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1. 发明授权

US10573368B2 Memory system having combined high density, low bandwidth and low density, high bandwidth memories 有权
公开(公告)号：US10573368B2
公开(公告)日：2020-02-25
申请号：US16098916
申请日：2017-03-06
申请人： Sukalpa Biswas , Farid Nemati
发明人： Sukalpa Biswas , Farid Nemati
IPC分类号： G11C11/402 , G11C5/06 , G11C5/02 , G11C7/02 , G11C11/406 , H01L25/065 , H01L27/02
摘要： In an embodiment, a memory system may include at least two types of DRAM, which differ in at least one characteristic. For example, one DRAM type may be a high density DRAM, while another DRAM type may have lower density but may also have lower latency and higher bandwidth than the first DRAM type. DRAM of the first type may be on one or more first integrated circuits and DRAM of the second type may be on one or more second integrated circuits. In an embodiment, the first and second integrated circuits may be coupled together in a stack. The second integrated circuit may include a physical layer circuit to couple to other circuitry (e.g. an integrated circuit having a memory controller, such as a system on a chip (SOC)), and the physical layer circuit may be shared by the DRAM in the first integrated circuits.

2. 发明申请

US20140086070A1 Bandwidth Management 有权
标题翻译：带宽管理
公开(公告)号：US20140086070A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-27
申请号：US13625416
申请日：2012-09-24
申请人： Gurjeet S. Saund , James B. Keller , Manu Gulati , Sukalpa Biswas
发明人： Gurjeet S. Saund , James B. Keller , Manu Gulati , Sukalpa Biswas
IPC分类号： H04L12/26
CPC分类号： G06F13/1605 , Y02D10/14
摘要： In some embodiments, a system includes a shared, high bandwidth resource (e.g. a memory system), multiple agents configured to communicate with the shared resource, and a communication fabric coupling the multiple agents to the shared resource. The communication fabric may be equipped with limiters configured to limit bandwidth from the various agents based on one or more performance metrics measured with respect to the shared, high bandwidth resource. For example, the performance metrics may include one or more of latency, number of outstanding transactions, resource utilization, etc. The limiters may dynamically modify their limit configurations based on the performance metrics. In an embodiment, the system may include multiple thresholds for the performance metrics, and exceeding a given threshold may include modifying the limiters in the communication fabric. There may be hysteresis implemented in the system as well in some embodiments, to reduce the frequency of transitions between configurations.
摘要翻译：在一些实施例中，系统包括共享的高带宽资源（例如，存储器系统），被配置为与共享资源通信的多个代理以及将多个代理耦合到共享资源的通信结构。通信结构可以配备有限制器，其被配置为基于针对共享的高带宽资源测量的一个或多个性能度量来限制来自各种代理的带宽。例如，性能度量可以包括延迟，未决事务数量，资源利用等中的一个或多个。限制器可以基于性能度量动态修改其限制配置。在一个实施例中，系统可以包括用于性能度量的多个阈值，并且超过给定阈值可以包括修改通信结构中的限制器。在一些实施例中，也可能在系统中实现滞后，以减少配置之间的转换频率。

3. 发明申请

US20130054901A1 PROPORTIONAL MEMORY OPERATION THROTTLING 有权
标题翻译：比例存储器操作曲线
公开(公告)号：US20130054901A1
公开(公告)日：2013-02-28
申请号：US13217513
申请日：2011-08-25
申请人： Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen
发明人： Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F13/1642
摘要： A memory controller receives memory operations via an interface which may include multiple ports. Each port is coupled to real-time or non-real-time requestors, and the received memory operations are classified as real-time or non-real-time and stored in queues prior to accessing memory. Within the memory controller, pending memory operations from the queues are scheduled for servicing. Logic throttles the scheduling of non-real-time memory operations in response to detecting a number of outstanding memory operations has exceeded a threshold. The throttling is proportional to the number of outstanding memory operations.
摘要翻译：存储器控制器经由可以包括多个端口的接口来接收存储器操作。每个端口耦合到实时或非实时请求者，并且所接收的存储器操作被分类为实时或非实时的，并且在访问存储器之前存储在队列中。在内存控制器中，排队等待的内存操作计划进行维修。响应于检测到未完成的存储器操作的数量已经超过阈值，逻辑控制非实时存储器操作的调度。节流与未完成记忆操作的数量成比例。

