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1. 发明授权

US07270269B2 Secure electronic voting device 失效
标题翻译：安全电子投票设备
公开(公告)号：US07270269B2
公开(公告)日：2007-09-18
申请号：US11162306
申请日：2005-09-06
申请人： Subramanian S. Iyer , Gregory J. Fredeman , Chandrasekharan Kothandaraman , Alan Leslie
发明人： Subramanian S. Iyer , Gregory J. Fredeman , Chandrasekharan Kothandaraman , Alan Leslie
IPC分类号： G07C13/00
CPC分类号： G07C13/00
摘要： A secure device for electronic voting employs a write-once vote-recording medium. The medium has an initial writing mode in which data can be written but not read and a subsequent reading mode whereby data can be read but writing is permanently disabled. Once switched from the writing mode to the reading mode, it cannot be switched back. A hardware mechanism provides successful write confirmation The medium can be installed like a cartridge into a vote-recording device. The voting device provides encryption/authorization that combines polling parameters with voter information to produce a “fuse string”. For each vote, a fuse string is written to the array. The poll is “closed” by switching the medium to “read” mode, preventing further modification or tampering. To read out the results of the poll, an auditor enters “password” information to decode/decrypt the recorded information.
摘要翻译：用于电子投票的安全装置采用一次写入式记录介质。该介质具有初始写入模式，其中可以写入数据但不能读取数据，以及随后的读取模式，从而可以读取数据，但写入永久禁用。一旦从写入模式切换到读取模式，它就不能被切换回来。硬件机制提供成功的写入确认介质可以像墨盒一样安装到投票记录设备中。投票设备提供加密/授权，其将轮询参数与选民信息组合以产生“保险丝串”。对于每次投票，将熔丝串写入阵列。通过将介质切换到“读取”模式，轮询“关闭”，防止进一步修改或篡改。为了读出投票结果，审核员输入“密码”信息来解密/解密记录的信息。

2. 发明申请

US20070051805A1 SECURE ELECTRONIC VOTING DEVICE 失效
标题翻译：安全电子投票设备
公开(公告)号：US20070051805A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-08
申请号：US11162306
申请日：2005-09-06
申请人： Subramanian Iyer , Gregory Fredeman , Chandrasekharan Kothandaraman , Alan Leslie
发明人： Subramanian Iyer , Gregory Fredeman , Chandrasekharan Kothandaraman , Alan Leslie
IPC分类号： G07C13/00
CPC分类号： G07C13/00
摘要： A secure device for electronic voting is employs a write-once vote-recording cartridge, preferably based on an e-fuse array. The cartridge has two distinct modes of operation: write mode and read mode. When in write mode, the array can only be written—it cannot be read. When in read mode, the array can only be read—it cannot be written. The array starts out in write mode. When switched to read mode, it cannot be switched back. A hardware mechanism provides successful write confirmation. The e-fuse array is installed (like a cartridge) into a vote-recording device. The voting device has an encryption/authorization mechanism that combines polling parameters (entered by the polling authority) with user (voter) information (Voter ID confirmation, poll selections, etc.) to produce a “fuse string” to be written into the e-fuse array. Upon completion of each vote, the fuse string from is written to the array, with hardware confirmation of successful writing. When all polling is complete, the poll is “closed” by switching the e-fuse array to the “read” mode, which permanently disables any further modification of the array. The encryption used to generate the “fuse string” values for each voter (user) renders the e-fuse contents meaningless to anyone except an auditor with proper authorization. In order to read out the results of the poll, an auditor must enter “password” information to decode/decrypt the contents of the e-fuse array.
摘要翻译：用于电子投票的安全装置采用一个写入一次的投票记录盒，优选地基于电子熔丝阵列。墨盒有两种不同的操作模式：写入模式和读取模式。在写入模式下，数组只能写入 - 不能读取。在读取模式下，只能读取数组 - 不能写入。阵列以写入模式启动。当切换到读取模式时，不能切换回。硬件机制提供成功的写入确认。电子保险丝阵列（如墨盒）安装到投票记录设备中。投票设备具有将轮询参数（由轮询当局输入）的轮询参数与用户（选民）信息（投票人身份确认，投票选择等）组合的加密/授权机制，以产生要写入e的“保险丝串” - 数组。每次投票完成后，将熔丝串写入阵列，硬件确认成功写入。当所有轮询完成时，通过将电子熔丝阵列切换到“读取”模式，轮询“闭合”，永久禁用阵列的任何进一步修改。用于为每个选民（用户）生成“保险丝串”值的加密使得电子保险丝内容对于任何具有适当授权的审计师除外没有任何意义。为了阅读投票结果，审核员必须输入“密码”信息来解密/解密电子熔丝阵列的内容。

