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1. 发明授权

US5417100A Reversible sensor for detecting solvent vapors 失效
标题翻译：用于检测溶剂蒸汽的可逆传感器
公开(公告)号：US5417100A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US29805
申请日：1993-03-10
申请人： Leroy J. Miller , Camille I. van Ast , Frederick G. Yamagishi
发明人： Leroy J. Miller , Camille I. van Ast , Frederick G. Yamagishi
IPC分类号： G01M3/16 , G01N27/12 , G01N27/22 , G01N33/00 , G01N27/00 , G01R27/22
CPC分类号： G01N33/0047 , G01M3/16 , G01N27/126 , Y10T428/3154 , Y10T428/31681
摘要： A novel, inexpensive sensor (10) for detecting volatile hydrocarbons and other solvent vapors detects leaks in the fittings and valves of petroleum refineries and chemical manufacturing and processing plants. The sensor comprises (a) a dielectric substrate (12) having a major surface; (b) a pair of interdigitated, electrically conductive electrodes (14a, 14b) disposed on the major surface of the substrate; and (c) a composite coating (16) covering the interdigitated electrodes and comprising (1) a conductive polymer, and (2) a dielectric polymer with an affinity for the solvent vapors to be detected.
摘要翻译：一种用于检测挥发性烃类和其他溶剂蒸汽的新型廉价传感器（10）检测炼油厂和化学制造和加工厂的配件和阀门的泄漏。传感器包括（a）具有主表面的电介质基底（12）（b）设置在基板的主表面上的一对交叉导电电极（14a，14b）; 和（c）覆盖交错电极的复合涂层（16），并且包括（1）导电聚合物，和（2）对待检测的溶剂蒸汽具有亲和性的介电聚合物。

2. 发明授权

US06730212B1 Sensor for chemical and biological materials 失效
标题翻译：化学和生物材料传感器
公开(公告)号：US06730212B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-04
申请号：US09679428
申请日：2000-10-03
申请人： Frederick G. Yamagishi , Thomas B. Stanford, Jr. , Camille I. Van Ast
发明人： Frederick G. Yamagishi , Thomas B. Stanford, Jr. , Camille I. Van Ast
IPC分类号： G01N27327
CPC分类号： G01N27/126
摘要： A sensor and method for detecting biological and chemical agents comprising metal interdigitized electrodes coated with hybrid polymer-based conducting film and an instrument for applying electrical voltage to the electrodes and registering the change in voltage. The hybrid film also comprises indicator biomolecules encapsulated within the film or attached to it. When these indicator biomolecules come in a contact with a biological and chemical agent, morphological changes occur in the film and electrical current flowing through the electrodes is modulated. The change in current indicates the presence of a biological and chemical agent and is registered.
摘要翻译：一种用于检测生物和化学试剂的传感器和方法，包括涂覆有杂化聚合物基导电膜的金属叉指电极和用于向电极施加电压并记录电压变化的仪器。杂交膜还包含封装在膜内或附着于其上的指示生物分子。当这些指示剂生物分子与生物和化学试剂接触时，膜中发生形态变化，并且调节流过电极的电流。电流的变化表明存在生物和化学药剂并被注册。

3. 发明授权

US5756879A Volatile organic compound sensors 失效
标题翻译：挥发性有机化合物传感器
公开(公告)号：US5756879A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-26
申请号：US685997
申请日：1996-07-25
申请人： Frederick G. Yamagishi , Thomas B. Stanford , Camille I. van Ast , Leroy J. Miller
发明人： Frederick G. Yamagishi , Thomas B. Stanford , Camille I. van Ast , Leroy J. Miller
IPC分类号： G01N27/12 , G01N27/00 , B05D5/12 , C08F283/00 , G01N7/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/126 , Y10T428/3154
摘要： A novel, inexpensive sensor and method for detecting volatile compounds in the gas phase at concentrations of less than about 500 ppm in ambient air are provided. The sensor comprises (a) a dielectric substrate having a major surface; (b) a pair of electrically conductive electrodes disposed on the major surface of the substrate; and (c) a conductive polymer covering the pair of electrically conductive electrodes, with the conductive polymer doped with appropriate dopants in measurable excess of that stoichiometrically required to change the conductive polymer from a neutral state to a charged state to provide requisite conductivity. A method for making the sensor is provided, as is a method of use of the sensor which relates to its use in a monitoring system comprising a means for measuring the conductivity of the sensor connected to a warning means for providing an indication when the conductivity reaches a predetermined level. Contemplated specific methods of use include the detection of fugitive emissions in chemical plant environments; the detection of certain pollutants in vehicle exhaust; and the detection of certain pollutants near chemical handling operations, such as painting operations.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于在环境空气中以小于约500ppm的浓度检测气相中的挥发性化合物的新型廉价的传感器和方法。传感器包括（a）具有主表面的电介质基片; （b）设置在基板的主表面上的一对导电电极; 并且（c）覆盖一对导电电极的导电聚合物，其中导电聚合物掺杂合适的掺杂剂，其可测量的过量是将导电聚合物从中性状态改变为带电状态所需的化学计量要求，以提供必需的导电性。提供了一种用于制造传感器的方法，传感器的使用方法与其在监视系统中的使用相关，该监视系统包括用于测量连接到警告装置的传感器的电导率的装置，用于当电导率达到时提供指示一个预定的水平。考虑的具体使用方法包括检测化学工厂环境中的逃逸排放; 检测车辆废气中某些污染物; 并检测化学处理操作附近的某些污染物，如油漆作业。

