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41. 发明授权

US06470036B1 Tunable external cavity semiconductor laser incorporating a tunable bragg grating 有权
标题翻译：结合可调谐布拉格光栅的可调谐外腔半导体激光器
公开(公告)号：US06470036B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-22
申请号：US09705326
申请日：2000-11-03
申请人： Timothy J. Bailey , Robert N. Brucato , Michael A. Davis , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Paul E. Sanders , James S. Sirkis
发明人： Timothy J. Bailey , Robert N. Brucato , Michael A. Davis , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Paul E. Sanders , James S. Sirkis
IPC分类号： H01S310
CPC分类号： H01S5/141 , H01S3/1053 , H01S3/1055 , H01S5/02248
摘要： A tunable external cavity semiconductor laser incorporating a tunable Bragg grating, including: a semiconductor gain medium; an elongated tuner housing having a tuner housing head and having a tuner housing foot, the tuner housing head and tuner housing foot being rigidly connected; a span of waveguide having a Bragg grating, for receiving the source light and for providing in turn the reflected light, and having a waveguide head and a waveguide foot, the waveguide head abutting the tuner housing head and the waveguide foot disposed toward the tuner housing foot; a piezoelectric crystal or other device or arrangement for providing a compressive force, disposed so as to abut the waveguide foot and also to abut the tuner housing foot, the means for applying a compressive force for exerting a compressive force on the span of waveguide along the direction of the axis of the span of waveguide, the compressive force being sufficient to alter the grating so as to affect the wavelength of light reflected by the grating. In some applications, the waveguide includes sections of different thicknesses, each having a sampled grating, the two sampled gratings being created so that at any given compressive force exerted by the piezoelectric crystal, the two gratings reflect at most one wavelength in common. The tunable laser in such an application therefore behaves as a stepped tunable laser.
摘要翻译：一种包含可调谐布拉格光栅的可调谐外腔半导体激光器，包括：半导体增益介质; 具有调谐器壳体头部并且具有调谐器壳体脚的细长调谐器壳体，调谐器壳体头部和调谐器壳体脚刚性连接; 具有布拉格光栅的波导的跨距，用于接收源光并反过来提供反射光，并具有波导头和波导脚，波导头邻近调谐器壳体头部和朝向调谐器壳体设置的波导脚脚丫子; 用于提供压缩力的压电晶体或其它装置或装置，其设置成邻接波导脚并且还抵靠调谐器壳体脚，用于施加压缩力以在波导跨度上施加压缩力的装置沿着波导跨距的方向，压缩力足以改变光栅，以便影响由光栅反射的光的波长。在一些应用中，波导包括不同厚度的部分，每个具有采样的光栅，两个采样的光栅被创建，使得在由压电晶体施加的任何给定的压缩力下，两个光栅共同反射至多一个波长。因此，在这种应用中的可调谐激光器作为阶梯式可调谐激光器。

42. 发明授权

US06310990B1 Tunable optical structure featuring feedback control 有权
标题翻译：具有反馈控制的可调光学结构
公开(公告)号：US06310990B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-30
申请号：US09519802
申请日：2000-03-06
申请人： Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Michael A. Davis , David G. Bellemore , Walter A. Helm
发明人： Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Michael A. Davis , David G. Bellemore , Walter A. Helm
IPC分类号： G02B600
CPC分类号： G02B6/022 , G01D5/35316 , G01D5/35377 , G01L1/246 , G02F1/011
摘要： A tunable optical device has a compression tuned optical structure and a displacement sensor. The compression tuned optical structure responds to an optical signal, and further responds to a displacement sensor signal, for providing a compression tuned optical structure signal containing information about a change in an optical characteristic of the compression tuned optical structure, and for also further providing an excitation caused by a change in a displacement of the compression tuned optical structure. The displacement sensor responds to the excitation, for providing a displacement sensor signal containing information about the change in the displacement of the compression tuned optical structure. The compression tuned optical structure may be in the form of a dogbone structure that is an all-glass compression unit having wider end portions separated by a narrower intermediate portion. The displacement sensor includes a capacitance sensor affixed to the compression tuned optical structure for measuring a change in capacitance between two parallel and opposing plates that depends on a change in a gap or an area with respect to the two parallel and opposing plates.
摘要翻译：可调谐光学器件具有压缩调谐光学结构和位移传感器。压缩调谐光学结构响应光信号，并进一步响应位移传感器信号，用于提供包含关于压缩调谐光学结构的光学特性的变化的信息的压缩调谐光学结构信号，并且还进一步提供由压缩调谐光学结构的位移的变化引起的激励。位移传感器响应于激励，用于提供包含关于压缩调谐光学结构的位移变化的信息的位移传感器信号。压缩调谐光学结构可以是狗骨架结构的形式，其是具有由较窄中间部分分开的较宽端部的全玻璃压缩单元。位移传感器包括固定到压缩调谐光学结构上的电容传感器，用于测量取决于相对于两个平行和相对的板的间隙或面积的变化的两个平行板和相对板之间的电容变化。

