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1. 发明申请

WO2006036697A2 TITANIUM OXIDE AND ALUMINA ALKALI METAL COMPOSTIONS 审中-公开
标题翻译：氧化钛和氧化铝碱金属组合物
公开(公告)号：WO2006036697A2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-06
申请号：PCT/US2005/033823
申请日：2005-09-22
申请人： SIGNA CHEMISTRY LLC , MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY , LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L.
发明人： LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L.
IPC分类号： B01J23/04 , C07F1/02 , C07C17/25
CPC分类号： C01G23/00 , B01J21/04 , B01J21/063 , B01J23/04 , B01J35/1061 , B01J35/1066 , B01J37/0081 , B01J37/0201 , B01J37/023 , B01J37/08 , C01B3/042 , C01B3/065 , C01B3/08 , C01P2006/16 , C07C1/26 , C07C2/861 , C07C5/324 , C07C17/23 , C07C2521/04 , C07C2521/06 , C07C2523/04 , Y02E60/362 , Y02E60/364 , C07C15/18 , C07C15/20
摘要： The invention relates to Group 1 metal/porous metal oxide compositions comprising porous metal oxide selected from porous titanium oxide and porous alumina and an alkali metal or an alkali metal alloy. The compositions of the inventions are described as Stage 0 and I materials. These materials differ in their preparation and chemical reactivity. Each successive stage may be prepared directly using the methods described below or from an earlier stage material. Stage 0 materials may, for example, be prepared using liquid alloys of Na and K which are rapidly absorbed by porous metal oxide under isothermal conditions, preferably at or just above room temperature, to form loose black powders that retain much of the reducing ability of the parent metals. When the low melting Group 1 metals are absorbed into the porous metal oxide at about 150°C, an exothermic reaction produces Stage I material, loose black powders that are stable in dry air. Further heating forms higher stage materials of unknown composition. It is believed that Stage I higher materials represent reductions of the porous metal oxide after absorption of the Group 1 metal. Preferred Group 1 metal/porous metal oxide compositions of the invention are those containing sodium, potassium, or sodium-potassium alloys with sodium and sodium-potassium alloys being most preferred. Each stage of the Group 1 metal/porous metal oxide composition of the invention may be used as a reducing agent reacting with a number of reducible organic materials in the same manner known for alkali metals and their alloys.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及包含选自多孔氧化钛和多孔氧化铝的多孔金属氧化物和碱金属或碱金属合金的第1族金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物。本发明的组合物被描述为阶段0和I材料。这些材料的制备和化学反应性不同。可以使用下述方法或从较早阶段的材料直接制备每个连续阶段。阶段0材料可以例如使用Na和K的液体合金制备，其在等温条件下优选在或刚好高于室温下被多孔金属氧化物快速吸收，形成松散的黑色粉末，其保留大量的还原能力母体金属。当低熔点的第1族金属在约150℃下被吸收到多孔金属氧化物中时，放热反应产生阶段I材料，在干燥空气中稳定的松散的黑色粉末。进一步加热形成未知组成的较高级材料。据信，第一阶段较高的材料表示吸收第1族金属后多孔金属氧化物的减少。优选的本发明的第1族金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物是含有钠，钾或钠 - 钾合金的那些，其中钠和钠 - 钾合金是最优选的。本发明的第1族金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物的每个阶段可以以与碱金属及其合金已知的相同方式用作与许多可还原的有机材料反应的还原剂。

2. 发明申请

WO2005123586A3 SILICIDE COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING ALKALI METALS AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2005123586A3
公开(公告)日：2005-12-29
申请号：PCT/US2005/020766
申请日：2005-06-14
申请人： SIGNA CHEMISTRY LLC , MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY , LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L.
发明人： LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L.
IPC分类号： C01B25/01
摘要： The invention relates to a method of making alkali metal silicide compositions, and the compositions resulting from the method, comprising miring an alkali metal with silicon and heating the resulting mixture to a temperature below about 475 °C. The resulting compositions do not react with dry O 2 . Also, the invention relates to sodium silicide compositions having a powder X-ray diffraction pattern comprising at least three peaks with 2Theta angles selected from about 18.2, 28.5, 29.5, 33.7, 41.2, 47.4, and 56.2 and a solid state 23 Na MAS NMR spectra peak at about 18 ppm. Moreover, the invention relates to methods of removing a volatile or flammable substance in a controlled manner. Furthermore, the alkali metal silicide compositions of the invention react with water to produce hydrogen gas.

