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1. 发明授权

US4982143A Phase control circuit for protection of a motor against thermal overload 失效
标题翻译：用于保护电机免受热过载的相位控制电路
公开(公告)号：US4982143A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-01
申请号：US306483
申请日：1989-02-03
申请人： Martin Gerschner , Friedrich Hornung
发明人： Martin Gerschner , Friedrich Hornung
IPC分类号： H02K11/00 , H02H6/00 , H02H7/085 , H02P25/04 , H02P27/02
CPC分类号： H02H6/00 , H02H7/0852
摘要： Thermal overload of a motor is avoided by measuring temperature and, when a limit temperature is exceeded, reducing the phase "window" within each power cycle during which the motor is energized. The limit temperature is sensed by a temperature sensor which is warmed either by heat conduction through a cooling body or by an air stream from the motor. The overload protection apparatus requires no measuring resistance in the load circuit.
摘要翻译：通过测量温度来避免电机的热过载，当超过极限温度时，减少电机通电期间的每个电源周期内的相位“窗口”。极限温度由温度传感器感测到，温度传感器通过冷却体的热传导或来自电动机的气流加热。过载保护装置在负载电路中不需要测量电阻。

2. 发明授权

US4722021A Safety circuit for hand tools, and method for safe operation thereof 失效
标题翻译：手动工具安全电路及其安全操作方法
公开(公告)号：US4722021A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-26
申请号：US915919
申请日：1986-10-03
申请人： Friedrich Hornung , Fritz Schadlich , Martin Gerschner , Klaus Gunther
发明人： Friedrich Hornung , Fritz Schadlich , Martin Gerschner , Klaus Gunther
IPC分类号： B23B45/00 , B23B47/00 , B27G21/00 , B28D1/14 , F16P7/00 , H02H3/14 , H02H3/17
CPC分类号： B28D1/14 , B23B45/00 , F16P7/00 , H02H3/14 , Y10S388/903 , Y10S388/909 , Y10S388/919 , Y10S388/937
摘要： To detect if a tool bit, such as a drill, a saw blade, or the like, upon being worked into a wall, meets a metallic obstruction, such as a conduit, reinforcement rod, hydraulic pipe or the like, an alternating voltage, preferably between 2 and 20 kHz, is coupled through a coupling capacitor (9) to the tool bit, and current flow to the tool bit is detected by a current measurement stage (10; 31, 32) to disconnect energy to the drive motor (5), for example by disabling firing of a thyristor (15), or closing a valve of a compressed-air tool. The coupling capacitor should have a capacity small enough to provide high impedance to network power frequency, and to insure a substantial change in current being supplied to the tool bit holder, typically a chuck, if the tool bit meets a metallic object in the wall. The a-c supply circuit can be formed as part of a trigger circuit for the thyristor, by pulse-energizing a trigger diode (28) upon repetitive charge of a capacitor (26) through a charging network (22, 23, 24, 25).
摘要翻译：为了检测工具钻头（例如钻头，锯片等）在被加工成墙壁时是否遇到金属阻塞物，例如导管，加强杆，液压管等，交流电压，优选地在2和20kHz之间，通过耦合电容器（9）耦合到工具头，并且通过电流测量级（10; 31,32）检测到工具位的电流流动以将能量断开到驱动电动机 5），例如通过禁止烧制可控硅（15）或关闭压缩空气工具的阀。耦合电容应具有足够小的能力，以提供对网络功率频率的高阻抗，并且如果工具头与壁中的金属物体相遇，则确保将电流提供给工具头座（通常为卡盘）的实质变化。 a-c电源电路可以形成为用于晶闸管的触发电路的一部分，通过在电容器（26）经过充电网络（22,23,24,25）重复充电时，通过脉冲激励触发二极管（28）。

