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1. 发明授权

US09055972B2 Proportional attenuation of radiation in brachytheraphy treatment 有权
标题翻译：近距离治疗辐射的比例衰减
公开(公告)号：US09055972B2
公开(公告)日：2015-06-16
申请号：US13291854
申请日：2011-11-08
申请人： Steve Axelrod , Robert R. Burnside , Paul A. Lovoi
发明人： Steve Axelrod , Robert R. Burnside , Paul A. Lovoi
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , A61B19/00
CPC分类号： A61B19/40 , A61B90/04 , A61B2090/0436 , A61N5/1001 , A61N2005/1094
摘要： Attenuating masks for selective attenuation of radiation, particularly from an x-ray source in brachytherapy, employ materials having atomic number in a specific range, so as to attenuate radiation dose intensity generally proportionally through a range of distance from the source. Some preferred attenuation materials are silver and molybdenum. A set of small masks can be provided for a particular design of catheter that holds a radiation source, each mask having a size and shape to define a different solid angle of masking, so that in a brachytherapy procedure, sensitive tissue such as bone or skin can be protected by proper selection of and positioning of the attenuating mask, to reduce the dose intensity to that tissue.
摘要翻译：用于选择性衰减辐射的衰减掩模，特别是来自近距离放射治疗中的X射线源，使用具有特定范围内的原子序数的材料，以便通过成比例的方式衰减辐射剂量强度，从而远离源的距离。一些优选的衰减材料是银和钼。可以为保持辐射源的导管的特定设计提供一组小的掩模，每个掩模具有尺寸和形状以限定不同的立体角度掩蔽，使得在近程放射治疗程序中，诸如骨骼或皮肤的敏感组织可以通过适当选择和定位衰减掩模来保护，以减少对该组织的剂量强度。

2. 发明申请

US20110305316A1 Apparatus and methods for radiation treatment of tissue surfaces 有权
标题翻译：组织表面放射治疗的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20110305316A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-15
申请号：US12802744
申请日：2010-06-11
申请人： Randall W. Holt , Steve Axelrod , Robert Burnside , Robert G. Neimeyer , Thomas W. Rusch
发明人： Randall W. Holt , Steve Axelrod , Robert Burnside , Robert G. Neimeyer , Thomas W. Rusch
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , A61N5/00
CPC分类号： A61N5/103 , A61N5/1043 , A61N2005/1091
摘要： A device, system and method for administering radiation therapy to a tissue surface of a patient utilizes an applicator capable of controlled movement and repositioning over a selected area of tissue, under the control of a computer or controller. A servo-controlled manipulator can effect a raster scan of the desired area, such as an area of the skin, and this can be in any desired pattern such as serpentine, spiral, parallel but unidirectional, or irregular patterns. Preferably a third direction of control is included, i.e. a depth direction, with an appropriate form of depth sensor, a signal from which can be used to adjust the radiation source so that radiation of the tissue surface is consistent over varied contoured.
摘要翻译：用于向患者的组织表面施用放射治疗的装置，系统和方法利用在计算机或控制器的控制下能够受控地移动和重新定位在组织的选定区域上的施加器。伺服控制的机械手可以对期望的区域（例如皮肤区域）进行光栅扫描，并且这可以是任何期望的图案，例如蛇形，螺旋，平行但单向或不规则图案。优选地，包括第三控制方向，即具有适当形式的深度传感器的深度方向，可以使用信号来调整辐射源，使得组织表面的辐射在多种轮廓上是一致的。

3. 发明申请

US20100022818A1 Applicators for brachytherapy treatment 审中-公开
标题翻译：近距离放射治疗的施放者
公开(公告)号：US20100022818A1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-28
申请号：US12220717
申请日：2008-07-25
申请人： Steve Axelrod , Thomas W. Rusch , Linda Kelley , Lucymarie Mantese
发明人： Steve Axelrod , Thomas W. Rusch , Linda Kelley , Lucymarie Mantese
IPC分类号： A61M36/04
CPC分类号： A61N5/1015 , A61M25/10 , A61N2005/1094
摘要： An applicator for brachytherapy radiation avoids over-radiation in the distal axial direction from a source positioned in the applicator, by attenuating distal axial radiation which tends to over-radiate, causing a “hot spot” in tissue in the axial direction, when the radiation travels through air space in the lumen.
摘要翻译：用于近距离放射线辐射的施加器避免了远离轴向方向的过度辐射，该辐射通过减弱趋向于过度辐射的远端轴向辐射，从而使得在轴向方向上的组织中产生“热点” 穿过管腔中的空气空间。