3. 发明申请

WO2008131270A1 METHOD FOR GENERATING ALKALI METAL PHOSPHIDES THROUGH REDUCTION OF TRI-SUBSTITUTED PHOSPHINES WITH ALKALI METAL POROUS OXIDE COMPOSITIONS 审中-公开
标题翻译：通过碱性金属多孔氧化物组合物还原三取代磷酸盐生成碱性金属磷酸盐的方法
公开(公告)号：WO2008131270A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-30
申请号：PCT/US2008/060888
申请日：2008-04-18
申请人： SIGNA CHEMISTRY, LLC , MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY , LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L. , NANDI, Partha , JACKSON, James
发明人： LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L. , NANDI, Partha , JACKSON, James
IPC分类号： C07F9/50
CPC分类号： C07F9/5022
摘要： Alkali metal phosphides are useful intermediates for the synthesis of a variety of phosphine derivatives. Many of these phosphine derivatives are important industrial compounds with applications as synthetic intermediates or as ligands in a variety of homogeneous and heterogeneous synthetic processes. Alkali metal diarylphosphides in particular have been used in the synthesis of many phosphine ligands of importance. The invention relates to methods for generating and using alkali metal phosphides by reduction of the phosphorus sigma bonds of tri-substituted phosphorus derivatives with Group I metal/porous oxide compositions. Formula (I).
摘要翻译：碱金属磷化物是合成各种膦衍生物的有用中间体。这些膦衍生物中的许多是重要的工业化合物，其作为合成中间体或作为各种均相和异质合成方法中的配体。碱金属二芳基磷化物特别用于合成许多重要的膦配体。本发明涉及通过用III族金属/多孔氧化物组合物还原三取代磷衍生物的磷硅键来产生和使用碱金属磷化物的方法。式（I）。

4. 发明申请

WO2008031101A2 LITHIUM-POROUS METAL OXIDE COMPOSITIONS AND LITHIUM REAGENT-POROUS METAL COMPOSITIONS 审中-公开
标题翻译：锂金属氧化物组合物和锂试剂多孔金属组合物
公开(公告)号：WO2008031101A2
公开(公告)日：2008-03-13
申请号：PCT/US2007/078048
申请日：2007-09-10
申请人： SIGNA CHEMISTRY, LLC , LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L. , NANDI, Partha , JACKSON, James
发明人： LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L. , NANDI, Partha , JACKSON, James
IPC分类号： H01M4/40
CPC分类号： C07F1/02 , C01C1/026 , C01D15/00 , C01P2002/86 , C01P2002/87 , C01P2002/89 , C01P2006/16 , Y02P20/52
摘要： The invention relates to lithium metal/porous metal oxide compositions. These lithium metal compositions are prepared by mixing liquid lithium metal with a porous metal oxide in an inert atmosphere under exothermic conditions sufficient to absorb the liquid lithium metal into the porous metal oxide pores. The lithium metal/porous metal oxide compositions of the invention are preferably loaded with lithium metal up to about 40% by weight, with about 20% to 40% by weight being the most preferred loading. The invention also relates to lithium reagent-porous metal oxide compositions having RLi absorbed into a porous oxide. In formula RLi, R is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, an alkaryl group, or an NR 1 R 2 group; R 1 is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, an alkaryl group; and R 2 is hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, and an alkaryl group. The preparation and use of these compositions are also described.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及锂金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物。这些锂金属组合物通过在惰性气氛中将液态锂金属与多孔金属氧化物混合，在足以将液态锂金属吸收到多孔金属氧化物孔中的放热条件下来制备。本发明的锂金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物优选负载高达约40重量％的锂金属，其中最优选的负载量为约20重量％至40重量％。本发明还涉及具有吸收到多孔氧化物中的RLi的锂试剂多孔金属氧化物组合物。在式RLi中，R是烷基，烯基，炔基，芳基，烷芳基或NR 1 R 2 O 2基; R 1是烷基，烯基，炔基，芳基，烷芳基; R 2是氢，烷基，烯基，炔基，芳基和烷芳基。还描述了这些组合物的制备和用途。

