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1. 发明授权

US5969233A Carbon current collecting shoe with damage detector for operation with a high current electrical power supply 失效
标题翻译：具有损坏检测器的碳电流收集器，用于大电流电源供电
公开(公告)号：US5969233A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-19
申请号：US55758
申请日：1998-04-07
申请人： Bernd Basche , Frederic Guyot
发明人： Bernd Basche , Frederic Guyot
IPC分类号： B60L5/08 , B60L5/20 , G01M3/26
CPC分类号： B60L5/205 , B60L2200/26
摘要： A current collecting shoe for transferring energy from a catenary wire to rolling stock, includes a sheath constructed and arranged for fixing to a pantograph carried by the rolling stock, a wearing strip including graphite mounted on the sheath, a longitudinal slot or boring in the wearing strip and a tubular section disposed within the boring or at least partially within the slot. The tubular section is thermally stable at a temperature of at least 400.degree. C., and constructed of a material having a hardness of at least 4 on the Mohs scale and an electrical conductivity greater than graphite. This tubular section acts as an electrical conductor to transfer energy from the wearing strip to the rolling stock, and is constructed and arranged for sealing with a fluid therein and connection to a fluid pressure detection means. When excessive wear or breakage of the wearing strip causes perforation or breakage of the tubular section and loss of fluid pressure therein, this breakage is detected by the detection means which separates the wearing strip from the catenary wire before damage can occur.
摘要翻译：用于将能量从悬链线传递到机车车辆的集流靴包括构造和布置用于固定到由机车车辆承载的受电弓的护套，包括安装在护套上的石墨的磨损条，穿着中的纵向槽或钻孔条带和设置在镗孔内或至少部分地在槽内的管状部分。管状部分在至少400℃的温度下是热稳定的，并且由Mohs标度的硬度至少为4的材料和大于石墨的电导率构成。该管状部分用作电导体，以将能量从耐磨条传递到轧制车辆，并且被构造和布置成与其中的流体密封并连接到流体压力检测装置。当磨损条的过度磨损或断裂导致管状部分的穿孔或破裂并且其中流体压力的损失时，通过检测装置检测到这种断裂，该检测装置在损伤发生之前将耐磨条与悬链线分离。

2. 发明授权

US5728368A Chemical heat pump reactor with improved power 失效
标题翻译：化学热泵反应堆功率提高
公开(公告)号：US5728368A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-17
申请号：US509724
申请日：1995-08-01
申请人： Pierre Bou , Michel Moreau , Philippe Prades
发明人： Pierre Bou , Michel Moreau , Philippe Prades
IPC分类号： F25B17/08 , B01D53/58 , F25B35/04 , F28D21/00
CPC分类号： F25B35/04 , B01D53/58
摘要： A reactor for a chemical heat pump including a sealed container provided with a heating and cooling system and having an inside wall, and a solid reagent having an outer surface and disposed in the container, which solid reagent reacts reversibly with a reagent gas inside the container, the solid reagent having dimensions such that a space is defined between the outer surface of the solid reagent and the inside wall of the container. A fluid contact material occupies at least part of the space, the fluid contact material being a good conductor of heat and chemically inert relative to the solid reagent.
摘要翻译：一种用于化学热泵的反应器，其包括设置有加热和冷却系统并具有内壁的密封容器和具有外表面并设置在容器中的固体试剂，该固体试剂与容器内的试剂气体可逆地反应固体试剂具有在固体试剂的外表面和容器的内壁之间限定空间的尺寸。流体接触材料占据空间的至少一部分，流体接触材料是相对于固体试剂的良好的热导体和化学惰性的良导体。