4. 发明申请

US20090030258A1 Method and apparatus for modifying distance from a brachytherapy radiation source to sensitive anatomical structures 有权
标题翻译：用于修改从近距离放射治疗辐射源到敏感解剖结构的距离的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20090030258A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-29
申请号：US11881835
申请日：2007-07-28
申请人： Steve Axelrod , James E. Jervis , Paul A. Lovoi
发明人： Steve Axelrod , James E. Jervis , Paul A. Lovoi
IPC分类号： A61M36/06
CPC分类号： A61M25/1011 , A61B2017/22069 , A61M25/1002 , A61M2025/1061 , A61N5/1015
摘要： A balloon brachytherapy applicator has either a single or double chambers, with the capability of “blistering” outwardly at a specified area on one side of the balloon. This is useful to move sensitive tissue, such as skin or bone, farther away from a radiation source within a source guide inside the balloon. In one case a secondary balloon or secondary compartment is formed on the primary balloon, and is separately inflatable so as to allow blistering as desired when needed. In another form the balloon comprises a single chamber, primarily of inelastic or fairly rigidly elastic wall material, but with a “window” or area in which the balloon wall is elastic, or substantially more elastic than the main balloon wall, so that inflation of the balloon up to a certain point forms a substantially regular balloon shape (which may be approximately spherical), and the addition of further pressure will blister out the elastic area to increase the distance between the shaft and the sensitive tissue in a desired orientation of the balloon.
摘要翻译：气球近距离放射治疗器具有单室或双室，在气球一侧的指定区域处具有“起泡”的能力。这对于将敏感组织（例如皮肤或骨骼）移动离气囊内的源引导件内的辐射源更远是有用的。在一种情况下，次级球囊或次级隔室形成在主气囊上，并且可分开地充气，以便在需要时根据需要允许起泡。在另一种形式中，气囊包括主要为非弹性或相当刚性弹性的壁材料的单个腔室，但具有球囊壁具有弹性或比主气囊壁基本上更有弹性的“窗口”或区域，从而使气球直到某一点形成基本上规则的气球形状（其可以近似为球形），并且增加进一步的压力将使弹性区域起泡以增加轴和敏感组织之间的距离，气球。

5. 发明授权

US06967726B2 Means for in-place automated calibration of optically-based thickness sensor 有权
标题翻译：用于光学厚度传感器的就地自动校准的手段
公开(公告)号：US06967726B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-22
申请号：US10679198
申请日：2003-10-03
申请人： Harriss T. King , Wesley D. French , Steve Axelrod , Scott C. Wiley
发明人： Harriss T. King , Wesley D. French , Steve Axelrod , Scott C. Wiley
IPC分类号： G01B11/28 , G01B21/08
CPC分类号： G01B21/08
摘要： The calibration of a laser caliber is described. The laser caliber uses first and second sensors to determine the distance to different sides of a sheet. A third sensor is used to determine the distance between the first and second sensors. The calibration of the first, second, and third sensors is done by positioning a test object onto the platform sensed by the third sensor. The platform is moved to multiple positions in order to calibrate the first, second and third sensors. Since the displacement of the platform moves the distance to the target of the first, second and third sensors the same amount, the sensors can be accurately calibrated for a number of different positions of the test object. A very accurate calibrating displacement measuring device such as an LVDT can be used.
摘要翻译：描述激光口径的校准。激光口径使用第一和第二传感器来确定到片材不同侧面的距离。第三传感器用于确定第一和第二传感器之间的距离。第一传感器，第二传感器和第三传感器的校准通过将测试对象定位在由第三传感器感测到的平台上来完成。将平台移动到多个位置，以校准第一，第二和第三传感器。由于平台的位移使得第一，第二和第三传感器的目标的距离移动相同的量，所以可以针对测试对象的多个不同位置精确地校准传感器。可以使用诸如LVDT的非常精确的校准位移测量装置。