5. 发明申请

WO2007095276A2 METHOD FOR DEPROTECTING ARYL OR ALKYL SULFONAMIDES OF PRIMARY OR SECONDARY AMINES 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于去除主要或次要氨基的亚芳基或亚氨基磺酰胺的方法
公开(公告)号：WO2007095276A2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-23
申请号：PCT/US2007/003874
申请日：2007-02-13
申请人： SIGNA CHEMISTRY, LLC , LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L. , NANDI, Partha , JACKSON, James
发明人： LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L. , NANDI, Partha , JACKSON, James
CPC分类号： C07D211/96 , C07C209/62 , C07C213/08 , C07C2601/14 , Y02P20/55 , C07C211/35 , C07C211/40 , C07C211/45 , C07C217/08
摘要： The invention relates to a method for removing an alkyl sulfonyl or aryl sulfonyl protecting group from a primary or secondary amine by contacting an alkyl sulfonamide or an aryl sulfonamide with a Stage 0 or Stage I alkali metal - silica gel material in the presence of a solid proton source under conditions sufficient to form the corresponding amine. The invention also relates to a method for removing an alkyl sulfonyl or aryl sulfonyl protecting group from a primary or secondary amine by a) reacting an alkyl sulfonamide or an aryl sulfonamide with a Stage 0 or Stage I alkali metal - silica gel material, and b) subsequently reacting the reaction product from step a) with an electrophile or a proton source. Preferred Stage 0 or Stage I alkali metal - silica gel materials include Na, K 2 Na, and Na 2 K.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及通过在固体存在下使烷基磺酰胺或芳基磺酰胺与阶段0或阶段I碱金属 - 硅胶材料接触来从伯胺或仲胺除去烷基磺酰基或芳基磺酰基保护基的方法质子源在足以形成相应胺的条件下。本发明还涉及通过以下步骤从伯胺或仲胺除去烷基磺酰基或芳基磺酰基保护基的方法：a）使烷基磺酰胺或芳基磺酰胺与阶段0或阶段I碱金属 - 硅胶材料反应，b ）随后使来自步骤a）的反应产物与亲电试剂或质子源反应。优选的阶段0或阶段I碱金属 - 硅胶材料包括Na，K 2 Na和Na 2 K。

6. 发明申请

WO2005051839A2 SILICA GEL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING ALKALI METALS AND ALKALI METAL ALLOYS 审中-公开
标题翻译：含有碱金属和碱金属合金的二氧化硅凝胶组合物
公开(公告)号：WO2005051839A2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-09
申请号：PCT/US2004/039304
申请日：2004-11-24
申请人： LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L.
发明人： LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James, L.
IPC分类号： C01B
CPC分类号： B01J35/002 , B01J20/02 , B01J20/103 , B01J20/28047 , B01J20/28078 , B01J20/28097 , B01J20/281 , B01J20/291 , B01J20/3078 , B01J20/3204 , B01J20/3236 , B01J23/04 , B01J37/023 , B01J37/08 , B01J2220/42 , B01J2220/54 , B01J2220/56 , B01J2220/58 , C01B3/001 , C01B3/06 , C07C2/861 , C07C2/868 , C07D333/76 , Y02E60/324 , Y02E60/36 , C07C15/18 , C07C15/14
摘要： The invention relates to Group 1 metal/silica gel compositions comprising silica gel and an alkali metal or an alkali metal alloy. The compositions of the inventions are described as Stage 0, I, II, and III materials. These materials differ in their preparation and chemical reactivity. Each successive stage may be prepared directly using the methods described below or from an earlier stage material. Stage 0 materials may, for example, be prepared using liquid alloys of Na and K which are rapidly absorbed by silica gel (porous Si02) under isothermal conditions, preferably at or just above room temperature, to form loose black powders that retain much of the reducing ability of the parent metals. When the low melting Group 1 metals are absorbed into the silica gel, a mild exothermic reaction produces Stage I material, loose black powders that are indefinitely stable in dry air. Subsequent heating to 400°C produces Stage II materials, which are also loose black powders. Further heating above 400°C forms Stage III material with release of some Group 1 metal. It is believed that Stage I, II and III materials represent reductions of the silica gel after absorption of the Group 1 metal. Preferred Group 1 metal/silica gel compositions of the invention are those containing sodium, potassium, or sodium-potassium alloys with sodium and sodium- potassium alloys being most preferred. Each stage of the Group 1 metal/silica gel composition of the invention may be used as a reducing agent reacting with a number of reducible organic materials in the same manner known for alkali metals and their alloys.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及包含硅胶和碱金属或碱金属合金的第1族金属/硅胶组合物。本发明的组合物被描述为阶段0，I，II和III材料。这些材料的制备和化学反应性不同。可以使用下述方法或从较早阶段的材料直接制备每个连续阶段。阶段0材料可以例如使用Na和K的液体合金来制备，其在等温条件下优选在或高于室温在硅胶（多孔SiO 2）下快速吸收，形成松散的黑色粉末，其保留大部分降低母体金属的能力。当低熔点的第1族金属被吸收到硅胶中时，温和的放热反应产生阶段I材料，在干燥空气中无限稳定的松散的黑色粉末。随后加热至400°C产生阶段II材料，它们也是松散的黑色粉末。在400°C以上的进一步加热形成III型材料，释放出一些第1组金属。据认为，I，II和III族材料表示吸收第1族金属后硅胶的减少。本发明优选的第1族金属/硅胶组合物是含钠，钾或钠 - 钾合金的那些，其中钠和钠 - 钾合金是最优选的。本发明的第1族金属/硅胶组合物的每个阶段可以以与碱金属及其合金已知的相同的方式用作与许多可还原的有机材料反应的还原剂。