4. 发明授权

US5308552A Method of fabricating anisometric metal needles and birefringent suspension thereof in dielectric fluid 失效
标题翻译：制造各向异性金属针及其在介质流体中的双折射悬浮液的方法
公开(公告)号：US5308552A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-03
申请号：US911825
申请日：1992-07-10
申请人： Chan S. Bak , Leroy J. Miller , Camille I. Van Ast
发明人： Chan S. Bak , Leroy J. Miller , Camille I. Van Ast
IPC分类号： G02F1/19 , C23C14/00 , C23C14/04 , C23C14/22 , G02F1/17 , C10M3/10
CPC分类号： C23C14/225 , C23C14/0005 , C23C14/04 , G02F1/172 , Y10T428/12014 , Y10T428/12021 , Y10T428/12424 , Y10T428/12431 , Y10T428/12438 , Y10T428/12458 , Y10T428/12465 , Y10T428/12493
摘要： A grating (22) of narrow parallel ridges (24) is formed in the surface (26) of a substrate (20) made of a hard material such as silicon dioxide. Metal (40) is deposited onto the grating (22) perpendicular to the ridges (24) at an angle of approximately 45.degree. to the surface (26) of the grating such that the metal (40) is deposited onto the top (24a) and one of the sides (24b) of the each of the ridges (24) to form generally L-shaped metal strips (12') thereon. The metal strips (12') are cut at periodic intervals along the ridges (24) to produce anisometric metal needles (12). The substrate (20) is immersed in a dielectric fluid (14), and ultrasonic energy is applied to cause the needles (12) to release from the substrate (20) into suspension in the fluid (14). The L-shape of the needles (12) makes them resistant to bending. The suspension ( 10) has birefringent properties similar to liquid crystals, but may be electrically switched at much higher speed. The index of refraction of the suspension (10) varies in accordance with the alignment of the needles (12), thereby enabling the direction and phase of an electromagnetic wave propagating through the suspension (1) to be controlled by varying the magnitude of the applied electric field.
摘要翻译：在由诸如二氧化硅的硬质材料制成的衬底（20）的表面（26）中形成有窄平行脊（24）的光栅（22）。金属（40）以与栅格的表面（26）成大约45°的角度垂直于脊（24）沉积到光栅（22）上，使得金属（40）沉积到顶部（24a）上，和每个脊（24）的一个侧面（24b）中的一个，以在其上形成大致L形的金属条（12'）。沿着脊（24）以周期性间隔切割金属条（12'）以产生不等距金属针（12）。将衬底（20）浸入介电流体（14）中，并施加超声能量以使针（12）从衬底（20）释放到流体（14）中的悬浮液中。针（12）的L形使得它们抗弯曲。悬浮液（10）具有与液晶类似的双折射性质，但可以以更高的速度进行电气切换。悬架（10）的折射率根据针（12）的对准而变化，从而使通过悬架（1）传播的电磁波的方向和相位可以通过改变所施加的电场。

