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1. 发明授权

US07694552B2 High quality factor resonators for liquid immersion biological and chemical sensors 失效
标题翻译：液体生物和化学传感器的高品质因子谐振器
公开(公告)号：US07694552B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-13
申请号：US12069730
申请日：2008-02-11
申请人： Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , Goksen G. Yaralioglu
发明人： Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , Goksen G. Yaralioglu
IPC分类号： G01N29/00 , G01N15/06
CPC分类号： G01N29/022 , G01N2291/014 , G01N2291/02466
摘要： A mechanical resonator capable of providing an intrinsically high mechanical quality factor in immersion is provided. The resonator includes a membrane attached at its perimeter to a frame, such that a front side of the membrane is in contact with the liquid, and the back side of the membrane is not in contact with the liquid or the frame. The membrane can act as a mechanical resonator. The quality factor of this resonator is enhanced by providing a pressure release boundary region on the frame in proximity to the membrane and in contact with the liquid. The pressure release boundary region provides a soft boundary condition, in the sense that a mechanical impedance on the solid side of the solid-liquid interface is less than the liquid mechanical impedance. Providing such a soft boundary condition reduces the mechanical energy loss due to excitation of waves in the liquid, thereby improving resonator quality factor. Such high-Q resonators are particularly useful for sensor applications.
摘要翻译：提供一种能够提供本质上高的浸入机械品质因子的机械谐振器。谐振器包括在其周边附接到框架的膜，使得膜的前侧与液体接触，并且膜的背面不与液体或框架接触。膜可以用作机械谐振器。通过在框架上靠近膜并与液体接触来提供压力释放边界区域来增强该谐振器的品质因数。压力释放边界区域提供了软边界条件，这在固体 - 液体界面的固体侧的机械阻抗小于液体机械阻抗的意义上。提供这样的软边界条件降低了由于液体中的波的激发引起的机械能损失，从而改善了谐振器品质因数。这种高Q谐振器对于传感器应用特别有用。

2. 发明授权

US06789426B2 Microfluidic channels with integrated ultrasonic transducers for temperature measurement and method 失效
标题翻译：具有集成超声换能器的微流体通道用于温度测量和方法
公开(公告)号：US06789426B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-14
申请号：US10198290
申请日：2002-07-17
申请人： Goksen G. Yaralioglu , Arif S. Ergun , Hemanth Jagannathan , Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub
发明人： Goksen G. Yaralioglu , Arif S. Ergun , Hemanth Jagannathan , Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub
IPC分类号： G01H500
CPC分类号： G01N29/223 , G01H5/00 , G01K11/24 , G01N29/024 , G01N29/326 , G01N2291/02881
摘要： There is described a method and apparatus for measuring temperature of a fluid in a microchannel of the type having spaced walls. An ultrasonic transducer transmits ultrasonic waves transmitted from one wall to the opposite wall. A processor determines the time-of-flight of the ultrasonic waves from the one wall and reflected to the opposite wall to the one wall. The processor converts the time-of-flight to velocity by dividing the distance between walls by the time-of-flight. The processor converts velocity to temperature from the relationship of velocity to temperature in the fluid.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于测量具有间隔壁的类型的微通道中的流体的温度的方法和装置。超声波换能器将从一个壁传输的超声波传送到相对的壁。处理器确定来自一个壁的超声波的飞行时间，并反射到与该墙壁相对的壁。处理器通过将墙壁之间的距离除以飞行时间将飞行时间转换为速度。处理器将速度从流体中的速度关系转换为温度。

