L9/02 , Y10S44/905
摘要： Novel modified coal products, which are more easily liquified as compared to natural coal, are produced by a process comprising activating coal with free radical or ionic catalyst systems and thereafter, reacting the activated coal with vinyl monomers to attach polymeric side chains to the coal.
摘要翻译：与天然煤相比，更容易液化的新型改性煤产品通过包括用自由基或离子催化剂体系活化煤并随后使活化的煤与乙烯基单体反应以将聚合物侧链连接到煤的方法来生产。

7. 发明授权

US4421569A Corrosion protection of steel pipes 失效
标题翻译：钢管腐蚀保护
公开(公告)号：US4421569A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-20
申请号：US376549
申请日：1982-05-07
申请人： Michael Dichter , Carl Horowitz
发明人： Michael Dichter , Carl Horowitz
IPC分类号： C08F283/00 , C09D4/06 , C09D5/08 , C23C1/10
CPC分类号： C09D5/08 , C08F283/00 , C09D4/06 , Y10S138/06
摘要： Polymeric coatings are provided on steel pipes to protect the same against corrosion. Monomers and prepolymers are permanently adhered to the surface of steel pipes by graft polymerization to form a barrier which keeps out moisture, oxygen and other corrosive gases from the steel substrate. The monomers and prepolymers are chosen to provide a low moisture vapor transmission rate and oxygen permeability.
摘要翻译：在钢管上提供聚合物涂层，以保护其不受腐蚀。单体和预聚物通过接枝聚合永久性地附着在钢管的表面上，形成阻挡钢板底层的水分，氧气和其他腐蚀性气体的屏障。选择单体和预聚物以提供低水蒸汽透过率和氧气渗透性。

8. 发明授权

US4297108A Desulfurization of coal 失效
标题翻译：煤的脱硫
公开(公告)号：US4297108A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-27
申请号：US142828
申请日：1980-04-22
申请人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter
发明人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter
IPC分类号： C10L9/02
CPC分类号： C10L9/02
摘要： Pyritic sulfur, organic sulfur and elemental sulfur are removed from coal by subjecting an aqueous slurry of coal to flotation for removal of most of the pyritic sulfur after which the coal obtained from the flotation is treated with dilute nitric acid which oxidizes any remaining pyritic sulfur and most of the organic sulfur, thus solubilizing the sulfur and reducing the sulfur content thereof. This coal can be filtered, washed and dried, if desired. Further reduction of organic sulfur is obtained by chemical treatment with unsaturated hydrocarbons which bind the organic sulfur thus lowering the sulfur content of the coal sufficiently so that the final product meets all requirements for use for power plants as well as for the metallurgical industry.
摘要翻译：通过使煤的含水浆料经浮选除去大部分黄铁矿硫，从煤中除去黄铁矿硫，有机硫和元素硫，然后用稀硝酸处理从浮选中获得的煤，氧化任何剩余的黄铁矿硫，大部分有机硫，从而溶解硫并降低其硫含量。如果需要，这种煤可以过滤，洗涤和干燥。通过用结合有机硫的不饱和烃进行化学处理，从而降低煤的硫含量，使得最终产品满足用于发电厂和冶金工业的所有要求，可以进一步减少有机硫。

9. 发明授权

US4107228A Universal paint composition and objects coated therewith 失效
标题翻译：通用涂料组合物和涂覆的物体
公开(公告)号：US4107228A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-15
申请号：US755165
申请日：1976-12-29
申请人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter , Mangara J. Duryodhan , Joseph A. Ioria
发明人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter , Mangara J. Duryodhan , Joseph A. Ioria
IPC分类号： C08F4/00 , C08F4/40 , C08F283/00 , C08G18/00 , C09D4/00 , C09D151/08 , C09D163/00 , C09D175/04 , C08L63/10
CPC分类号： C09D151/08 , C08F283/006 , C09D163/00 , C09D175/04 , Y10T428/31511
摘要： Novel paint compositions which may be universally applied to a variety of substrates such as metals or plastics without the use of an intermediate primer layer are formed from a mixture of a polymerizable vinyl monomer, an epoxy pre-polymer, a urethane resin, a peroxide polymerization initiator and a silver graft initiator in a suitable solvent. Conventional paint additives are also included in the composition. A one-coat application of the paint followed by conventional oven curing results in a painted object in which the paint is chemically bonded to the object and exhibits superior chemical and mechanical properties.
摘要翻译：由可聚合乙烯基单体，环氧预聚物，聚氨酯树脂，过氧化物聚合物的混合物形成可广泛应用于各种基材例如金属或塑料而不使用中间底漆层的新型涂料组合物引发剂和银接枝引发剂在合适的溶剂中。常规的涂料添加剂也包括在组合物中。油漆的单涂层应用常规烘箱固化后产生涂漆物体，其中油漆与物体化学键合并表现出优异的化学和机械性能。

10. 发明授权

US4051090A Adhesive bonding 失效
标题翻译：胶粘剂
公开(公告)号：US4051090A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-27
申请号：US535515
申请日：1974-12-23
申请人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter , Navinchandra Bhogilal Shah
发明人： Carl Horowitz , Michael Dichter , Navinchandra Bhogilal Shah
IPC分类号： C08F279/02 , C09J4/06 , C08L61/06
CPC分类号： C08F279/02 , C09J4/06 , Y10T428/24802 , Y10T428/3183
摘要： For securing together elastomeric substrates in surface-to-surface contact an adhesive for interposing between the substrates includes elastomer, a prepolymer or a polymerizable monomer, and a graft initiator. Molecular grafting occurs between the elastomer of the adhesive and the elastomer of both of the substrates, and after curing the layer of adhesive forms an integral assembly with the substrates, to result in a bonding strength which is much higher than is obtainable with known surface adhesives. The adhesive is of particular utility in bonding new tread bands to tire casings in the re-capping of used automobile tires.
摘要翻译：为了将表面到表面接触的弹性体基底固定在一起，用于插入基底之间的粘合剂包括弹性体，预聚物或可聚合单体和接枝引发剂。在粘合剂的弹性体和两种基材的弹性体之间发生分子接枝，并且在固化该粘合剂层之后，与基材形成整体的组合，导致与已知的表面粘合剂可获得的粘合强度高得多的粘合强度。粘合剂在将新的胎面带与用于轮胎的再封盖中的轮胎胎圈中粘接特别有用。

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