4. 发明授权

US08301941B2 Memory controller with loopback test interface 有权
标题翻译：带环回测试接口的内存控制器
公开(公告)号：US08301941B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-30
申请号：US13305202
申请日：2011-11-28
申请人： Luka Bodrozic , Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen , Sridhar P. Subramanian , James B. Keller
发明人： Luka Bodrozic , Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen , Sridhar P. Subramanian , James B. Keller
IPC分类号： G01R31/28 , G11C29/00 , G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G01R31/31716
摘要： An apparatus may include an interconnect; at least one processor coupled to the interconnect; and at least one memory controller coupled to the interconnect. The memory controller may be programmable by the processor into a loopback test mode of operation and, in the loopback test mode, the memory controller may be configured to receive a first write operation from the processor over the interconnect. The memory controller may be configured to route write data from the first write operation through a plurality of drivers and receivers connected to a plurality of data pins that are capable of connection to one or more memory modules. The memory controller may be further configured to return the write data as read data on the interconnect for a first read operation received from the processor on the interconnect.
摘要翻译：设备可以包括互连; 耦合到所述互连的至少一个处理器; 以及耦合到所述互连的至少一个存储器控制器。存储器控制器可以由处理器编程成环回测试操作模式，并且在回送测试模式中，存储器控制器可以被配置为通过互连从处理器接收第一写入操作。存储器控制器可以被配置为将来自第一写入操作的写入数据路由到连接到能够连接到一个或多个存储器模块的多个数据引脚的多个驱动器和接收器。存储器控制器还可以被配置为在互连上将读数据作为读数据返回，用于从互连上的处理器接收到的第一读操作。

5. 发明申请

US20120072787A1 Memory Controller with Loopback Test Interface 有权
标题翻译：带环回测试接口的内存控制器
公开(公告)号：US20120072787A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-22
申请号：US13305202
申请日：2011-11-28
申请人： Luka Bodrozic , Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen , Sridhar P. Subramanian , James B. Keller
发明人： Luka Bodrozic , Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen , Sridhar P. Subramanian , James B. Keller
IPC分类号： G01R31/28 , G06F11/26
CPC分类号： G01R31/31716
摘要： In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises an interconnect; at least one processor coupled to the interconnect; and at least one memory controller coupled to the interconnect. The memory controller is programmable by the processor into a loopback test mode of operation and, in the loopback test mode, the memory controller is configured to receive a first write operation from the processor over the interconnect. The memory controller is configured to route write data from the first write operation through a plurality of drivers and receivers connected to a plurality of data pins that are capable of connection to one or more memory modules. The memory controller is further configured to return the write data as read data on the interconnect for a first read operation received from the processor on the interconnect.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，一种装置包括互连; 耦合到所述互连的至少一个处理器; 以及耦合到所述互连的至少一个存储器控制器。存储器控制器可由处理器编程为环回测试操作模式，并且在环回测试模式中，存储器控制器被配置为通过互连从处理器接收第一写入操作。存储器控制器被配置为将来自第一写入操作的写入数据路由到连接到能够连接到一个或多个存储器模块的多个数据引脚的多个驱动器和接收器。所述存储器控制器还被配置为将所述写入数据作为所述互连上的读取数据返回，用于从所述互连处从所述处理器接收的第一读取操作。