43. 发明授权

US06298184B1 Method and apparatus for forming a tube-encased bragg grating 有权
标题翻译：用于形成管状布拉格光栅的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06298184B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-02
申请号：US09205845
申请日：1998-12-04
申请人： Martin A. Putnam , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , Mark R. Fernald , Michael A. Davis , Christopher J. Wright
发明人： Martin A. Putnam , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , Mark R. Fernald , Michael A. Davis , Christopher J. Wright
IPC分类号： G02B634
CPC分类号： G02B6/02133 , G02B2006/02161
摘要： A method and apparatus for forming a tube-encased fiber grating includes an optical fiber 28 which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 120 and a substantially transparent index-matching medium 122, such as an optically flat window, having an optically flat surface 126 adjacent to the tube 120. A substantially transparent index-matching intermediate material (e.g., UV transparent oil) 124 is used between the window 22 and the tube 120 to substantially eliminate the interface between the tube 120 and the medium 122. A pair of writing beams 26,34 are incident on and pass through the medium 122, the tube 120 and intersect and interfere in a region 30 on the fiber 28. Also, the width Wb of the writing beams 26,34 may be set to be less than the width Woil of the intermediate material 124 to eliminate surface damage (ablations) of the tube 120. Attentively, the medium 122 may have a geometry to eliminate surface ablations (e.g., a collar shape) and/or to match the shape of the tube 120. More than one grating or pair of gratings may be written in the tube-encased fiber or one or more gratings may be formed in multiple fibers 28,250 encased in the tube 120. Further, high intensity writing beams 26,34 on the fiber 28 may be achieved by having the medium 122 have a predetermined thickness T.
摘要翻译：用于形成管封装光纤光栅的方法和装置包括：光纤28，其被包裹在玻璃毛细管120和基本上透明的折射率匹配介质122的至少一部分内并且熔合到光纤平面窗口具有与管120相邻的光学平坦表面126.在窗口22和管120之间使用基本上透明的折射率匹配中间材料（例如，UV透明油）124，以基本上消除管120和管120之间的界面介质122.一对写入光束26,34入射并穿过介质122，管120并且交叉并干涉光纤28上的区域30.而且，写入光束26,34的宽度Wb可以被设定为小于中间材料124的宽度Wo，以消除管120的表面损伤（消融）。注意地，介质122可以具有几何形状以消除表面消融（例如，套环形状）和/或t o匹配管120的形状。可以将多于一个的光栅或一对光栅写入管封装的光纤中，或者一个或多个光栅可以形成在封装在管120中的多个光纤28,250中。此外，高强度写入光束 26,34可以通过使介质122具有预定厚度T来实现。