5. 发明授权

US07008524B2 Sensors with variable response behavior 失效
公开(公告)号：US07008524B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-07
申请号：US10230947
申请日：2002-08-29
申请人： Thomas B. Stanford , Camille I. Van Ast , Frederick G. Yamagishi
发明人： Thomas B. Stanford , Camille I. Van Ast , Frederick G. Yamagishi
IPC分类号： G01N27/327 , C12Q1/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/3276 , C12Q1/001 , G01N33/5438
摘要： A sensor and method for detecting biological and chemical agents comprising metal interdigitized electrodes coated with hybrid polymer-based conducting film and an instrument for applying electrical voltage to the electrodes and registering the change in electrical current. The hybrid film also comprises indicator biomolecules encapsulated within the film or attached to it. The bioindicator molecules preferably comprise enzyme acetylcholinesterase. When these indicator biomolecules come in a contact with a pathogen, chemical and/or morphological changes occur in the film and electrical current flowing through the electrodes is modulated. The pathogen comprise inhibitors of enzymes, preferably organophosphates, thiophosphates or phosphonates. The change in current indicates the presence of a biological and chemical agent and is registered.

6. 发明授权

US5739268A Preparation of cyanate ester polymers and composites for metal plating 失效
标题翻译：氰酸酯聚合物和金属电镀复合材料的制备
公开(公告)号：US5739268A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-14
申请号：US638694
申请日：1996-04-26
申请人： Camille I. Van Ast
发明人： Camille I. Van Ast
IPC分类号： C23C18/20 , H05K3/18 , H05K3/38 , B05D3/00 , C08J7/00
CPC分类号： C23C18/30 , C23C18/2086 , C23C18/26 , C23C18/285 , H05K3/181 , H05K3/381
摘要： A method is provided for preparing the surface of a cyanate ester polymer or composite for metal plating. The surface is treated with a preheated solution containing a compound selected from the group consisting of at least one quaternary ammonium hydroxide and at least one primary amine. The method of the invention operates to improve adhesion between the treated surface and a subsequently plated metal, such that the resulting cyanate ester polymer or composite may replace certain metallic components in such applications as aircraft, spacecraft, and automobiles given its highly conductive metallic coating.
摘要翻译：提供了一种制备用于金属电镀的氰酸酯聚合物或复合材料的表面的方法。表面用含有选自至少一种氢氧化季铵和至少一种伯胺的化合物的预热溶液处理。本发明的方法用于改善经处理的表面和随后镀覆的金属之间的粘合性，使得所得到的氰酸酯聚合物或复合材料可以在诸如飞行器，航天器和汽车等给定其高导电性金属涂层的应用中替代某些金属成分。

7. 发明授权

US5607573A Method for detecting fugitive emissions 失效
标题翻译：检测逃逸排放的方法
公开(公告)号：US5607573A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-04
申请号：US392585
申请日：1995-02-23
申请人： Leroy J. Miller , Camille I. van Ast , Frederick G. Yamagishi
发明人： Leroy J. Miller , Camille I. van Ast , Frederick G. Yamagishi
IPC分类号： G01M3/16 , G01N27/12 , G01N27/22 , G01N33/00 , G01N27/26
CPC分类号： G01N33/0047 , G01M3/16 , G01N27/126
摘要： A novel, inexpensive sensor (10) for detecting volatile hydrocarbons and other solvent vapors detects leaks in the fittings and valves of petroleum refineries and chemical manufacturing and processing plants. The sensor comprises (a) a dielectric substrate (12) having a major surface; (b) a pair of interdigitated, electrically conductive electrodes (14a, 14b) disposed on the major surface of the substrate; and (c) a composite coating (16) covering the interdigitated electrodes and comprising (1) a conductive polymer, and (2) a dielectric polymer with an affinity for the solvent vapors to be detected.
摘要翻译：一种用于检测挥发性烃类和其他溶剂蒸汽的新型廉价传感器（10）检测炼油厂和化学制造和加工厂的配件和阀门的泄漏。传感器包括（a）具有主表面的电介质基底（12）（b）设置在基板的主表面上的一对交叉导电电极（14a，14b）; 和（c）覆盖交错电极的复合涂层（16），并且包括（1）导电聚合物，和（2）对待检测的溶剂蒸汽具有亲和性的介电聚合物。