3. 发明申请

US20080221448A1 Image-guided delivery of therapeutic tools duing minimally invasive surgeries and interventions 审中-公开
标题翻译：以图像为导向的治疗工具，提供微创手术和干预措施
公开(公告)号：US20080221448A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-11
申请号：US12072906
申请日：2008-02-27
申请人： Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , Omer Oralkan , Goksen G. Yaralioglu
发明人： Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , Omer Oralkan , Goksen G. Yaralioglu
IPC分类号： A61B8/00 , A61B18/20 , A61N7/00
CPC分类号： B06B1/0292 , A61B8/0833 , A61B8/0841 , A61B8/12 , A61B8/4483 , A61B8/4488 , A61B8/483 , A61B10/04 , A61B18/24 , A61B90/36 , A61B2090/3782 , A61B2562/028 , A61N7/022
摘要： Imaged-guided therapy for minimally invasive surgeries and interventions is provided. An image-guided device includes an elongate tubular member, such as a catheter, an annular array of capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducers (cMUTs) for real-time three-dimensional forward-looking acoustic imaging, and a therapeutic tool. The therapeutic tool is positioned inside an inner lumen of the elongate tubular member and can be a device for tissue ablation, such as a high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) device or a laser. The HIFU device is operable at high frequencies to have a sufficiently small focus spot, thus a high focal intensity. The imaging annular array is also operable at high frequencies for good acoustic imaging resolution. The high resolution forward-looking imaging array, in combination with the high frequency HIFU transducer, provides a single image-guided therapy device for precise tissue ablation and real-time imaging feedback.
摘要翻译：提供了用于微创手术和干预措施的成像指导治疗。图像引导装置包括细长管状构件，例如导管，用于实时三维前瞻性声学成像的电容微加工超声换能器（cMUT）的环形阵列和治疗工具。治疗工具位于细长管状构件的内腔内，并且可以是用于组织消融的装置，例如高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）装置或激光。 HIFU装置可以在高频下操作以具有足够小的焦点，因此具有高焦距。成像环形阵列也可在高频下操作以获得良好的声学成像分辨率。高分辨率前瞻性成像阵列与高频HIFU传感器结合，提供了一个单一的图像引导治疗装置，用于精确的组织消融和实时成像反馈。

4. 发明申请

US20080190181A1 High quality factor resonators for liquid immersion biological and chemical sensors 失效
标题翻译：液体生物和化学传感器的高品质因子谐振器
公开(公告)号：US20080190181A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-14
申请号：US12069730
申请日：2008-02-11
申请人： Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , Goksen G. Yaralioglu
发明人： Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , Goksen G. Yaralioglu
IPC分类号： G01N29/04
CPC分类号： G01N29/022 , G01N2291/014 , G01N2291/02466
摘要： A mechanical resonator capable of providing an intrinsically high mechanical quality factor in immersion is provided. The resonator includes a membrane attached at its perimeter to a frame, such that a front side of the membrane is in contact with the liquid, and the back side of the membrane is not in contact with the liquid or the frame. The membrane can act as a mechanical resonator. The quality factor of this resonator is enhanced by providing a pressure release boundary region on the frame in proximity to the membrane and in contact with the liquid. The pressure release boundary region provides a soft boundary condition, in the sense that a mechanical impedance on the solid side of the solid-liquid interface is less than the liquid mechanical impedance. Providing such a soft boundary condition reduces the mechanical energy loss due to excitation of waves in the liquid, thereby improving resonator quality factor. Such high-Q resonators are particularly useful for sensor applications.
摘要翻译：提供一种能够提供本质上高的浸入机械品质因子的机械谐振器。谐振器包括在其周边附接到框架的膜，使得膜的前侧与液体接触，并且膜的背面不与液体或框架接触。膜可以用作机械谐振器。通过在框架上靠近膜并与液体接触来提供压力释放边界区域来增强该谐振器的品质因数。压力释放边界区域提供了软边界条件，这在固体 - 液体界面的固体侧的机械阻抗小于液体机械阻抗的意义上。提供这样的软边界条件降低了由于液体中的波的激发引起的机械能损失，从而改善了谐振器品质因数。这种高Q谐振器对于传感器应用特别有用。

5. 发明授权

US08451693B2 Micromachined ultrasonic transducer having compliant post structure 有权
标题翻译：具有顺应柱结构的微加工超声换能器
公开(公告)号：US08451693B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-28
申请号：US12806763
申请日：2010-08-20
申请人： Amin Nikoozadeh , Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub
发明人： Amin Nikoozadeh , Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub
IPC分类号： H04R19/00 , B06B1/02
CPC分类号： B06B1/0292
摘要： A compression post capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) is provided. The compression post CMUT includes a first electrode, a top conductive layer having a pattern of post holes, a moveable mass that includes the first electrode. The compression post CMUT further includes an operating gap disposed between the top surface of the top conductive layer and a bottom surface of the moveable mass, a pattern of compression posts, where a proximal end the compression post is connected perpendicularly to a bottom surface of the moveable mass, where the pattern of compression posts span through the pattern of post holes. The top conductive layer includes the second electrode that is electronically insulated from the first electrode, where the pattern of compression posts compress to provide a restoring force in a direction that is normal to the bottom surface of the moveable mass.
摘要翻译：提供压缩后电容式微机械超声波换能器（CMUT）。压缩柱CMUT包括第一电极，具有柱孔图案的顶部导电层，包括第一电极的可移动质量块。压缩柱CMUT还包括设置在顶部导电层的顶表面和可移动块的底表面之间的操作间隙，压缩柱的图案，其中压缩柱的近端垂直于底部表面连接可移动质量块，其中压缩柱的图案跨过柱孔的图案。顶部导电层包括与第一电极电子绝缘的第二电极，其中压缩柱的图案被压缩以在与可移动质量块的底表面垂直的方向上提供恢复力。