44. 发明授权

US06233373B1 Optical spectrometer with improved geometry and data processing for monitoring fiber optic bragg gratings 失效
标题翻译：具有改进的几何形状和数据处理用于监测光纤布拉格光栅的光谱仪
公开(公告)号：US06233373B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-15
申请号：US09337159
申请日：1999-06-21
申请人： Charles G. Askins , Martin A. Putnam
发明人： Charles G. Askins , Martin A. Putnam
IPC分类号： G02B602
CPC分类号： G01J3/02 , G01J3/021 , G01J3/18 , G01J3/1895 , G01J3/2803 , G02B6/2932
摘要： An aspect of the present invention is an optical spectrometer for detecting a spectral signature of a input optical signal, including: (a) a collimating lens having an optical axis and focal plane, for collimating the input optical signal; (b) an input optical system, for directing the input optical signal to the collimating lens; (c) a diffraction grating, for scattering the collimated input optical signal, positioned in the path of collimated light from the collimating lens, oriented to reflect a majority of the scattered light through the collimating lens; and (d) a detector, in a focal plane of the collimating lens. Another aspect of the invention is a fiber-based sensing system using the optical spectrometer of the invention. Such a system will include (a) an optical fiber having an array of fiber Bragg gratings, where each of the gratings is reflective at a selected wavelength; (b) a light source, for radiating light at each of the selected wavelengths, optically coupled to the optical fiber; and (c) the optical spectrometer of the invention, optically coupled to the optical fiber, for detecting a spectral signature of reflected light from the fiber Bragg gratings. Typically, the spectrometer output will be fed to a data capturing system, and subsequently to a data analysis system, which may combined in a single computer system for control, data capture.
摘要翻译：本发明的一个方面是用于检测输入光信号的光谱特征的光谱仪，包括：（a）具有光轴和焦平面的准直透镜，用于准直输入光信号; （b）用于将输入光信号引导到准直透镜的输入光学系统; （c）衍射光栅，用于散射位于来自准直透镜的准直光的路径中的准直输入光信号，其被定向成反射大部分散射光通过准直透镜; 和（d）在准直透镜的焦平面中的检测器。本发明的另一方面是使用本发明的光谱仪的基于光纤的感测系统。这样的系统将包括（a）具有光纤布拉格光栅阵列的光纤，其中每个光栅以选定的波长反射; （b）光源，用于在每个所选择的波长处照射光，光耦合到光纤; 和（c）光学耦合到光纤的本发明的光谱仪，用于检测来自光纤布拉格光栅的反射光的光谱特征。通常，光谱仪输出将被馈送到数据捕获系统，然后被馈送到数据分析系统，其可以组合在单个计算机系统中用于控制，数据捕获。

45. 发明授权

US6122305A Broadband mode-locked fiber laser, particularly for fiber Bragg grating interrogation 失效
标题翻译：宽带锁模光纤激光器，特别适用于光纤布拉格光栅询问
公开(公告)号：US6122305A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-19
申请号：US024516
申请日：1998-02-17
申请人： Martin A. Putnam , Michael L. Dennis , Irl N. Duling, III , E. Joseph Friebele , Jin U. Kang
发明人： Martin A. Putnam , Michael L. Dennis , Irl N. Duling, III , E. Joseph Friebele , Jin U. Kang
IPC分类号： G01D5/353 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/083 , H01S3/098 , G02B6/34
CPC分类号： H01S3/06791 , G01D5/35383 , H01S3/06712 , H01S3/1112
摘要： In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a ring laser configuration having a polarizer, and whose cavity loop has substantially no net dispersion, permitting mode locked pulsing of high intensity and large bandwidth. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a system using this laser to interrogate a plurality of arrays of Bragg gratings by use of both time and wavelength division multiplexing, increasing the total number of interrogatable gratings. In accordance with a third aspect of the invention, a system for interrogating one or more fiber Bragg gratings separated from the optical source by a dispersive optical fiber. As such a grating distends responsive to some measurand, its reflection frequency changes, and the traversal time of the reflection over the dispersive fiber changes, permitting inference of the measurand.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的一个方面，具有偏振器并且其空腔环基本上没有净色散的环形激光器配置允许高强度和大带宽的锁模脉冲。根据本发明的另一方面，使用该激光器的系统通过使用时间和波分复用来询问多个布拉格光栅阵列，增加了可询问光栅的总数。根据本发明的第三方面，一种用于询问通过分散光纤从光源分离的一个或多个光纤布拉格光栅的系统。由于这样的光栅响应于一些被测量而扩散，其反射频率发生变化，并且在分散光纤上的反射的遍历时间改变，允许推测被测量。