3. 发明授权

US5365136A Brush for an electric motor having low sensitivity to vibrations 失效
标题翻译：对振动敏感性低的电动机刷
公开(公告)号：US5365136A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-15
申请号：US55375
申请日：1993-05-03
申请人： Jean-Bernard Deboves
发明人： Jean-Bernard Deboves
IPC分类号： H01R39/20 , H01R39/36 , H01R43/12 , H02K13/00 , H02K23/00
CPC分类号： H01R39/36 , H01R39/20 , H01R43/12
摘要： Brush for electric motors obtained by compression of an electrically conductive powder containing one end of an electrical conductor so as simultaneously to allow the formation of the brush and the mechanical fixing of said electrical conductor, and characterized in that the density of at least a portion of the compressed powder in contact with the end of the immersed electrical conductor is higher than the mean density of the compressed powder so as to improve the strength of said mechanical fixing when said brush is subjected to vibrations.
摘要翻译：通过压缩包含电导体的一端的导电粉末而获得的电动机的刷子，以同时允许形成电刷和所述电导体的机械固定，其特征在于，至少部分的密度与浸没的电导体的端部接触的压缩粉末高于压缩粉末的平均密度，以便当所述刷子受到振动时提高所述机械固定的强度。

4. 发明授权

US4852645A Thermal transfer layer 失效
标题翻译：热转印层
公开(公告)号：US4852645A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-01
申请号：US163115
申请日：1988-02-12
申请人： Michel Coulon , Robert Faron , Daniel Besson
发明人： Michel Coulon , Robert Faron , Daniel Besson
IPC分类号： G21B1/05 , C09K3/10 , C09K5/00 , F16J15/10 , F27D1/12 , F28F13/00 , G21B1/00 , G21C3/38 , G21C5/12 , G21C15/08
CPC分类号： F28F13/00 , F28F2013/006 , F28F2265/26 , Y10S165/905 , Y10T29/49377 , Y10T428/30
摘要： The invention concerns a thermal transfer layer with high transfer coefficient between two materials which can have different expansion coefficients. The thermal transfer layer comprises expanded graphite inserted between the materials which are selected from among carbonaceous materials, ceramics and metals or metal alloys. The expanded graphite is either inserted in the form of a rolled or compressed sheet, or is compressed in situ. The invention also concerns a device for the cooling of a structure subjected to intense, continuous, intermittent or pulsating heat flux, by means of fluid circulation tubes placed in the passages in the structure. A flexible material which is a good heat conductor in a compressed state, such as expanded graphite, is placed between the structure to be cooled and each tube.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / FR87 / 00220 Sec。 371日期1988年2月12日 102（e）日期1988年2月12日PCT Filted 1987年6月15日PCT公布。出版物WO87 / 07695 日期为1987年12月17日。本发明涉及一种在两种材料之间具有高传递系数的热转印层，其可具有不同的膨胀系数。热转印层包括插入在碳质材料，陶瓷和金属或金属合金中的材料之间的膨胀石墨。膨胀石墨或者以轧制或压缩的片材的形式插入，或者原位压缩。本发明还涉及通过放置在结构中的通道中的流体循环管来冷却受到强烈，连续，间歇或脉动的热通量的结构的装置。在被冷却的结构和每个管之间放置作为处于压缩状态的良好导热体的柔性材料，例如膨胀石墨。

5. 发明授权

US4177152A Method of extinguishing metal fires 失效
标题翻译：熄灭金属火灾的方法
公开(公告)号：US4177152A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-04
申请号：US852238
申请日：1977-11-17
申请人： Jean P. Sarrut
发明人： Jean P. Sarrut
IPC分类号： G21C9/00 , A62C3/06 , A62C99/00 , A62D1/00 , C09K3/28 , G21C9/04
CPC分类号： A62C99/0045 , A62C3/06 , A62D1/0014
摘要： In a method of extinguishing metal fires, use is made of exfoliated graphite for isolating the relative burning metallic surface from the ambient atmosphere. Said exfoliated graphite may be obtained in situ starting from graphite complexes able to be exfoliated at the fire temperature range.
摘要翻译：在灭火金属火焰的方法中，使用用于将相对燃烧的金属表面与周围大气隔离的剥离石墨。所述剥离的石墨可以从能够在火焰温度范围内剥离的石墨复合物原位获得。