3. 发明授权

US4219747A Mechanical apparatus for activating no load current limiting circuits in electric motors 失效
标题翻译：用于激活电动机中空载限流电路的机械装置
公开(公告)号：US4219747A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-26
申请号：US961106
申请日：1978-11-16
申请人： Friedrich Hornung , Fritz Schadlich
发明人： Friedrich Hornung , Fritz Schadlich
IPC分类号： B23B45/02 , B23D45/16 , B23D59/00 , H02K11/00 , H02P7/00
CPC分类号： B23B45/02 , B23D59/001 , B23B2260/128
摘要： A mechanical switch is provided which, in a first position connects a current limiting circuit to a motor and, in a second position, disconnects the current limiting circuit from the motor. Mechanical activators are provided for the mechanical switch, to switch it from the first to the second position when the tool including the motor has a predetermined relationship to the workpiece. The mechanical activators provided for the mechanical switch operate the switch either when correct positioning of the tool relative to the workpiece results in a predetermined force being applied to the activator by the workpiece or when a shaft of the tool transmits a predetermined torque.
摘要翻译：提供了一种机械开关，其在第一位置将限流电路连接到电动机，并且在第二位置将电流限制电路与电动机断开。为机械开关提供机械式激活器，当包括电动机的工具与工件具有预定关系时，将其从第一位置切换到第二位置。为机械开关提供的机械激活器可以在刀具相对于工件的正确定位时产生预定的力由工件施加到激励器上或当工具的轴传递预定扭矩时操作开关。

4. 发明授权

US4540318A Rotary electrical tool with speed control, especially drill 失效
标题翻译：旋转电动工具带速度控制，特别是钻头
公开(公告)号：US4540318A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-10
申请号：US497506
申请日：1983-05-24
申请人： Friedrich Hornung , Fritz Schadlich
发明人： Friedrich Hornung , Fritz Schadlich
IPC分类号： B23Q1/00 , B23Q3/16 , B23Q15/08 , B25B21/00 , B25F5/00 , H02P23/00 , B23B45/02
CPC分类号： B25B21/00 , B23Q1/0009 , B23Q15/08 , B23Q3/16 , B25F5/001 , H02P23/16 , G05B2219/43125 , Y10T279/21 , Y10T408/16 , Y10T408/165
摘要： To provide for, selectively, control of the speed of a tool, such as a drill or boring tool coupled to an electric drill or boring machine motor, independently of the setting of a multi-speed transmission, speed of the tool is sensed by a contactless transducer (4, 7), one part of which is coupled to the chuck (1, 2) and the other to the housing (H) of the tool, to provide speed signals which incorporate the transmission ratio of the gear (G, 66). Speed control, for example under a command signal (40; 50), then will control the actual speed, regardless of the transmission setting, with the torque deliverable by the motor being controlled by the selected gear. The diameter of the drill or other tool bit is sensed also by the transducer, if coupled to the chuck jaws, to vary the output signal from the transducer as a function of chuck jaw diameter. The output signal can be selectively analyzed for frequency in a frequency evaluation stage (35), and for amplitude in an amplitude evaluation stage (34), the speed and chuck jaw spacing signals can be separated (FIG. 8) from a combined speed - chuck jaw spacing signal obtained, to provide for control of the motor as a function of material being worked on (40; A-D), of accessories (40) to associate output speed with materials and drill diameter in accordance with selected functions, or only of speed, for example for operating accessories such as screwdrivers, sanding disks, or the like.
摘要翻译：为了提供，选择性地控制工具的速度，例如与电钻或镗床电动机相连接的钻头或钻孔工具，与多速变速器的设定无关，工具的速度由非接触传感器（4,7），其一部分耦合到卡盘（1,2），另一部分耦合到工具的壳体（H），以提供速度信号，其包括齿轮（G， 66）。速度控制，例如在命令信号（40; 50）下，然后将控制实际速度，无论传动设置如何，电机可由所选齿轮控制的扭矩传递。钻头或其他工具钻头的直径也由换能器感测，如果与卡盘爪相连，则根据卡盘爪直径来改变来自换能器的输出信号。可以在频率评估阶段（35）中选择性地分析输出信号的频率，并且对于幅度评估级（34）中的幅度，可以将速度和卡盘夹爪间隔信号从组合速度 - 获得的卡盘夹爪间隔信号，用于根据附件（40）在（40; AD）上加工的材料的功能来控制马达，以根据所选功能将输出速度与材料和钻头直径相关联，或者仅仅是速度，例如用于操作诸如螺丝刀，砂光盘等的附件。

