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    • 6. 发明授权
    • Normalization implementation for a logmap decoder
    • 日志对照解码器的规范化实现
    • US06400290B1
    • 2002-06-04
    • US09511206
    • 2000-02-23
    • Martin LanghammerVolker Mauer
    • Martin LanghammerVolker Mauer
    • H03M1300
    • H03M13/3905H03M13/6583
    • A programmable logic device can be programmed to configure its logic elements to approximate the normalization of probability values used in the operation of logMAP decoders, thereby significantly reducing the amount of logic resources required in the normalization procedure without significantly degrading performance. In the first preferred embodiment, normalization is achieved by approximating the normalization value by calculating an approximate normalization value which is then deducted from all &agr; values in the trellis at any time. This is done by logically ANDing all &agr; input probability values with the NOT of their own MSBs. The resulting outputs are then all bitwise ORed together, the output of which is the approximate normalization value. In another embodiment, the approximate normalization value is calculated using a fixed constant determinable at the outset of the logMAP decoder operation.
    • 可编程逻辑器件可以配置其逻辑元件来近似在logMAP解码器的操作中使用的概率值的归一化,从而显着减少归一化过程中所需的逻辑资源量,而不会显着降低性能。 在第一优选实施例中,通过近似归一化值来实现归一化,即通过计算随后从网格中的所有α值中扣除的近似归一化值。 这是通过将所有alpha输入概率值与其自己的MSB的NOT进行逻辑与运算来完成的。 所得到的输出随后全部按位或相加在一起,其输出是近似归一化值。 在另一个实施例中,使用在logMAP解码器操作开始时可确定的固定常数来计算近似归一化值。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • QR decomposition in an integrated circuit device
    • 集成电路设备中的QR分解
    • US08812576B1
    • 2014-08-19
    • US13229820
    • 2011-09-12
    • Volker Mauer
    • Volker Mauer
    • G06F7/38
    • G06F17/16
    • Circuitry for performing QR decomposition of an input matrix includes multiplication/addition circuitry for performing multiplication and addition/subtraction operations on a plurality of inputs, division/square-root circuitry for performing division and square-root operations on an output of the multiplication/addition circuitry, a first memory for storing the input matrix, a second memory for storing a selected vector of the input matrix, and a selector for inputting to the multiplication/addition circuitry any one or more of a vector of the input matrix, the selected vector, and an output of the division/square-root circuitry. On respective successive passes, a respective vector of the input matrix is read from a first memory into a second memory, and elements of a respective vector of an R matrix of the QR decomposition are computed and the respective vector of the input matrix in the first memory is replaced with the respective vector of the R matrix.
    • 用于执行输入矩阵的QR分解的电路包括用于对多个输入执行乘法和加法/减法运算的乘法/加法电路,用于对乘法/加法的输出执行除法和平方根运算的除法/平方根电路 电路,用于存储输入矩阵的第一存储器,用于存储输入矩阵的选定向量的第二存储器,以及用于向乘法/加法电路输入输入矩阵的向量中的一个或多个的选择器,所选择的向量 ,以及除法/平方根电路的输出。 在相应的连续遍中,将输入矩阵的相应向量从第一存储器读取到第二存储器中,并且计算QR分解的R矩阵的相应向量的元素,并且输入矩阵的相应向量在第一存储器 存储器被R矩阵的相应矢量代替。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Adaptive sampling rate converter
    • 自适应采样率转换器
    • US07680233B1
    • 2010-03-16
    • US12061586
    • 2008-04-02
    • Volker Mauer
    • Volker Mauer
    • H04L7/00H04L25/00H04L25/40
    • H03H17/0628H03H17/028H04L7/0029Y10S370/914
    • Apparatus, methods and techniques for adjusting the phase offset used in sampling rate conversion uses a Farrow structure or the like to compensate for clock problems such as “clock jitter” and/or “clock drift” effects, which typically arise where one clock is truly independent of the other. A phase offset adjustment value Δμ based on the measured data flow between clock domains across a transition interface and/or through a buffer is calculated. Where an output FIFO buffer is used, the measured data flow value represents the number of data words written to and read from the FIFO buffer, such as the current number of data words stored in the FIFO buffer or a counter value representing the net number of data words written to the FIFO buffer. The measured data flow value is compared to a target data flow value, which may be a range of values. The phase offset adjustment value may be updated and/or recalculated continuously and/or periodically and is added to or subtracted from the phase offset μ as necessary. Such systems are useful in software defined radio and the like and may be implemented on a variety of devices, including PLDs.
    • 用于调整采样率转换中使用的相位偏移的装置,方法和技术使用Farrow结构等来补偿时钟问题,例如“时钟抖动”和/或“时钟漂移”效应,这通常在一个时钟是真实的 独立于其他。 基于跨过渡接口和/或通过缓冲器的时钟域之间的测量数据流,计算相位偏移调整值&Dgr;μ。 在使用输出FIFO缓冲器的情况下,测量的数据流量值表示写入FIFO缓冲器和从FIFO缓冲器读取的数据字的数量,例如存储在FIFO缓冲器中的当前数据字的数量或表示 数据字写入FIFO缓冲区。 将测量的数据流值与目标数据流值进行比较,其可以是值的范围。 相位偏移调整值可以根据需要连续地和/或周期性地更新和/或重新计算并被添加到或从相位偏移μ中减去。 这样的系统在软件定义的无线电等中是有用的,并且可以在包括PLD的各种设备上实现。