6. 发明申请

US20120053390A1 PROPORTIONAL ATTENUATION OF RADIATION IN BRACHYTHERAPHY TREATMENT 审中-公开
标题翻译：横断面处理中辐射的比例衰减
公开(公告)号：US20120053390A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-01
申请号：US13291854
申请日：2011-11-08
申请人： Steve Axelrod , Robert R. Burnside , Paul A. Lovoi
发明人： Steve Axelrod , Robert R. Burnside , Paul A. Lovoi
IPC分类号： A61M36/12
CPC分类号： A61B19/40 , A61B90/04 , A61B2090/0436 , A61N5/1001 , A61N2005/1094
摘要： Attenuating masks for selective attenuation of radiation, particularly from an x-ray source in brachytherapy, employ materials having atomic number in a specific range, so as to attenuate radiation dose intensity generally proportionally through a range of distance from the source. Some preferred attenuation materials are silver and molybdenum. A set of small masks can be provided for a particular design of catheter that holds a radiation source, each mask having a size and shape to define a different solid angle of masking, so that in a brachytherapy procedure, sensitive tissue such as bone or skin can be protected by proper selection of and positioning of the attenuating mask, to reduce the dose intensity to that tissue.
摘要翻译：用于选择性衰减辐射的衰减掩模，特别是来自近距离放射治疗中的X射线源，使用具有特定范围内的原子序数的材料，以便通过成比例的方式衰减辐射剂量强度，从而远离源的距离。一些优选的衰减材料是银和钼。可以为保持辐射源的导管的特定设计提供一组小的掩模，每个掩模具有尺寸和形状以限定不同的立体角度掩蔽，使得在近程放射治疗程序中，诸如骨骼或皮肤的敏感组织可以通过适当选择和定位衰减掩模来保护，以减少对该组织的剂量强度。

7. 发明授权

US08062203B2 Proportional attenuation of radiation in brachytherapy treatment 有权
标题翻译：近距离放射治疗中辐射的比例衰减
公开(公告)号：US08062203B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-22
申请号：US12072620
申请日：2008-02-26
申请人： Steve Axelrod , Robert R. Burnside , Paul A. Lovoi
发明人： Steve Axelrod , Robert R. Burnside , Paul A. Lovoi
IPC分类号： A61N5/00
CPC分类号： A61B19/40 , A61B90/04 , A61B2090/0436 , A61N5/1001 , A61N2005/1094
摘要： Attenuating masks for selective attenuation of radiation, particularly from an x-ray source in brachytherapy, employ materials having atomic number in a specific range, so as to attenuate radiation dose intensity generally proportionally through a range of distance from the source. Some preferred attenuation materials are silver and molybdenum. A set of small masks can be provided for a particular design of catheter that holds a radiation source, each mask having a size and shape to define a different solid angle of masking, so that in a brachytherapy procedure, sensitive tissue such as bone or skin can be protected by proper selection of and positioning of the attenuating mask, to reduce the dose intensity to that tissue.
摘要翻译：用于选择性衰减辐射的衰减掩模，特别是来自近距离放射治疗中的X射线源，使用具有特定范围内的原子序数的材料，以便通过成比例的方式衰减辐射剂量强度，从而远离源的距离。一些优选的衰减材料是银和钼。可以为保持辐射源的导管的特定设计提供一组小的掩模，每个掩模具有尺寸和形状以限定不同的立体角度掩蔽，使得在近程放射治疗程序中，诸如骨骼或皮肤的敏感组织可以通过适当选择和定位衰减掩模来保护，以减少对该组织的剂量强度。