5. 发明授权

US4493377A Electronic two-hand safety system for power tools 失效
标题翻译：电动工具电子双手安全系统
公开(公告)号：US4493377A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-15
申请号：US313648
申请日：1981-10-22
申请人： Klaus Gunther , Friedrich Hornung , Kurt Paule , Fritz Schadlich
发明人： Klaus Gunther , Friedrich Hornung , Kurt Paule , Fritz Schadlich
IPC分类号： H03K17/96 , F16P3/20
CPC分类号： F16P3/20
摘要： To permit operation of the power tool only if both hands of an operator are engaged, the tool is formed with a handle portion which has a sensing surface thereon, electrically coupled to a current flow sensing circuit, preferably including an opto-coupler or a field-effect transistor (FET) circuit which permits firing of a triac, thyristor, or the like only if current flows over the sensing surface by area contact therewith. The sensing surface is energized, preferably, from a resistive or capacitative voltage divider; the capacitative voltage divider has the advantage that the triac firing circuit can cause the triac to fire during null or zero crossings of ac supplied power. If a locking-type switch is used, two handles or touch-areas are needed; if a spring-loaded switch is provided, it can function as one safety element, and a touch-area sensing surface as the other.
摘要翻译：只有当操作者的双手接合时才允许动力工具的操作，该工具形成有手柄部分，手柄部分具有感测表面，其电耦合到电流流动检测电路，优选地包括光耦合器或场只有当电流通过与其接触的区域与电流流过感测表面时，晶体管（FET）电路才允许三端双向可控硅开关元件，晶闸管等的点火。感测表面优选地由电阻或电容分压器供电; 电容分压器具有的优点是，三端双向可控硅开关电路可以在交流供电的零通或零交叉期间引起三端双向可控硅开关。如果使用锁定式开关，则需要两个手柄或触摸区域; 如果设有弹簧开关，它可以作为一个安全元件，另一个是触摸区域感应表面。

6. 发明授权

US06326710B1 Electric motor 失效
标题翻译：电动马达
公开(公告)号：US06326710B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-04
申请号：US09486510
申请日：2000-05-18
申请人： Klaus Guenther , Manfred Kirn , Friedrich Hornung
发明人： Klaus Guenther , Manfred Kirn , Friedrich Hornung
IPC分类号： H02P304
CPC分类号： H02K7/1023 , F16D49/00 , F16D2066/003 , H02K7/102 , H02K7/12
摘要： An electric motor has a switching device, a driving circuit connectable to a voltage supply through the switching device and having a drive shaft, a mechanically acting braking device for braking the drive shaft when disconnecting the electric motor from the voltage supply, a rotor serving to generate torque and acted upon by a mechanical braking force when switching off the voltage supply, at least one radially displaceable part which applies the braking force and is magnetizable and acted upon by an electromagnetic releasing force which is directed opposite to the braking force and is greater than the braking force, and a stator having an axial slit which is overlapped by the part, and at least one shorted turn arranged in an area of the slit.
摘要翻译：电动机具有开关装置，通过开关装置与电压源连接的驱动电路，具有驱动轴，用于在将电动马达与电源断开时制动驱动轴的机械动作制动装置，产生转矩并在关闭电源时由机械制动力作用，至少一个可施加制动力的可径向移动的部件可磁化并通过与制动力相反的电磁释放力作用，并且更大以及具有与所述部分重叠的轴向狭缝的定子和设置在所述狭缝的区域中的至少一个短路匝。

