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    • 1. 发明申请
    • SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CREATING MULTI-PHASE ENTITIES, INCLUDING PARTICLES AND/OR FLUIDS
    • 用于创建多相实体(包括颗粒和/或流体)的系统和方法
    • WO2009061372A9
    • 2009-06-25
    • PCT/US2008012384
    • 2008-10-31
    • HARVARD COLLEGESHAH RHUTESH KISHORKANTKIM JIN-WOONGWEITZ DAVID A
    • SHAH RHUTESH KISHORKANTKIM JIN-WOONGWEITZ DAVID A
    • A61K9/50B01J13/00
    • B01F17/005B01F17/0028
    • The present invention generally relates to multi-phase entities, which may include one or more phases containing particles. The particles may be agglomerated in some cases. In one embodiments, the multi-phase entity contains one or more phases and/or regions, which each may independently be a solid or a liquid. For example, a multi-phase entity may contain a solid phase and a liquid phase, a first solid phase and a second solid phase, a first liquid phase and a second liquid phase, etc., and the phases may be present within one or more phases within the entity. In some aspects of the invention, the hydrophobicities/hydrophilicities of one or more phases of the multi- phase entity are sensitive to temperature, pH, and/or an analyte, etc. Still other aspects of the invention generally relate to systems and methods of making and using such multi-phase entities, kits involving such entities, or the like.
    • 本发明一般涉及多相实体,其可以包括一个或多个含有颗粒的相。 在某些情况下,颗粒可能团聚。 在一个实施方案中,多相实体包含一个或多个相和/或区域,其各自可以独立地为固体或液体。 例如,多相实体可以包含固相和液相,第一固相和第二固相,第一液相和第二液相等,并且相可以存在于一个或多个相 实体内的更多阶段。 在本发明的一些方面,多相实体的一个或多个相的疏水性/亲水性对温度,pH和/或分析物等敏感。本发明的其它方面一般涉及系统和方法 制作和使用这样的多阶段实体,涉及这些实体的工具包等。
    • 2. 发明申请
    • ASSAYS AND OTHER REACTIONS INVOLVING DROPLETS
    • 测定和涉及滴剂的其他反应
    • WO2008109176A8
    • 2008-11-13
    • PCT/US2008003185
    • 2008-03-07
    • HARVARD COLLEGEAGRESTI JEREMYCHU LIANG-YINWEITZ DAVID AKIM JIN-WOONGROWAT AMYSOMMER MORTENDANTAS GAUTAMCHURCH GEORGE
    • AGRESTI JEREMYCHU LIANG-YINWEITZ DAVID AKIM JIN-WOONGROWAT AMYSOMMER MORTENDANTAS GAUTAMCHURCH GEORGE
    • C12Q1/68B01J13/00
    • C12Q1/6848B01F3/0807B01F3/0811B01F13/0062B01F13/0071B01F2215/0037B01J13/0052B01J13/0065C12P19/34C12Q1/6834C12Q1/686
    • The present invention generally relates to droplets and/or emulsions, such as multiple emulsions. In some cases, the droplets and/or emulsions may be used in assays, and in certain embodiments, the droplet or emulsion may be hardened to form a gel. In some aspects, a heterogeneous assay can be performed using a gel. For example, a droplet may be hardened to form a gel, where the droplet contains a cell, DNA, or other suitable species. The gel may be exposed to a reactant, and the reactant may interact with the gel and/or with the cell, DNA, etc., in some fashion. For example, the reactant may diffuse through the gel, or the hardened particle may liquefy to form a liquid state, allowing the reactant to interact with the cell. As a specific example, DNA contained within a gel particle may be subjected to PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification, e.g., by using PCR primers able to bind to the gel as it forms. As the DNA is amplified using PCR, some of the DNA will be bound to the gel via the PCR primer. After the PCR reaction, unbound DNA may be removed from the gel, e.g., via diffusion or washing. Thus, a gel particle having bound DNA may be formed in one embodiment of the invention.