8. 发明申请

US20090216062A1 Proportional attenuation of radiation in brachytherapy treatment 有权
标题翻译：近距离放射治疗中辐射的比例衰减
公开(公告)号：US20090216062A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-27
申请号：US12072620
申请日：2008-02-26
申请人： Steve Axelrod , Robert R. Burnside , Paul A. Lovoi
发明人： Steve Axelrod , Robert R. Burnside , Paul A. Lovoi
IPC分类号： A61M36/08
CPC分类号： A61B19/40 , A61B90/04 , A61B2090/0436 , A61N5/1001 , A61N2005/1094
摘要： Attenuating masks for selective attenuation of radiation, particularly from an x-ray source in brachytherapy, employ materials having atomic number in a specific range, so as to attenuate radiation dose intensity generally proportionally through a range of distance from the source. Some preferred attenuation materials are silver and molybdenum. A set of small masks can be provided for a particular design of catheter that holds a radiation source, each mask having a size and shape to define a different solid angle of masking, so that in a brachytherapy procedure, sensitive tissue such as bone or skin can be protected by proper selection of and positioning of the attenuating mask, to reduce the dose intensity to that tissue.
摘要翻译：用于选择性衰减辐射的衰减掩模，特别是来自近距离放射治疗中的X射线源，使用具有特定范围内的原子序数的材料，以便通过成比例的方式衰减辐射剂量强度，从而远离源的距离。一些优选的衰减材料是银和钼。可以为保持辐射源的导管的特定设计提供一组小的掩模，每个掩模具有尺寸和形状以限定不同的立体角度掩蔽，使得在近程放射治疗程序中，诸如骨骼或皮肤的敏感组织可以通过适当选择和定位衰减掩模来保护，以减少对该组织的剂量强度。

9. 发明申请

US20070075277A1 Lightweight radiation absorbing shield 审中-公开
标题翻译：轻量吸收屏蔽
公开(公告)号：US20070075277A1
公开(公告)日：2007-04-05
申请号：US11233921
申请日：2005-09-22
申请人： Peter Smith , Steve Axelrod , Paul Lovoi
发明人： Peter Smith , Steve Axelrod , Paul Lovoi
IPC分类号： G21F3/00
CPC分类号： G21F1/125 , G21F3/02
摘要： A flexible, lightweight radiation absorbing sheet or shield includes heavy metal particles in one layer and mid-atomic number particles in another layer, the layer that will adjacent to the patient. The shield is particularly intended for protection of the wearer and others from radiation emanating from a therapeutic source positioned within the patient's body. With the disclosed multi-layer shield construction, backscattered radiation off the heavy metal particle layer, affecting the patient's adjacent tissue, is minimized.
摘要翻译：柔性，轻便的辐射吸收片或屏蔽层包括一层中的重金属颗粒和另一层中的中等原子序数颗粒，即与患者相邻的层。护罩特别用于保护佩戴者和其他人免受来自位于患者体内的治疗源的辐射。利用所公开的多层屏蔽结构，使重金属颗粒层的背散射辐射，影响患者的相邻组织，被最小化。

10. 发明授权

US06920030B2 Apparatus for eliminating static electrical charges from a web of dielectric sheet material 失效
标题翻译：用于从电介质片材的网状物消除静电荷的装置
公开(公告)号：US06920030B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-19
申请号：US10216133
申请日：2002-08-08
申请人： Lee M. Chase , Steve Axelrod , Robert L. Beaman , Leon Tao
发明人： Lee M. Chase , Steve Axelrod , Robert L. Beaman , Leon Tao
IPC分类号： H05F3/04 , H05F3/02 , H05F3/00
CPC分类号： H05F3/02
摘要： An apparatus is taught for draining static electrical charges build-up on a traveling web of dielectric material. The apparatus includes discharge means comprised of a metal member having one end formed into at least one needle point projection. The discharge means is connected to ground potential and mounted in close proximity to the traveling web. Responsive to concentrated static electrical charges the discharge means causes ionization of the gasses surrounding the discharge means, thereby draining the static electrical charges to the ground potential through the discharge means. The apparatus further includes means for sensing and reading the magnitude of static electrical charges drawn from the web of dielectric material and for applying the sensed information as digital signals to a manufacturing controller. The manufacturing controller uses the information to control manufacturing parameters that minimize the generation of static electrical charges during the manufacture of the dielectric material.
摘要翻译：教导了一种在电介质材料的行进网上排放静电电荷积累装置。该装置包括由金属构件构成的排出装置，该金属构件的一端形成至少一个针尖突起。排出装置连接到地电势并且安装在靠近行进网的位置。响应于集中的静电荷，放电装置引起围绕放电装置的气体的电离，从而通过排出装置将静电荷排出到地电位。该装置还包括用于感测和读取从电介质材料幅材拉出的静电荷的大小并用于将感测信息作为数字信号施加到制造控制器的装置。制造控制器使用该信息来控制在电介质材料的制造期间使静电荷的产生最小化的制造参数。

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