6. 发明申请

US20130023752A1 Medical Screening and Diagnostics Based on Air-Coupled Photoacoustics 有权
标题翻译：基于空气耦合光声学的医学筛查和诊断
公开(公告)号：US20130023752A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-24
申请号：US13554985
申请日：2012-07-20
申请人： Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , Omer Oralkan
发明人： Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , Omer Oralkan
IPC分类号： A61B6/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0095 , A61B5/0507
摘要： Surface selective photoacoustic (PA) medical imaging is introduced. Surface selective PA imaging is responsive to surface features and does not image sub-surface features, in contrast to conventional PA imaging. The surface PA signal can be considerably larger than the bulk PA signal, for an air-coupled (or gas-coupled) acoustic transducer. Distinguishing these two signals based on time of arrival at the transducer can further distinguish the two signals. This approach provides numerous advantages.Non-contact imaging simplifies and expedites imaging, and can serve as a replacement for visual inspection by physicians. Applications include skin screening and endoscopy.
摘要翻译：介绍了表面选择性光声（PA）医学成像。与传统的PA成像相比，表面选择性PA成像对表面特征有反应，并且不影像亚表面特征。对于空气耦合（或气体耦合）的声换能器，表面PA信号可以大大地大于体积PA信号。基于到达换能器的时间区分这两个信号可以进一步区分两个信号。这种方法提供了许多优点。非接触式成像简化并加速成像，可作为医生进行视觉检查的替代品。应用包括皮肤筛查和内窥镜检查。

7. 发明授权

US07972271B2 Apparatus and method for phased subarray imaging 有权
标题翻译：用于相位子阵列成像的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07972271B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-05
申请号：US11709347
申请日：2007-02-21
申请人： Jeremy Johnson , Mustafa Karaman , Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub
发明人： Jeremy Johnson , Mustafa Karaman , Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub
IPC分类号： A61B8/14
CPC分类号： A61B8/14 , G01S7/52046 , G01S15/8915 , G01S15/8927 , G01S15/8993
摘要： An invention for coherent array image formation and restoration is taught. The invention is applicable for both 2D and 3D imaging using either 1D or 2D arrays, respectively. A transducer array is subdivided into subarrays, each subarray having a number of adjacent array elements. All elements of each subarray transmit and receive in parallel. The signals received from each subarray are delayed and summed to form scan lines, or beams. The low-beam-rate beams formed from each subarray are upsampled and interpolated prior to forming high-beam-rate images. Depending on the subarray geometry, a subarray-dependent restoration filter is also applied to the subarray beams. The restored beams from each subarray are combined to form the final high-beam-rate image. The invention significantly reduces the front-end hardware complexity compared to conventional methods such as full phased array imaging with comparable image quality.
摘要翻译：教导了相干阵列图像形成和恢复的发明。本发明分别适用于使用1D或2D阵列的2D和3D成像。换能器阵列被细分为子阵列，每个子阵列具有多个相邻的阵列元件。每个子阵列的所有元素并行传输和接收。从每个子阵列接收的信号被延迟并相加以形成扫描线或光束。在形成高光束速率图像之前，从每个子阵列形成的低光束速率光束被上采样和内插。根据子阵列几何，子阵列依赖的恢复滤波器也被应用于子阵列波束。来自每个子阵列的恢复的波束被组合以形成最终的高光束速率图像。与常规方法相比，本发明显着降低了前端硬件复杂性，例如具有可比较图像质量的全相控阵列成像。