46. 发明授权

US09477042B2 Large diameter optical waveguide splice 有权
标题翻译：大直径光波导接头
公开(公告)号：US09477042B2
公开(公告)日：2016-10-25
申请号：US13311786
申请日：2011-12-06
申请人： Mark R. Fernald , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Rebecca S. Bryant , Christopher J. Wright , Michael Arcand , Christopher T. Chipman
发明人： Mark R. Fernald , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Rebecca S. Bryant , Christopher J. Wright , Michael Arcand , Christopher T. Chipman
IPC分类号： G02B6/26 , G02B6/255
CPC分类号： G02B6/2551
摘要： Techniques and systems suitable for performing low-loss fusion splicing of optical waveguide sections are provided. According to some embodiments, multiple laser beams (from one or more laser) may be utilized to uniformly heat a splice region including portions of the optical waveguide sections to be spliced, which may have different cross-sectional dimensions. According to some embodiments, the relative distance of the optical waveguide sections and/or the power of the multiple laser beams may be varied during splicing operations.
摘要翻译：提供了适合于执行光波导部分的低损耗熔接的技术和系统。根据一些实施例，可以使用多个激光束（来自一个或多个激光器）来均匀地加热包括可以具有不同横截面尺寸的要拼接的光波导部分的部分的接合区域。根据一些实施例，可以在拼接操作期间改变光波导部分的相对距离和/或多个激光束的功率。

47. 发明授权

US09229001B2 Method and apparatus for performing assays 有权
标题翻译：用于进行测定的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US09229001B2
公开(公告)日：2016-01-05
申请号：US13511593
申请日：2010-11-23
申请人： Martin A. Putnam , Alan D. Kersey
发明人： Martin A. Putnam , Alan D. Kersey
IPC分类号： G01N33/543 , B01L3/00 , G01N35/10
CPC分类号： G01N33/54366 , B01L3/502715 , B01L3/502784 , B01L3/527 , B01L2200/10 , B01L2300/0636 , B01L2400/0633 , G01N35/1097
摘要： An apparatus is provided for performing an chemical, biochemical, or biological assay on a sample comprising: a microfluidic assay cartridge (1) that contains at least one sample inlet well (2) configured to receive a sample; and a microfluidic sub-unit (3) associated with the microfluidic assay cartridge (1) and comprising microfluidic channels (8), micro-valves (4, 4a, 9) and at least one separate and fluidicly-isolated isolation channel (5), and at least one hollow element (14); the at least one hollow element (14) being functionalized with a capture moiety or molecules (15) so as to form at least one reaction vessel (19); the microfluidic channels (8) and micro-valves (4, 4a, 9) configured to respond to signaling containing information about performing the assay and to controllably receive the sample and at least one reagent in the at least one reaction vessel (19), and to provide from the at least one reaction vessel (19) light containing information about the assay performed on the sample inside the at least one reaction vessel (19) as a result of said at least one reagent.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于对样品进行化学，生化或生物测定的装置，包括：微流体测定盒（1），其包含至少一个被配置为接收样品的样品入口孔（2）和与微流体测定盒（1）相关联并且包括微流体通道（8），微阀（4,4a，9）和至少一个单独和流体隔离的隔离通道（5）的微流体子单元（3），和至少一个中空元件（14）; 所述至少一个中空元件（14）被捕获部分或分子（15）功能化，以形成至少一个反应容器（19）; 微流体通道（8）和微阀（4,4a，9）被配置为对包含关于进行测定的信息的信号进行响应并且可控制地接收样品和至少一个反应容器（19）中的至少一个试剂，并且从所述至少一个反应容器（19）提供含有关于由所述至少一种试剂的结果对所述至少一个反应容器（19）内的样品进行的测定的信息的光。