6. 发明授权

US5861207A Active composite with foliated structure and its use as reaction medium 失效
标题翻译：活性复合材料具有叶片结构及其用作反应介质
公开(公告)号：US5861207A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-19
申请号：US621191
申请日：1996-03-21
申请人： Pierre Bou , Michel Moreau , Philippe Prades
发明人： Pierre Bou , Michel Moreau , Philippe Prades
IPC分类号： B01J20/20 , B01J21/18 , B01J35/02 , C04B35/536 , C09K5/04 , C09K5/16 , F25B17/08 , F28D20/00 , B44F1/10 , B32B3/26 , B32B9/00 , B32B15/08
CPC分类号： C04B35/536 , B01J20/20 , B01J21/18 , B01J35/02 , C09K5/047 , C09K5/16 , F25B17/08 , F28D20/003 , Y02E60/142 , Y10T428/249967 , Y10T428/30
摘要： Active composite consisting of a compressed support and of at least one agent which is active towards a gas, the compressed support including recompressed expanded graphite which has a density of between 0.02 and 1.5. According to the invention the active composite is made up of a series of sheets superposed one above the other, the active agent being dispersed in the flakes.
摘要翻译：由压缩载体和至少一种对气体有活性的试剂组成的活性复合物，压缩载体包括密度为0.02-1.5的压缩膨胀石墨。根据本发明，活性复合材料由一系列彼此叠加的片材组成，活性剂分散在片状物中。

7. 发明授权

US5701046A Process for the production of multi-layered brushes and brushes obtained by the process 失效
标题翻译：用于生产通过该方法获得的多层刷子和刷子的方法
公开(公告)号：US5701046A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-23
申请号：US291562
申请日：1994-08-16
申请人： Eric Kammerer , Lothar Biering , Erhard Grohs , Klaus Groht , Conrad Reynvaan , Horst Siegmund , Jorgen Spangenberg , Arwed Uecker
发明人： Eric Kammerer , Lothar Biering , Erhard Grohs , Klaus Groht , Conrad Reynvaan , Horst Siegmund , Jorgen Spangenberg , Arwed Uecker
IPC分类号： H01R39/20 , H01R39/24 , H01R43/12 , H02K13/00
CPC分类号： H01R43/12 , H01R39/24 , H01R39/20 , Y10T29/49119
摘要： The process comprising the charging into a mould (3) of at least one electrically conductive powder (4), the compression by means of a piston (5) of the contents of the mould to form a crude brush (7), the heat treatment of said crude brush (7) as well as the fixing of the ends of the electrical conductors (2), characterised in that the charging involves at least the simultaneous introduction of at least two conductive powders (4B, 4A and/or 4C . . . ) for obtaining a brush formed by integral blocks (1B, 1A and/or 1C . . . ), the junction (1AB and/or 1BC . . . ) between said blocks being orientated at least in part in the compression direction (13).
摘要翻译：该方法包括将至少一种导电粉末（4）的模具（3）装入，通过模具内容物的活塞（5）进行压缩以形成粗刷（7），热处理的所述粗刷（7）以及所述电导体（2）的端部的固定，其特征在于，所述充电至少包括至少两个导电粉末（4B，4A和/或4C。）用于获得由整体块（1B，1A和/或1C ...）形成的刷子，所述块之间的结（1AB和/或1BC ...）至少部分地被定向在压缩方向（13 ）。

8. 发明授权

US5643663A Carbon-carbon composite friction material with divided porosity 失效
标题翻译：碳 - 碳复合摩擦材料具有分裂孔隙率
公开(公告)号：US5643663A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-01
申请号：US502943
申请日：1995-07-17
申请人： Christophe Bommier , Jean-Louis Chareire
发明人： Christophe Bommier , Jean-Louis Chareire
IPC分类号： C04B35/80 , C04B35/83 , C04B38/00 , F16D69/02 , B32B5/72
CPC分类号： F16D69/023 , C04B35/83 , C04B38/00 , Y10T428/249953 , Y10T428/249962 , Y10T428/249964 , Y10T428/249981 , Y10T428/249986
摘要： A carbon-carbon composite material formed from a fibrous substrate and a matrix. The fibrous substrate has a carbon fiber base which acts as a reinforcement, a coarse texture and large sized cavities. The matrix includes pyrocarbon layers coating the fibrous substrate and a carbon based cellular structure dividing the large sized cavities of the substrate into small cavities having open porosity.
摘要翻译：由纤维基材和基体形成的碳 - 碳复合材料。纤维基材具有碳纤维基体，其作为增强物，粗糙的质地和大尺寸的空腔。基质包括涂覆纤维基材的热解碳层和将基材的大尺寸空腔分成具有开放孔隙度的小空腔的碳基细胞结构。