    • 本发明一般涉及液滴和/或乳液,例如多重乳液。 在一些情况下,液滴和/或乳液可以用于测定中,并且在某些实施方案中,液滴或乳液可以被硬化以形成凝胶。 在一些方面,可以使用凝胶进行非均相测定。 例如,可以使小滴硬化以形成凝胶,其中小滴含有细胞,DNA或其他合适的物质。 凝胶可以暴露于反应物,并且反应物可以以某种方式与凝胶和/或与细胞,DNA等相互作用。 例如,反应物可以通过凝胶扩散,或者硬化的颗粒可以液化以形成液体状态,从而允许反应物与细胞相互作用。 作为具体例子,可以对凝胶颗粒内包含的DNA进行PCR(聚合酶链式反应)扩增,例如通过使用能够在凝胶形成时结合到凝胶上的PCR引物。 当使用PCR扩增DNA时,一些DNA将通过PCR引物与凝胶结合。 PCR反应后,未结合的DNA可以从凝胶中去除,例如通过扩散或洗涤。 因此,可以在本发明的一个实施方案中形成具有结合DNA的凝胶颗粒。
    • 3. 发明申请
    • ASSAYS AND OTHER REACTIONS INVOLVING DROPLETS
    • 测量和其他涉及倾销的反应
    • WO2008109176A2
    • 2008-09-12
    • PCT/US2008003185
    • 2008-03-07
    • HARVARD COLLEGEAGRESTI JEREMYCHU LIANG-YINWEITZ DAVID AKIM JIN-WOONGROWAT AMYSOMMER MORTENDANTAS GUATAMCHURCH GEORGE
    • AGRESTI JEREMYCHU LIANG-YINWEITZ DAVID AKIM JIN-WOONGROWAT AMYSOMMER MORTENDANTAS GUATAMCHURCH GEORGE
    • C12Q1/6848B01F3/0807B01F3/0811B01F13/0062B01F13/0071B01F2215/0037B01J13/0052B01J13/0065C12P19/34C12Q1/6834C12Q1/686
    • The present invention generally relates to droplets and/or emulsions, such as multiple emulsions. In some cases, the droplets and/or emulsions may be used in assays, and in certain embodiments, the droplet or emulsion may be hardened to form a gel. In some aspects, a heterogeneous assay can be performed using a gel. For example, a droplet may be hardened to form a gel, where the droplet contains a cell, DNA, or other suitable species. The gel may be exposed to a reactant, and the reactant may interact with the gel and/or with the cell, DNA, etc., in some fashion. For example, the reactant may diffuse through the gel, or the hardened particle may liquefy to form a liquid state, allowing the reactant to interact with the cell. As a specific example, DNA contained within a gel particle may be subjected to PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification, e.g., by using PCR primers able to bind to the gel as it forms. As the DNA is amplified using PCR, some of the DNA will be bound to the gel via the PCR primer. After the PCR reaction, unbound DNA may be removed from the gel, e.g., via diffusion or washing. Thus, a gel particle having bound DNA may be formed in one embodiment of the invention.
    • 本发明通常涉及液滴和/或乳液,例如多重乳液。 在一些情况下,液滴和/或乳液可用于测定中,并且在某些实施方案中,液滴或乳液可被硬化以形成凝胶。 在一些方面,可以使用凝胶进行异质测定。 例如,液滴可以被硬化以形成凝胶,其中液滴包含细胞,DNA或其它合适的物质。 凝胶可以暴露于反应物,并且反应物可以以某种方式与凝胶和/或与细胞,DNA等相互作用。 例如,反应物可以扩散通过凝胶,或者硬化的颗粒可以液化以形成液体状态,允许反应物与细胞相互作用。 作为具体实例,包含在凝胶颗粒内的DNA可以进行PCR(聚合酶链式反应)扩增,例如通过使用能够在形成凝胶时结合凝胶的PCR引物。 当使用PCR扩增DNA时,一些DNA将通过PCR引物与凝胶结合。 PCR反应后,未结合的DNA可以从凝胶中去除,例如通过扩散或洗涤。 因此,可以在本发明的一个实施方案中形成具有结合DNA的凝胶颗粒。
    • 5. 发明申请
    • INTERFRAME WAVELET CODING APPARATUS AND METHOD CAPABLE OF ADJUSTING COMPUTATIONAL COMPLEXITY
    • 帧间小波编码装置和调整计算复杂度的方法
    • WO2005051000A8
    • 2005-11-03
    • PCT/KR2004001130
    • 2004-05-13
    • KOREA ELECTRONICS TELECOMMJEONG SE-YOONKIM KYU-HEONKIM WONHAKIM JIN-WOONG
    • JEONG SE-YOONKIM KYU-HEONKIM WONHAKIM JIN-WOONG
    • H04N7/26H04N7/24
    • H04N19/615H04N19/122H04N19/13H04N19/139H04N19/172H04N19/1883H04N19/61H04N19/63H04N19/635
    • Provided is an inter-frame wavelet coding apparatus that can reduce the computation complexity of a decoder by adjusting a decomposition level and a filter length based on the information amount of a frame during wavelet transform and a method therefor. The inter-frame wavelet coding apparatus includes: a Motion Compensated Temporal Filtering (MCTF) unit for computing a motion vectors of a group of pictures (GOP) and filtering the GOP with respect to the temporal axis, to thereby obtain filtered frame; a wavelet transforming unit for performing spatial wavelet transform on the filtered frame and outputting a wavelet coefficient; a quantization unit for quantizing the wavelet coefficient; an entropy coding unit for entropy-coding the motion vector computed in the MCTF unit and the quantized wavelet coefficient, to thereby generate an entropy-coded bit stream; and a wavelet filter managing unit for selecting a decomposition level and a filter length for the wavelet transforming unit based on motion estimation information of the GOP video computed in the MCTF unit, wherein the decomposition level and the filter length are included in the entropy-coded bit stream.
    • 提供了一种帧间小波编码装置,其可以通过基于小波变换期间的帧的信息量调整分解水平和滤波器长度来降低解码器的计算复杂度及其方法。 帧间小波编码装置包括:运动补偿时间滤波(MCTF)单元,用于计算一组图像(GOP)的运动矢量并相对于时间轴对GOP进行滤波,从而获得滤波帧; 小波变换单元,用于对滤波后的帧进行空间小波变换,并输出小波系数; 用于量化小波系数的量化单元; 熵编码单元,用于对在MCTF单元中计算出的运动矢量进行熵编码和量化小波系数,从而生成熵编码比特流; 以及小波滤波器管理单元,用于基于在所述MCTF单元中计算出的GOP视频的运动估计信息来选择所述小波变换单元的分解电平和滤波器长度,其中所述分解电平和所述滤波器长度包括在所述熵编码 位流。