48. 发明授权

US09216412B2 Microfluidic devices and methods of manufacture and use 有权
标题翻译：微流控器件及其制造和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US09216412B2
公开(公告)日：2015-12-22
申请号：US13427857
申请日：2012-03-22
申请人： Martin A. Putnam , Jeffrey T. Branciforte , Charles O. Stanwood
发明人： Martin A. Putnam , Jeffrey T. Branciforte , Charles O. Stanwood
IPC分类号： C12M1/34 , B01L3/00 , G01N21/05 , G01N21/64 , G01N33/543 , B32B37/14 , B32B37/18 , B32B38/00 , G01N21/03
CPC分类号： B01L3/502707 , B01L3/502715 , B01L3/502738 , B01L3/502761 , B01L2200/0689 , B01L2200/12 , B01L2200/16 , B01L2300/0858 , B01L2300/087 , B01L2300/0887 , B01L2300/12 , B01L2300/123 , B01L2300/16 , B01L2300/168 , B01L2400/0481 , B01L2400/06 , B01L2400/0633 , B01L2400/0638 , B01L2400/086 , B32B37/142 , B32B37/18 , B32B38/0008 , B32B2535/00 , G01N21/05 , G01N21/645 , G01N33/54366 , G01N33/54386 , G01N2021/0346 , G01N2021/058 , Y10T29/494
摘要： Series of bio-detection elements, shown as short hollow transparent reaction vessels (32), batch-surface-coated with capture-agent, are placed in channel of larger width (a3; c8; 15; 28; 44), and fixed by flexible or elastomeric over-lying sheet (a1; c7; 13; 38). Portions of sheet form pneumatically-activated pistons (22; 36) and valves (23-27; 54) to produce and control channel flow. Overlying sheet is of reflectively-coated Mylar (b4) or PDMS, bonded with channel-defining structure. PDMS sheet is surface-activated for molecular-bond with PDMS channel-defining structure, molecular-bond with PDMS-valve-seat-forming portions (34) defeated by repeated make-and-break contact during cure. Pick-and-place of detection elements in channel employs electrostatic attraction to seize elements, enabling tool removal. Rigidly-backed parts are brought together to channel-fix detection elements. Active capture-agent on batch-coated bio-elements defeated by shear-force removal or laser-scanning deactivation, so, e.g. inside surface only of hollow elements carries capture-agent. Sample may flow through hollow elements and by-pass outside without assay disturbance.
摘要翻译：一系列生物检测元件，如短空心透明反应容器（32），分批表面涂覆有捕获剂，放置在较大宽度（a3; c8; 15; 28; 44）的通道中，并固定在柔性或弹性体的平躺片（a1; c7; 13; 38）。片状气动激活活塞（22; 36）和阀（23-27; 54）的部分，以产生和控制通道流动。覆盖片是反射涂覆的聚酯薄膜（b4）或PDMS，与通道定义结构结合。 PDMS片材通过PDMS通道限定结构进行表面活化，分子键与PDMS-阀座形成部分（34）在固化过程中通过重复的断开接触而击败。通道中的检测元件的拾取位置采用静电吸引来捕获元件，从而能够去除刀具。刚性支撑的部件被集合在一起，用于固定检测元件。通过剪切力去除或激光扫描失活而使分批涂覆的生物元件活化的捕获剂，例如，内表面只有中空元素携带捕获剂。样品可能会流经中空元件，并在外界无旁路测试干扰。