7. 发明授权

US5496207A Orbital disk grinder 失效
标题翻译：轨道盘研磨机
公开(公告)号：US5496207A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-05
申请号：US133025
申请日：1993-10-08
申请人： Friedrich Hornung , Klaus Gu/ nther , Bernd Upphoff , Julian Pfaundler
发明人： Friedrich Hornung , Klaus Gu/ nther , Bernd Upphoff , Julian Pfaundler
IPC分类号： B23Q17/10 , B24B23/03
CPC分类号： B24B23/03 , B23Q17/10
摘要： An orbital disk grinder comprises a housing, grinding disk which can be applied to a working surface, a motor for moving the grinding disk so that the grinding disk gyrates in a circular orbit and simultaneously rotates about its axis, and speed control means operative for setting a speed of the grinding disk low when a normal force acting on the working surface is low, and high when the normal force acting on the working surface is high, so that a normal force acting on the grinding disk serves as a setting variable of the speed control means.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE93 / 00157 Sec。 371日期：1993年10月8日 102（e）日期1993年10月8日PCT提交1993年2月24日PCT公布。公开号WO93 / 17828 日期：1993年9月16日。轨道式盘式磨碎机包括可以施加到工作表面的壳体，研磨盘，用于移动研磨盘的马达，使得研磨盘旋转成圆形轨道并同时围绕其轴旋转，以及速度控制装置，用于当作用在工作表面上的法向力低时将研磨盘的速度设置得较低，当作用在工作表面上的法向力高时，速度控制装置高，使得作用在研磨盘上的法向力用作速度控制装置的设定变量。

8. 发明授权

US4463293A Method and apparatus for shutting off a power screwdriver 失效
标题翻译：用于切断电动螺丝刀的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4463293A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-31
申请号：US477624
申请日：1983-03-22
申请人： Friedrich Hornung , Wolfgang Jundt , Fritz Schadlich , Hans-Joachim Vogt , Steffen Wunsch
发明人： Friedrich Hornung , Wolfgang Jundt , Fritz Schadlich , Hans-Joachim Vogt , Steffen Wunsch
IPC分类号： B25B23/155 , B25B21/00 , B25B23/14 , H02P3/06 , H02P1/22 , H02H7/085
CPC分类号： B25B23/14 , B25B21/00
摘要： A power screwdriver that is equipped with a spring coupling between the motor drive and the tool spindle, a signal that indicates that a certain value of torque has been overstepped, at which the screwdriver must be sopped, first causes reversal of the motor, but before the motor appreciably turns in the reverse direction, powers shut-off, allowing the motor to coast. After another brief interval, power is reapplied to the motor in the original direction, again briefly. In this way it is possible for the final shut-off to occur when the motor is stopped and the spring is unstressed, avoiding oscillations of the motor-spring system. A triac bridge circuit makes possible quick reversals and brief applications of power. In such a bridge circuit, precautions must be taken to be sure one pair of triacs is extinguished before the other pair is ignited.
摘要翻译：一个电动螺丝传动装置，在电动机驱动器和工具主轴之间配有一个弹簧联轴器，一个指示扭矩已经超过某一特定值的信号，螺丝刀必须在其上被挤压，首先会引起电机的反转，但之前电机明显转向相反方向，电源关闭，允许电机滑行。在另一短暂的时间间隔之后，再次简单地向原始方向重新施加电动机。以这种方式，当电机停止并且弹簧不受应力时，可能发生最终关断，避免电机 - 弹簧系统发生振动。三端双向可控硅开关桥电路可以实现快速反向和功率的简单应用。在这样一个桥接电路中，必须注意确保一对三端双向可控硅开关在另一对点火之前熄灭。