8. 发明授权

US5376463A Anisometric metal needles with L-shaped cross-section 失效
标题翻译：具有L形横截面的异相金属针
公开(公告)号：US5376463A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-27
申请号：US124777
申请日：1993-09-20
申请人： Chan S. Bak , Leroy J. Miller , Camille I. Van Ast
发明人： Chan S. Bak , Leroy J. Miller , Camille I. Van Ast
IPC分类号： G02F1/19 , C23C14/00 , C23C14/04 , C23C14/22 , G02F1/17 , B22F9/00
CPC分类号： C23C14/225 , C23C14/0005 , C23C14/04 , G02F1/172 , Y10T428/12014 , Y10T428/12021 , Y10T428/12424 , Y10T428/12431 , Y10T428/12438 , Y10T428/12458 , Y10T428/12465 , Y10T428/12493
摘要： A grating (22) of narrow parallel ridges (24) is formed in the surface (26) of a substrate (20) made of a hard material such as silicon dioxide. Metal (40) is deposited onto the grating (22) perpendicular to the ridges (24) at an angle of approximately 45.degree. to the surface (26) of the grating such that the metal (40) is deposited onto the top (24a) and one of the sides (24b) of the each of the ridges (24) to form generally L-shaped metal strips (12') thereon. The metal strips (12') are cut at periodic intervals along the ridges (24) to produce anisometric metal needles (12). The substrate (20) is immersed in a dielectric fluid (14), and ultrasonic energy is applied to cause the needles (12) to release from the substrate (20) into suspension in the fluid (14). The L-shape of the needles (12) makes them resistant to bending. The suspension (10) has birefringent properties similar to liquid crystals, but may be electrically switched at much higher speed. The index of refraction of the suspension (10) varies in accordance with the alignment of the needles (12), thereby enabling the direction and phase of an electromagnetic wave propagating through the suspension (10) to be controlled by varying the magnitude of the applied electric field.
摘要翻译：在由诸如二氧化硅的硬质材料制成的衬底（20）的表面（26）中形成有窄平行脊（24）的光栅（22）。金属（40）以与栅格的表面（26）成大约45°的角度垂直于脊（24）沉积到光栅（22）上，使得金属（40）沉积到顶部（24a）上，和每个脊（24）的一个侧面（24b）中的一个，以在其上形成大致L形的金属条（12'）。沿着脊（24）以周期性间隔切割金属条（12'）以产生不等距金属针（12）。将衬底（20）浸入介电流体（14）中，并施加超声能量以使针（12）从衬底（20）释放到流体（14）中的悬浮液中。针（12）的L形使得它们抗弯曲。悬浮液（10）具有与液晶类似的双折射性质，但可以以更高的速度进行电气切换。悬架（10）的折射率根据针（12）的对准而变化，由此能够通过改变所施加的针（12）的大小来控制通过悬架（10）传播的电磁波的方向和相位电场。

9. 发明授权

US5179993A Method of fabricating anisometric metal needles and birefringent suspension thereof in dielectric fluid 失效
标题翻译：在电介质流体中制备异相金属针和双向悬挂的方法
公开(公告)号：US5179993A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-19
申请号：US674987
申请日：1991-03-26
申请人： Chan S. Bak , Leroy J. Miller , Camille I. Van Ast
发明人： Chan S. Bak , Leroy J. Miller , Camille I. Van Ast
IPC分类号： G02F1/19 , C23C14/00 , C23C14/04 , C23C14/22 , G02F1/17
CPC分类号： C23C14/225 , C23C14/0005 , C23C14/04 , G02F1/172 , Y10T428/12014 , Y10T428/12021 , Y10T428/12424 , Y10T428/12431 , Y10T428/12438 , Y10T428/12458 , Y10T428/12465 , Y10T428/12493
摘要： A grating (22) of narrow parallel ridges (24) is formed in the surface (26) of a substrate (20) made of a hard material such as silicon dioxide. Metal (40) is deposited onto the grating (22) perpendicular to the ridges (24) at an angle of approximately 45.degree. to the surface (26) of the grating such that the metal (40) is deposited onto the top (24a) and one of the sides (24b) of the each of the ridges (24) to form generally L-shaped metal strips (12') thereon. The metal strips (12') are cut at periodic intervals along the ridges (24) to produce anisometric metal needles (12). The substrate (20) is immersed in a dielectric fluid (14), and ultrasonic energy is applied to cause the needles (12) to release from the substrate (20) into suspension in the fluid (14). The L-shape of the needles (12) makes them resistant to bending. The suspension ( 10) has birefringent properties similar to liquid crystals, but may be electrically switched at much higher speed. The index of refraction of the suspension (10) varies in accordance with the alignment of the needles (12), thereby enabling the direction and phase of an electromagnetic wave propagating through the suspension (10) to be controlled by varying the magnitude of the applied electric field.

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