49. 发明申请

US20150202624A9 Microfluidic Devices and Methods of Manufacture and Use 有权
标题翻译：微流控器件及其制造和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US20150202624A9
公开(公告)日：2015-07-23
申请号：US13427857
申请日：2012-03-22
申请人： Martin A. Putnam , Jeffrey T. Branciforte , Charles O. Stanwood
发明人： Martin A. Putnam , Jeffrey T. Branciforte , Charles O. Stanwood
IPC分类号： G01N33/53 , B32B37/14 , B32B38/00 , B32B37/18 , B23P17/04 , C12M1/40
CPC分类号： B01L3/502707 , B01L3/502715 , B01L3/502738 , B01L3/502761 , B01L2200/0689 , B01L2200/12 , B01L2200/16 , B01L2300/0858 , B01L2300/087 , B01L2300/0887 , B01L2300/12 , B01L2300/123 , B01L2300/16 , B01L2300/168 , B01L2400/0481 , B01L2400/06 , B01L2400/0633 , B01L2400/0638 , B01L2400/086 , B32B37/142 , B32B37/18 , B32B38/0008 , B32B2535/00 , G01N21/05 , G01N21/645 , G01N33/54366 , G01N33/54386 , G01N2021/0346 , G01N2021/058 , Y10T29/494
摘要： Series of bio-detection elements, shown as short hollow transparent reaction vessels (32), batch-surface-coated with capture-agent, are placed in channel of larger width (a3; c8; 15; 28; 44), and fixed by flexible or elastomeric over-lying sheet (a1; c7; 13; 38). Portions of sheet form pneumatically-activated pistons (22; 36) and valves (23-27; 54) to produce and control channel flow. Overlying sheet is of reflectively-coated Mylar (b4) or PDMS, bonded with channel-defining structure. PDMS sheet is surface-activated for molecular-bond with PDMS channel-defining structure, molecular-bond with PDMS-valve-seat-forming portions (34) defeated by repeated make-and-break contact during cure. Pick-and-place of detection elements in channel employs electrostatic attraction to seize elements, enabling tool removal. Rigidly-backed parts are brought together to channel-fix detection elements. Active capture-agent on batch-coated bio-elements defeated by shear-force removal or laser-scanning deactivation, so, e.g. inside surface only of hollow elements carries capture-agent. Sample may flow through hollow elements and by-pass outside without assay disturbance.
摘要翻译：一系列生物检测元件，如短空心透明反应容器（32），分批表面涂覆有捕获剂，放置在较大宽度（a3; c8; 15; 28; 44）的通道中，并固定在柔性或弹性体的平躺片（a1; c7; 13; 38）。片状气动激活活塞（22; 36）和阀（23-27; 54）的部分，以产生和控制通道流动。覆盖片是反射涂覆的聚酯薄膜（b4）或PDMS，与通道定义结构结合。 PDMS片材通过PDMS通道限定结构进行表面活化，分子键与PDMS-阀座形成部分（34）在固化过程中通过重复的断开接触而击败。通道中的检测元件的拾取位置采用静电吸引来捕获元件，从而能够去除刀具。刚性支撑的部件被集合在一起，用于固定检测元件。通过剪切力去除或激光扫描失活而使分批涂覆的生物元件活化的捕获剂，例如，内表面只有中空元素携带捕获剂。样品可能会流经中空元件，并在外界无旁路测试干扰。

50. 发明授权

US08565475B2 Optical system and method for reading encoded microbeads 有权
标题翻译：用于读取编码微珠的光学系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08565475B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-22
申请号：US13243422
申请日：2011-09-23
申请人： John A. Moon , Martin A. Putnam
发明人： John A. Moon , Martin A. Putnam
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K5/00
CPC分类号： G06K7/10821 , B01J2219/00459 , B01J2219/005 , B01J2219/00704 , B82Y20/00 , G01N15/1468 , G02B1/005 , G06E3/005 , G06K7/10722
摘要： An optical system for reading encoded microbeads. The microbeads provide output light signals onto a Fourier plane when illuminated by an incident light. The system includes an input light source that is configured to illuminate the microbeads thereby providing the output light signals. The output light signals are configured to be projected onto the Fourier plane in a readable manner. The system also includes a reading device that is positioned to detect the output light signals from the Fourier plane. The system also includes a processor that is configured to perform Fourier plane analysis of the optical light signals to determine corresponding codes of the microbeads.
摘要翻译：用于读取编码微珠的光学系统。当由入射光照射时，微珠将输出光信号提供到傅立叶平面上。该系统包括被配置为照亮微珠从而提供输出光信号的输入光源。输出光信号被配置为以可读方式投影到傅立叶平面上。该系统还包括读取装置，其被定位成检测来自傅里叶平面的输出光信号。该系统还包括处理器，其被配置为对光信号进行傅立叶平面分析以确定微珠的相应代码。

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