7. 发明申请

WO2009092004A2 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DELIVERING TARGETED CONTENT 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于传递目标内容的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO2009092004A2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-23
申请号：PCT/US2009/031287
申请日：2009-01-16
申请人： RADIUS INNOVATIONS , LEFENFELD, Michael , DAVIS, Randall
发明人： LEFENFELD, Michael , DAVIS, Randall
IPC分类号： G06Q30/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06Q30/0277 , G06Q30/02
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention permit a user to receive content that is directly targeted to that particular user's interests, including a method for targeting content that is arranged on a page that is displayable by a computing device, including the steps of displaying a list of categories of available advertising content, wherein the available advertising content is stored in a database, receiving a selection of at least one of the categories of the advertising content from a user, selecting advertising content from the database that corresponds to the selection of categories received from the user, and transmitting a page including the selected advertising content to a computing device for display on the computing device, In addition, embodiments of the present invention allow the tracking of content from when it is initially shared, to when revenue is generated based on an action of a user on the shared content portion.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例允许用户接收直接针对该特定用户兴趣的内容，包括用于定位布置在可由计算设备显示的页面上的内容的方法，包括以下步骤：显示类别列表可用的广告内容，其中所述可用的广告内容存储在数据库中，从用户接收对所述广告内容的类别中的至少一个的选择，从所述数据库中选择与从所述广告内容接收的类别的选择相对应的广告内容用户，以及将包括所选择的广告内容的页面发送到计算设备以在计算设备上显示。此外，本发明的实施例允许从最初共享的内容跟踪内容到基于用户对共享内容部分的动作。

8. 发明申请

WO2010114849A1 HYDROGEN GENERATION SYSTEMS AND METHODS UTILIZING SODIUM SILICIDE AND SODIUM SILICA GEL MATERIALS 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用硅酸钠和二氧化硅凝胶材料的氢生成系统和方法
公开(公告)号：WO2010114849A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-07
申请号：PCT/US2010/029257
申请日：2010-03-30
申请人： SIGNA CHEMISTRY, INC. , WALLACE, Andrew, P. , MELACK, John , LEFENFELD, Michael
发明人： WALLACE, Andrew, P. , MELACK, John , LEFENFELD, Michael
IPC分类号： B01J7/00
CPC分类号： B01J7/02 , C01B3/06 , C01B3/065 , H01M8/0606 , Y02E60/324 , Y02E60/362
摘要： Systems, devices, and methods combine reactant materials and aqueous solutions to generate hydrogen. The reactant materials can sodium suicide or sodium silica gel. The hydrogen generation devices are used in fuels cells and other industrial applications. One system combines cooling, pumping, water storage, and other devices to sense and control reactions between reactant materials and aqueous solutions to generate hydrogen. Multiple inlets of varied placement geometries deliver aqueous solution to the reaction. The reactant materials and aqueous solution are churned to control the state of the reaction. The aqueous solution can be recycled and returned to the reaction. One system operates over a range of temperatures and pressures and includes a hydrogen separator, a heat removal mechanism, and state of reaction control devices. The systems, devices, and methods of generating hydrogen provide thermally stable solids, near-instant reaction with the aqueous solutions, and a non-toxic liquid by-product.
摘要翻译：系统，装置和方法结合了反应物料和水溶液产生氢气。反应物料可以是硅化钠或硅胶。氢气发生装置用于燃料电池和其他工业应用。一个系统结合冷却，泵送，储水和其他装置来感测和控制反应物料和水溶液之间的反应以产生氢气。多种放置几何的入口将水溶液输送到反应中。搅拌反应物料和水溶液以控制反应的状态。水溶液可循环使用并返回反应。一个系统在一定范围的温度和压力下工作，并且包括氢分离器，散热机构和反应控制装置的状态。产生氢气的系统，装置和方法提供热稳定的固体，与水溶液接近即时的反应和无毒的液体副产物。