6. 发明申请

US20120072677A1 Multi-Ported Memory Controller with Ports Associated with Traffic Classes 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有与流量类相关的端口的多端口存储器控制器
公开(公告)号：US20120072677A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-22
申请号：US12883848
申请日：2010-09-16
申请人： Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen
发明人： Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F13/18
摘要： In an embodiment, a memory controller includes multiple ports. Each port may be dedicated to a different type of traffic. In an embodiment, quality of service (QoS) parameters may be defined for the traffic types, and different traffic types may have different QoS parameter definitions. The memory controller may be configured to scheduled operations received on the different ports based on the QoS parameters. In an embodiment, the memory controller may support upgrade of the QoS parameters when subsequent operations are received that have higher QoS parameters, via sideband request, and/or via aging of operations. In an embodiment, the memory controller is configured to reduce emphasis on QoS parameters and increase emphasis on memory bandwidth optimization as operations flow through the memory controller pipeline.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，存储器控制器包括多个端口。每个端口可能专用于不同类型的流量。在一个实施例中，可以为业务类型定义服务质量（QoS）参数，并且不同的业务类型可以具有不同的QoS参数定义。存储器控制器可以被配置为基于QoS参数在不同端口上接收的调度操作。在一个实施例中，当接收到具有较高QoS参数，经由边带请求和/或通过操作老化的后续操作时，存储器控制器可以支持QoS参数的升级。在一个实施例中，存储器控制器被配置为当操作流过存储器控制器管线时，减少对QoS参数的强调并且增加对存储器带宽优化的重视。

7. 发明授权

US07836372B2 Memory controller with loopback test interface 有权
标题翻译：带环回测试接口的内存控制器
公开(公告)号：US07836372B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-16
申请号：US11760566
申请日：2007-06-08
申请人： Luka Bodrozic , Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen , Sridhar P. Subramanian , James B. Keller
发明人： Luka Bodrozic , Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen , Sridhar P. Subramanian , James B. Keller
IPC分类号： G01R31/28 , G11C29/00
CPC分类号： G01R31/31716
摘要： In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises an interconnect; at least one processor coupled to the interconnect; and at least one memory controller coupled to the interconnect. The memory controller is programmable by the processor into a loopback test mode of operation and, in the loopback test mode, the memory controller is configured to receive a first write operation from the processor over the interconnect. The memory controller is configured to route write data from the first write operation through a plurality of drivers and receivers connected to a plurality of data pins that are capable of connection to one or more memory modules. The memory controller is further configured to return the write data as read data on the interconnect for a first read operation received from the processor on the interconnect.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，一种装置包括互连; 耦合到所述互连的至少一个处理器; 以及耦合到所述互连的至少一个存储器控制器。存储器控制器可由处理器编程为环回测试操作模式，并且在环回测试模式中，存储器控制器被配置为通过互连从处理器接收第一写入操作。存储器控制器被配置为将来自第一写入操作的写入数据路由到连接到能够连接到一个或多个存储器模块的多个数据引脚的多个驱动器和接收器。所述存储器控制器还被配置为将所述写入数据作为所述互连上的读取数据返回，用于从所述互连处从所述处理器接收的第一读取操作。

8. 发明申请

US20080307286A1 Combined Single Error Correction/Device Kill Detection Code 有权
标题翻译：组合单错误纠正/设备杀毒检测码
公开(公告)号：US20080307286A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-11
申请号：US11758322
申请日：2007-06-05
申请人： Brian P. Lilly , Robert Gries , Sridhar P. Subramanian , Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen
发明人： Brian P. Lilly , Robert Gries , Sridhar P. Subramanian , Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen
IPC分类号： H03M13/00
CPC分类号： H03M13/09 , G06F11/1004
摘要： In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises a check/correct circuit coupled to a control circuit. The check/correct circuit is coupled to receive a block of data and corresponding check bits. The block of data is received as N transmissions, each transmission comprising M data bits and L check bits. The check/correct circuit is configured to detect one or more errors in each of a plurality of non-overlapping windows of K bits in the M data bits, responsive to the M data bits and the L check bits. The control circuit is configured to record which of the plurality of windows have had errors detected and, if a given window of the plurality of windows has had errors detected in each of the N transmissions of the block, the control circuit is configured to signal a device failure. Each of K, L, M, and N are integers greater than one.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，一种装置包括耦合到控制电路的检查/校正电路。检查/校正电路被耦合以接收数据块和相应的校验位。数据块作为N个传输被接收，每个传输包括M个数据位和L个校验位。检查/校正电路被配置为响应于M个数据位和L个校验位来检测M个数据位中K位的多个非重叠窗口中的每一个中的一个或多个错误。控制电路被配置为记录多个窗口中哪一个具有检测到的错误，并且如果多个窗口的给定窗口在块的N个传输中的每一个中都检测到错误，则控制电路被配置为发信号设备故障 K，L，M和N中的每一个是大于1的整数。