9. 发明授权

US5099184A Electrical series motor with dynamic braking circuit 失效
标题翻译：电动马达与动力制动电路
公开(公告)号：US5099184A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US434085
申请日：1989-11-09
申请人： Friedrich Hornung , Arnim Fiebig , Manfred Kirn , Gunter Schaal
发明人： Friedrich Hornung , Arnim Fiebig , Manfred Kirn , Gunter Schaal
IPC分类号： H02P3/12 , B23B47/06 , H02P3/06 , H02P3/14
CPC分类号： H02P3/06
摘要： To provide sufficient magnetization to the field of a series motor when the series motor is to be operated in dynamic braking mode, with a dissipating resistor or short circuit element (4) connected across the armature (5), a circuit connection is established between one of the main terminals of the motor through the series field to supply a minimum magnetization current, at least when the motor operates under dynamic braking conditions, typically a few to up to 15% of no-load current of the motor. This is sufficient magnetization so that, even in larger motors where remanent magnetism of the field structure is insufficient, reliable dynamic braking can be ensured. A switch (S; S.sub.1, S.sub.2) selectively connects the motor armature for motor drive or running operation and dynamic braking operation. The magnetization current supply can be through a capacitor, resistor, or resistor-capacitor combination, which can be permanently connected across the power supply (10, 11) of the motor, or connected in circuit only when the switch (S, S.sub.2) changes the motor into dynamic braking operation.
摘要翻译：为了在串联电动机以动态制动模式运行时，通过在电枢（5）两端连接的耗散电阻器或短路元件（4），在串联电动机的场中提供足够的磁化强度，建立一个电路连接的电机的主端子通过串联场提供最小的磁化电流，至少当电动机在动态制动条件下运行时，电机的空载电流通常为几到高达15％。这是足够的磁化，使得即使在场结构的剩余磁性不足的较大的电动机中，也可以确保可靠的动态制动。开关（S; S1，S2）有选择地连接电动机电枢，用于电机驱动或运行操作和动态制动操作。磁化电流源可以通过电容器，电阻器或电阻器 - 电容器组合，其可以永久地连接在电动机的电源（10,11）之间，或者仅在开关（S，S2）变化时连接在电路中电机进入动态制动操作。

10. 发明授权

US4673318A Hand tool machine, in particular drilling machine 失效
标题翻译：手动工具机，特别是钻床
公开(公告)号：US4673318A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-16
申请号：US531592
申请日：1983-09-12
申请人： Friedrich Hornung , Kurt Paule , Fritz Schadlich
发明人： Friedrich Hornung , Kurt Paule , Fritz Schadlich
IPC分类号： B23B45/00 , B23B45/02 , G01B5/08 , G01B7/12 , H02P7/28
CPC分类号： B23B45/02 , G01B5/08 , G01B7/12 , Y10T408/08 , Y10T408/165
摘要： A hand tool machine, in particular a drill machine, has a feeler device for determining the diameter of a tool element to be used with the hand tool machine. For measuring the tool elements prior to insertion into the clamping element of the hand tool machine, a feeler device is provided which is arranged separately from the clamping element and is connected with an indicator. The diameter determined by the feeler device is administered to a control unit which is controlling the driving motor. The control unit can also receive in addition further information concerning the material to be treated by means of an input device. In view of the measuring value with regard to the diameter of the tool element and the administered information concerning the material, the optimum rotary speed for the tool element and consequently for the driving motor is determined and adjusted.
摘要翻译：一种手动工具机械，特别是钻机，具有用于确定与手动工具机器一起使用的工具元件的直径的探针装置。为了在插入手动工具机的夹紧元件之前测量刀具元件，提供了一个与夹紧元件分开设置并与指示器连接的探针装置。由测距装置确定的直径被施加到控制驱动电动机的控制单元。控制单元还可以通过输入装置另外接收关于待处理材料的进一步信息。考虑到关于工具元件的直径的测量值和关于材料的管理信息，确定和调整用于工具元件以及因此对于驱动电动机的最佳转速。

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