8. 发明申请

US20100152591A1 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR NON-INVASIVE AND MINIMALLY-INVASIVE SENSING OF PARAMETERS RELATING TO BLOOD 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于非侵入性和微量入侵感染参数相关血液的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20100152591A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-17
申请号：US12618614
申请日：2009-11-13
申请人： Zengpin Yu , Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , Xuefeng Cheng , Daniel Hwan Kim
发明人： Zengpin Yu , Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , Xuefeng Cheng , Daniel Hwan Kim
IPC分类号： A61B5/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/14552 , A61B5/0051 , A61B5/029 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/1459 , A61B8/00 , A61B8/12
摘要： A system and method for monitoring one or more parameters relating to blood, such as cardiac output, of a patient is provided. The system preferably includes an acoustic energy transducer unit configured and positioned to transmit acoustic energy into a target structure, preferably a blood vessel, within the patient so as to induce a measurable change, preferably a change in blood volume, within the target structure. The transducer unit can be an ultrasonic array, annular array, or groups thereof, or a single element transducer. The unit can also be a vibrator or acoustic loudspeaker. An optical transmitter transmits light into the target structure, and an optical receiver senses light scattered from within the target structure. The blood parameter can then be estimated from the sensed scattered radiation. Relative blood oxygen saturation in the blood vessel can be estimated by transmitting two wavelengths to measure oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于监测与患者血液（例如心输出量）相关的一个或多个参数的系统和方法。该系统优选地包括声能换能器单元，其被配置和定位成将声能传递到患者体内的目标结构，优选血管，以便在目标结构内引起可测量的变化，优选血容量的变化。换能器单元可以是超声波阵列，环形阵列或其组，或单个元件换能器。该单元也可以是振动器或声音扬声器。光学发射器将光发射到目标结构中，并且光学接收器感测从目标结构内散射的光。然后可以从感测的散射辐射估计血液参数。可以通过传输两个波长来估计血管中的相对血氧饱和度来测量氧血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白。

9. 发明申请

US20090301550A1 FOCUSED ACOUSTIC PRINTING OF PATTERNED PHOTOVOLTAIC MATERIALS 审中-公开
标题翻译：聚焦光电材料的聚焦印刷
公开(公告)号：US20090301550A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-10
申请号：US12329325
申请日：2008-12-05
申请人： Thomas Hunt , Christopher Rivest , Mark Topinka , Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub
发明人： Thomas Hunt , Christopher Rivest , Mark Topinka , Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub
IPC分类号： H01L31/00 , B41J29/38
CPC分类号： H01L31/0392 , B41J2/04505 , B41J2/04528 , B41J2/04553 , B41J2/04575 , B82Y20/00 , H01L31/035236 , H01L31/03923 , H01L31/03925 , Y02E10/541 , Y02P70/521
摘要： Photovoltaic material is printed on a substrate using acoustic printing, to produce solar cells. Acoustic printheads are configured to eject droplets of photovoltaic material to positions on the substrate, responsive to focused acoustic energy provided by acoustic ejectors in the acoustic printheads, to print a film of the photovoltaic material. A positioning system is configured to position the acoustic printheads with respect to the substrate. A feedback system controls the acoustic ejection of the droplets of photovoltaic material by the acoustic printheads or the positioning of the acoustic printheads with respect to the substrate by the positioning system, based on feedback data indicative of characteristics of the printed film. The acoustic printheads are designed optimally for printing of photovoltaic material for solar cells in single scans in only one direction of the substrate. Solar cells can be manufactured at low cost and with high throughput using acoustic printing.
摘要翻译：使用声学印刷将光伏材料印刷在基板上，以产生太阳能电池。声学打印头被配置为响应于在声学打印头中由声学喷射器提供的聚焦声能来将光伏材料的液滴喷射到基板上的位置，以印刷光伏材料的膜。定位系统被配置为相对于基底定位声学打印头。反馈系统基于指示印刷膜特性的反馈数据，通过声学打印头控制光伏材料的液滴的声学喷射或通过定位系统相对于基板的定位。声学打印头被设计成最佳地用于在仅在基板的一个方向上的单次扫描中印刷用于太阳能电池的光伏材料。太阳能电池可以低成本制造，并且使用声学印刷具有高产量。

10. 发明授权

US06430109B1 Array of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer elements with through wafer via connections 有权
标题翻译：具有通过晶圆通孔连接的电容微加工超声换能器元件阵列
公开(公告)号：US06430109B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-06
申请号：US09667203
申请日：2000-09-21
申请人： Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , F. Levent Degertekin , Sam Calmes , Xuecheng Jin
发明人： Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub , F. Levent Degertekin , Sam Calmes , Xuecheng Jin
IPC分类号： H04R1900
CPC分类号： H01L21/76898 , B06B1/0292 , H01L23/481 , H01L2224/05568 , H01L2224/05573 , H01L2224/131 , H01L2224/16145 , H01L2924/00014 , H01L2924/014 , H01L2224/05599
摘要： There is described a cMUT array with transducer elements which include a plurality of cells with membranes formed on one surface of a wafer. Voltages applied between said spaced electrodes drive said membranes. The voltages applied to said electrodes are applied from the opposite surface of the wafer through the wafer and through vias formed in the wafer.
摘要翻译：描述了具有换能器元件的cMUT阵列，其包括形成在晶片的一个表面上的膜的多个单元。施加在所述间隔开的电极之间的电压驱动所述膜。施加到所述电极的电压从晶片的相对表面通过晶片和通过形成在晶片中的通孔施加。

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