3. 发明申请

US20080030260A1 DESIGN STRUCTURE FOR IMPROVING SENSING MARGIN OF ELECTRICALLY PROGRAMMABLE FUSES 有权
标题翻译：改善电动可编程熔断器感应尺寸的设计结构
公开(公告)号：US20080030260A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-07
申请号：US11872273
申请日：2007-10-15
申请人： Darren Anand , Gregory Fredeman , Toshiaki Kirihata , Alan Leslie , John Safran
发明人： Darren Anand , Gregory Fredeman , Toshiaki Kirihata , Alan Leslie , John Safran
IPC分类号： H01H37/76
CPC分类号： G11C7/065 , G11C17/165 , G11C17/18 , G11C29/027
摘要： A design structure embodied in a machine readable medium used in a design process includes an apparatus for sensing the state of a programmable resistive memory element device, the apparatus further including a latch device coupled to a fuse node and a reference node, the fuse node included within a fuse leg and the reference node configured within a reference resistance leg, the latch device configured to detect a differential signal developed between the reference node and the fuse node as the result of sense current passed through the fuse leg and the reference resistance leg; and the fuse and reference resistance legs further configured for first and second sensing modes, wherein the second sensing mode utilizes a different level of current than the first sensing mode.
摘要翻译：在设计过程中使用的机器可读介质中体现的设计结构包括用于感测可编程电阻性存储元件装置的状态的装置，该装置还包括耦合到熔丝节点和参考节点的锁存装置，所述熔丝节点包括所述锁存装置被配置为检测在所述参考节点和所述熔丝节点之间产生的差动信号，这是由于感测电流通过所述保险丝腿和所述参考电阻腿的结果; 并且熔丝和参考电阻腿进一步配置用于第一和第二感测模式，其中第二感测模式利用与第一感测模式不同的电流电平。

4. 发明申请

US20080025071A1 METHOD FOR IMPROVING SENSING MARGIN OF ELECTRICALLY PROGRAMMABLE FUSES 有权
标题翻译：改善电动可编程熔丝感应尺寸的方法
公开(公告)号：US20080025071A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-31
申请号：US11868046
申请日：2007-10-05
申请人： Darren Anand , Gregory Fredeman , Toshiaki Kirihata , Alan Leslie , John Safran
发明人： Darren Anand , Gregory Fredeman , Toshiaki Kirihata , Alan Leslie , John Safran
IPC分类号： G11C11/00
CPC分类号： G11C7/065 , G11C17/165 , G11C17/18 , G11C29/027
摘要： A method for determining the state of a programmable resistive memory element includes passing a first level of current through a fuse leg and a reference resistance leg of a test circuit including the programmable resistive memory element; detecting a differential signal developed between a reference node and a fuse node of the test circuit as a result of the first level of current; passing a second level of current through the fuse leg and the reference leg of a test circuit, the second level of current being higher than the first level of current so as to enable detection of trip resistance of the test circuit at a lower value than with respect to the first level of current; and detecting a differential signal developed between the reference node and the fuse node of the test circuit as a result of the second level of current.
摘要翻译：用于确定可编程电阻性存储元件的状态的方法包括使第一电平电流通过包括可编程电阻存储器元件的测试电路的熔丝支脚和参考电阻支路; 检测作为第一电流电平的结果，在测试电路的参考节点和熔丝节点之间产生的差分信号; 使第二电流通过保险丝支脚和测试电路的参考支路，第二电平电流高于第一电流电平，以便能够以比与第一电平相比更低的值检测测试电路的跳闸电阻尊重目前的一级; 以及作为所述第二电流电平的结果，检测在所述参考节点和所述测试电路的所述熔丝节点之间产生的差分信号。

5. 发明申请

US20070133333A1 EFUSE SENSE CIRCUIT 失效
标题翻译： EFUSE SENSE电路
公开(公告)号：US20070133333A1
公开(公告)日：2007-06-14
申请号：US11297311
申请日：2005-12-08
申请人： William Hovis , Alan Leslie , Phil Paone , David Siljenberg , Salvatore Storino , Gregory Uhlmann
发明人： William Hovis , Alan Leslie , Phil Paone , David Siljenberg , Salvatore Storino , Gregory Uhlmann
IPC分类号： G11C17/18
CPC分类号： G11C17/18
摘要： An eFuse reference cell on a chip provides a reference voltage that is greater than a maximum voltage produced by an eFuse cell having an unblown eFuse on the chip but less than a minimum voltage produced by an eFuse cell having a blown eFuse on the chip. A reference current flows through a resistor and an unblown eFuse in the eFuse reference cell, producing the reference voltage. The reference voltage is used to create a mirrored copy of the reference current in the eFuse cell. The mirrored copy of the reference current flows through an eFuse in the eFuse cell. A comparator receives the reference voltage and the voltage produced by the eFuse cell. The comparator produces an output logic level responsive to the voltage produced by the eFuse cell compared to the reference voltage.
摘要翻译：芯片上的eFuse参考单元提供的参考电压大于由芯片上具有未引脚eFuse的eFuse单元产生的最小电压，但小于由芯片上具有熔断eFuse的eFuse单元产生的最小电压。参考电流流过eFuse参考电池中的电阻和非吹出eFuse，产生参考电压。参考电压用于在eFuse单元中创建参考电流的镜像副本。参考电流的镜像副本通过eFuse单元中的eFuse流动。比较器接收参考电压和eFuse单元产生的电压。比较器产生一个响应于eFuse电池与参考电压相比产生的电压的输出逻辑电平。

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