9. 发明申请

WO2014152779A1 TREATMENT OF ALKALI SILICA GEL AND ALKALI POROUS METAL OXIDE COMPOSITIONS 审中-公开
标题翻译：阿尔卡利二氧化硅凝胶和碱性金属氧化物组合物的处理
公开(公告)号：WO2014152779A1
公开(公告)日：2014-09-25
申请号：PCT/US2014/027724
申请日：2014-03-14
申请人： SIGNA CHEMISTRY, INC. , BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
发明人： LEFENFELD, Michael , DYE, James
IPC分类号： C07F1/00 , B01J23/04 , B01J21/08
CPC分类号： B01J37/14 , B01J21/08 , B01J23/04 , B01J33/00
摘要： A method for treating Group 1 metal/silica gel compositions that are pyrophoric is provided to convert them into Group 1 metal/silica gel compositions that are no longer pyrophoric. A method for treating Group 1 metal/porous metal oxide compositions that are pyrophoric is provided to convert them into Group 1 metal/porous metal oxide compositions that are no longer pyrophoric. The pyrophoric Group 1 metal/silica gel composition or the pyrophoric Group 1 metal/porous metal oxide composition is treated with a low amount of dry oxygen or low concentration of dry oxygen mixture to convert them into compositions that are no longer pyrophoric or reactive with dry oxygen or air.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于处理自发性的第1族金属/硅胶组合物的方法，以将它们转化为不再自燃的第1族金属/硅胶组合物。提供了一种用于处理发火的第1族金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物的方法，以将它们转化成不再发火的第1族金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物。自燃1族金属/硅胶组合物或自燃1族金属/多孔金属氧化物组合物用低量的干氧或低浓度的干氧混合物处理，以将它们转化为不再发火或与干燥反应的组合物氧气或空气。

10. 发明申请

WO2012174255A1 ENHANCED CRUDE OIL RECOVERY USING METAL SILICIDES 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用金属硅胶增强原油恢复
公开(公告)号：WO2012174255A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-20
申请号：PCT/US2012/042482
申请日：2012-06-14
申请人： SIGNA CHEMISTRY, INC. , KRUMRINE, Paul, H. , FALCONE, James, S. , LEFENFELD, Michael
发明人： KRUMRINE, Paul, H. , FALCONE, James, S. , LEFENFELD, Michael
IPC分类号： E21B43/267
CPC分类号： E21B33/14 , C04B7/02 , C09K8/46 , C09K8/58 , E02D3/12 , E21B33/138 , E21B43/24 , E21B43/2408
摘要： Enhanced oil recovery techniques include introduction of alkali metal silicides into subterranean reservoirs to generate hydrogen gas, heat, and alkali metal silicate solutions in situ upon contact with water. The alkali metal silicides, such as sodium silicide, are used to recover hydrocarbons, including heavier crudes where viscosity and low reservoir pressure are limiting factors. Hydrogen, which is miscible with the crude oil and can beneficiate the heavier fractions into lighter fractions naturally or with addition of catalytic materials, is generated in-situ. It. Heat is also generated at the reaction site to reduce viscosity and promote crude beneficiation. The resulting alkaline silicate solution saponifies acidic crude components to form surfactants which emulsify the crude to improve mobility toward a production well. The silicate promotes profile modification passively via consumptive reactions or actively via addition of acidic gelling agents.
摘要翻译：增强的油回收技术包括将碱金属硅化物引入地下储层以在与水接触时原位产生氢气，热和碱金属硅酸盐溶液。使用诸如硅化钠的碱金属硅化物来回收烃，包括较重的原油，其中粘度和低储层压力是限制因素。氢原子与原油混溶，可以将天然或加入催化物质的较重馏分从原料中精制而成。它。在反应部位也产生热，以降低粘度，促进粗选。所得碱性硅酸盐溶液皂化酸性粗组分以形成乳化原油的表面活性剂，以改善生产井的流动性。硅酸盐通过消耗性反应被动地促进形态修饰，或通过加入酸性胶凝剂来主动地促进形态修饰。

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