9. 发明申请

US20080307276A1 Memory Controller with Loopback Test Interface 有权
标题翻译：带环回测试接口的内存控制器
公开(公告)号：US20080307276A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-11
申请号：US11760566
申请日：2007-06-08
申请人： Luka Bodrozic , Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen , Sridhar P. Subramanian , James B. Keller
发明人： Luka Bodrozic , Sukalpa Biswas , Hao Chen , Sridhar P. Subramanian , James B. Keller
IPC分类号： G11C29/04 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G01R31/31716
摘要： In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises an interconnect; at least one processor coupled to the interconnect; and at least one memory controller coupled to the interconnect. The memory controller is programmable by the processor into a loopback test mode of operation and, in the loopback test mode, the memory controller is configured to receive a first write operation from the processor over the interconnect. The memory controller is configured to route write data from the first write operation through a plurality of drivers and receivers connected to a plurality of data pins that are capable of connection to one or more memory modules. The memory controller is further configured to return the write data as read data on the interconnect for a first read operation received from the processor on the interconnect.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，一种装置包括互连; 耦合到所述互连的至少一个处理器; 以及耦合到所述互连的至少一个存储器控制器。存储器控制器可由处理器编程为环回测试操作模式，并且在环回测试模式中，存储器控制器被配置为通过互连从处理器接收第一写入操作。存储器控制器被配置为将来自第一写入操作的写入数据路由到连接到能够连接到一个或多个存储器模块的多个数据引脚的多个驱动器和接收器。所述存储器控制器还被配置为将所述写入数据作为所述互连上的读取数据返回，用于从所述互连处从所述处理器接收的第一读取操作。

10. 发明授权

US09043570B2 System cache with quota-based control 有权
标题翻译：具有基于配额控制的系统缓存
公开(公告)号：US09043570B2
公开(公告)日：2015-05-26
申请号：US13610642
申请日：2012-09-11
申请人： Sukalpa Biswas , Shinye Shiu , James Wang
发明人： Sukalpa Biswas , Shinye Shiu , James Wang
IPC分类号： G06F12/08 , G06F12/12
CPC分类号： G06F12/08 , G06F12/0831 , G06F12/0871 , G06F12/123 , G06F12/126 , G06F2212/6042 , Y02D10/13
摘要： Methods and apparatuses for implementing a system cache with quota-based control. Quotas may be assigned on a group ID basis to each group ID that is assigned to use the system cache. The quota does not reserve space in the system cache, but rather the quota may be used within any way within the system cache. The quota may prevent a given group ID from consuming more than a desired amount of the system cache. Once a group ID's quota has been reached, no additional allocation will be permitted for that group ID. The total amount of allocated quota for all group IDs can exceed the size of system cache, such that the system cache can be oversubscribed. The sticky state can be used to prioritize data retention within the system cache when oversubscription is being used.
摘要翻译：实现基于配额控制的系统缓存的方法和装置。可以根据分配给使用系统高速缓存的每个组ID将组ID分配给配额。配额不会在系统缓存中保留空间，而是可以以任何方式在系统缓存中使用配额。配额可能会阻止给定组ID消耗超过所需数量的系统高速缓存。达到组ID的配额后，不会对该组ID进行额外的分配。所有组ID的分配配额的总量可能超过系统缓存的大小，从而可以超额订阅系统缓存。当使用超额认购时，粘性状态可用于优先考虑系统缓存内的数据保留。

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