9. 发明授权

US5609815A Process for fast manufacturing of carbonaceous products 失效
标题翻译：快速制造碳质产品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5609815A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-11
申请号：US436641
申请日：1995-05-08
申请人： Jean-Michel Bauer
发明人： Jean-Michel Bauer
IPC分类号： C04B35/52 , C04B35/638 , C04B41/87 , F27B17/00 , F27D19/00 , B29C35/12
CPC分类号： C04B35/52 , F27B17/0016 , F27D19/00
摘要： A process for manufacturing carbonaceous parts including the steps of shaping a mixture of carbonaceous powder and bonding agent to form raw parts, cooling the raw parts to ambient temperature at a known rate and firing the cooled parts in a furnace from ambient temperature to a final firing temperature to release volatile particles to produce fired parts devoid of volatile products. This process is improved by placing the raw parts in an electric furnace in the absence of heating filler, heating the raw parts in the furnace to an intermediate temperature of about 200.degree. C. at a fixed initial heating rate such that the loss of volatile products is less than 10% by weight of the total amount of volatile products contained in the raw parts and being a function of the cooling rate such that the internal strain from the shaping and cooling step is freed. The raw parts are then heated from the intermediate temperature to the final firing temperature, both heating steps taking place under a flow of non-oxidizing gas in the electric furnace to reduce the partial pressure of the volatile products near the surface of the parts, the gas flow compensating for loss of the volatile products.
摘要翻译：一种制造碳质部件的方法，包括以下步骤：将碳质粉末和粘合剂的混合物成形以形成原料部分，以已知的速率将原料部分冷却至环境温度，并将炉中的冷却部件从环境温度焙烧至最终焙烧温度释放挥发性颗粒以产生没有挥发性产物的烧制部件。通过在没有加热填料的情况下将原始部件放置在电炉中，以固定的初始加热速率将炉子中的原始部分加热至约200℃的中间温度，使得挥发性产物的损失小于原料中含有的挥发性物质的总量的10重量％，并且是冷却速度的函数，使得来自成形和冷却步骤的内部应变得以释放。然后将原始部分从中间温度加热到最终焙烧温度，两个加热步骤在电炉内在非氧化性气体流下发生，以减少部件表面附近的挥发性产物的分压，气体流量补偿挥发性物质的损失。

10. 发明授权

US5605772A Composite carbon/polymer electrode for a rechargeable electrochemical lithium cell 失效
标题翻译：用于可充电电化学锂电池的复合碳/聚合物电极
公开(公告)号：US5605772A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-25
申请号：US525006
申请日：1995-09-08
申请人： Rachid Yazami , Marc Deschamps , Michel Moreau
发明人： Rachid Yazami , Marc Deschamps , Michel Moreau
IPC分类号： H01M4/02 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/58 , H01M4/60 , H01M4/36 , H01M10/40
CPC分类号： H01M10/052 , H01M10/0565 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/0404 , H01M4/043 , H01M4/049 , H01M4/133 , H01M4/587
摘要： A composite carbon/polymer electrode for a rechargeable electrochemical lithium cell comprises a powder of carbonaceous material and a coating polymer rendered ionically conductive by the addition of a lithium salt, and possibly carbon black or carbon fibers. The carbonaceous material has a proportion of volatile matter between 5 and 22 wt %, and is preferably a raw coke or a semi-coke.
摘要翻译：用于可充电电化学锂电池的复合碳/聚合物电极包括碳质材料的粉末和通过添加锂盐，以及可能的炭黑或碳纤维离子导电的涂层聚合物。碳质材料的挥发物的比例为5〜22重量％，优选为原焦炭或半焦炭。

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