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    • 3. 发明申请
    • METHOD OF MODULATING B CELL FUNCTIONING
    • 调节B细胞功能的方法
    • US20100041756A1
    • 2010-02-18
    • US11719511
    • 2005-11-17
    • Michael Lionel SelleyJulia Jane InglisRichard Owen Williams
    • Michael Lionel SelleyJulia Jane InglisRichard Owen Williams
    • A61K31/195A61P37/00
    • A61K31/196A61K31/198A61K31/44A61K31/4402A61K31/47
    • The present invention relates generally to a method of modulating cellular functioning. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of modulating B cell functioning, for example B cell proliferation, utilising an IDO-mediated tryptophan metabolite as herein defined (particular examples of such IDO-mediated tryptophan metabolites include 3-hydroxykynurenic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, picolinic acid, quinolinic acid and tranilast). The method of the present invention is useful, inter alia, in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of conditions characterised by aberrant, unwanted or otherwise inappropriate B cell functioning such as antibody production, autoimmune conditions and B cell proliferation and neoplasias. In a related aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of therapeutically and/or prophylactically treating rheumatoid arthritis via the administration of the above-mentioned compounds.
    • 本发明一般涉及调节细胞功能的方法。 更具体地说,本发明涉及利用如本文定义的IDO介导的色氨酸代谢物来调节B细胞功能(例如B细胞增殖)的方法(这种IDO介导的色氨酸代谢物的具体实例包括3-羟基犬尿酸,3- 羟基邻氨基苯甲酸,吡啶甲酸,喹啉酸和曲尼司特)。 本发明的方法尤其可用于治疗和/或预防以异常,不需要或其他不适当的B细胞功能为特征的病症,例如抗体产生,自身免疫病症和B细胞增殖和肿瘤。 在相关方面,本发明涉及通过施用上述化合物治疗和/或预防性地治疗类风湿性关节炎的方法。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for switching mechanism
    • 切换机构的方法和装置
    • US5671841A
    • 1997-09-30
    • US667299
    • 1996-06-20
    • Richard Owen Glasson
    • Richard Owen Glasson
    • H01H13/06H01H13/14H01H13/36H01H13/48H01H5/18
    • H01H13/36H01H13/06H01H13/48H01H13/14
    • A switching mechanism comprising a housing, a spring, first and second movable contacts mechanically attached to the spring, first and second substantially fixed contacts attached to the housing, and an actuator is provided. The spring comprises first and second edges substantially fixed to the housing. In a rest position the first and second movable contacts do not electrically contact the first and second substantially fixed contacts, respectively. The actuator centrally actuates the spring to cause the first and second movable contacts to move in the same direction as the central portion of the spring and to electrically contact the first and second substantially fixed contacts. The spring is preferably a snap spring shaped in the form of a cross comprising a column member and first and second protruding wings. The first and second movable contacts are preferably mechanically and electrically connected to the first and second protruding wings respectively. The actuator preferably includes a ball, a substantially cylindrical portion having a first outer diameter, and a seal having a second outer diameter. The seal is preferably an O-ring seal which is designed to fit tightly around the substantially cylindrical device and tightly inside the housing.
    • 一种切换机构,包括壳体,弹簧,机械地连接到弹簧的第一和第二可移动触点,附接到壳体的第一和第二基本上固定的触点以及致动器。 弹簧包括基本上固定到壳体的第一和第二边缘。 在静止位置,第一和第二可移动触点分别不与第一和第二基本上固定的触点电接触。 致动器中心地致动弹簧,使得第一和第二可动触头沿与弹簧的中心部分相同的方向移动并且与第一和第二基本上固定的触点电接触。 弹簧优选地是十字形形状的卡簧,包括柱构件和第一和第二突出翼。 第一和第二可移动触头优选地分别机械地和电连接到第一和第二突出翼。 致动器优选地包括球,具有第一外径的大致圆柱形部分和具有第二外径的密封件。 密封件优选为O形环密封件,其被设计成紧密地围绕基本上圆柱形的装置并紧密地安装在壳体内。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Automatic exposure control apparatus for a microfilm printer
    • 微缩胶印机的自动曝光控制装置
    • US5170208A
    • 1992-12-08
    • US738663
    • 1991-07-31
    • Bruce H. KoehlerRichard Owen
    • Bruce H. KoehlerRichard Owen
    • G03B27/32G03B27/50G03B27/72G03B27/80G03G15/00G03G15/043
    • G03G15/5025G03B27/50G03B27/80G03G15/043
    • An exposure control apparatus for a microfilm printer includes an area (planar) light source, photo detector, and digital control circuits. An averaged density reading over at least the central five to twenty percent of the area of the microfilm frame is measured. This density reading is then used to control the intensity of the exposure lamp via a digital control circuit. The spatial relationships between the elements of the light source, the microfilm frame being read, and the photodetector are optimally arranged to provide an even illumination of the portion of the microfilm frame being measured without interfering with the film exposure process and without creating undue space demands.The microfilm density measurement provided by the apparatus is used to automatically control the intensity of the exposure lamp used in the exposure of a light sensitive medium in the development of prints from the microfilm. The exposure lamp light intensity that corresponds to the threshold level of the light sensitive medium (the minimum light exposure level that will form an image with no film in the exposure station) is established as the zero density threshold intensity. A threshold offset that corresponds to the measured density of a microfilm frame to be printed is added to the zero density threshold intensity to establish a desired exposure lamp intensity for exposing the microfilm frame for printing.