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1. 发明申请

WO1995020253A2 USING LASERS TO FABRICATE COATINGS ON SUBSTRATES 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用激光在衬底上织造涂层
公开(公告)号：WO1995020253A2
公开(公告)日：1995-07-27
申请号：PCT/US1995000782
申请日：1995-01-17
申请人： QQC, INC. , MISTRY, Pravin , TURCHAN, Manuel
发明人： QQC, INC.
IPC分类号： H01S00/00
CPC分类号： B05D3/06 , B23K26/0604 , B23K26/0622 , C23C14/0605 , C23C14/22 , C23C14/28 , C23C16/26 , C23C16/27 , C23C16/4418 , C30B23/02 , C30B25/105 , C30B25/18 , C30B29/04
摘要： Laser energy is directed at a substrate to mobilize, vaporize and react a constituent (primary) element (e.g., carbon) contained within the substrate, so as to modify the composition (e.g., crystalline structure) of the constituent element, and to diffuse the modified constituent back into the substrate, as an adjunct to fabricating a coating (e.g., diamond or diamond-like carbon) on the surface of the substrate. This creates a conversion zone immediately beneath the substrate, which transitions metallurgically from the composition of the underlying substrate to a composition of the coating being fabricated on the surface of the substrate, which results in diffusion bonding of the coating to the substrate. Additional (secondary) similar (e.g., carbon) or dissimilar elements may be introduced in a reaction zone on and above the surface of the substrate to augment the fabrication of and to determine the composition of the coating. The laser energy is provided by a combination of an excimer laser, and Nd: YAG laser and a CO2 laser, the output beams of which are preferably directed through a nozzle delivering the secondary element to the reaction zone. The reaction zone is shielded by an inert (non-reactive) shielding gas (e.g., N2) delivered through the nozzle. A flat plasma is created by the lasers, constituent element and secondary element on the surface of the substrate and the flat plasma optionally extends around the edges of the substrate to fabricate a coating thereon. Pre-treatment and coating fabrication can be performed in conjunction with one another (in-situ). Alternatively, a substrate can be pre-treated to characterize its surface for subsequent coating. In either case, certain advantageous metallurgical changes are induced in the substrate due to the pre-treatment. The processes (pre-treatment and coating fabrication) are suitably performed in ambient, without preheating the substrate and without a vacuum. Substrates of numerous geometries, sizes and shapes, such as flat cutting tool inserts as well as round cutting tools, are readily coated in this manner. The lasers are directed at any suitable angle (including coaxial) relative to the substrate and/or the plasma.
摘要翻译：激光能量被引导到衬底上以动员，蒸发并反应包含在衬底内的成分（主要）元素（例如，碳），以便改变构成元素的组成（例如晶体结构），并且扩散改进的组分返回到基底中，作为在基底表面上制造涂层（例如，金刚石或类金刚石碳）的辅助物。这在基底的正下方产生转化区，该转化区从冶金学上从下面的基底的组成转变成在基底的表面上制造的涂层组合物，这导致涂层扩散到基底上。可以在衬底表面上和上方的反应区中引入另外的（次级）类似（例如碳）或不同元素，以增加涂层的组成并确定涂层的组成。激光能量由准分子激光器和Nd：YAG激光器和CO2激光器的组合提供，其输出光束优选地通过将次要元件传送到反应区域的喷嘴引导。反应区被通过喷嘴输送的惰性（非反应性）保护气体（例如N 2）屏蔽。由衬底表面上的激光器，构成元件和次要元件产生平坦的等离子体，并且平坦的等离子体可选择地围绕衬底的边缘延伸以在其上制造涂层。预处理和涂层制造可以彼此结合（原位）进行。或者，可以对基底进行预处理以表征其表面以用于随后的涂覆。在任一情况下，由于预处理，在衬底中诱发某些有利的冶金变化。工艺（预处理和涂覆制造）在环境温度下适当地进行，而不预热基板并且没有真空。具有许多几何形状，尺寸和形状的基底，例如平切刀具刀片以及圆形刀具，以这种方式容易地涂覆。激光器相对于衬底和/或等离子体指向任何合适的角度（包括同轴）。

2. 发明申请

WO1996006700A3 NANOSCALE PARTICLES, AND USES FOR SAME 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO1996006700A3
公开(公告)日：1996-03-07
申请号：PCT/US1995010815
申请日：1995-08-25
申请人： QQC, INC. , LIU, Shengzhong , MISTRY, Pravin , TURCHAN, Manuel, C.
发明人： QQC, INC.
IPC分类号： B22F09/14

3. 发明申请

WO1995031584A1 SURFACE TREATMENT TECHNIQUES 审中-公开
标题翻译：表面处理技术
公开(公告)号：WO1995031584A1
公开(公告)日：1995-11-23
申请号：PCT/US1995005941
申请日：1995-05-11
申请人： QQC, INC. , MISTRY, Pravin , TURCHAN, Manuel, C.
发明人： QQC, INC.
IPC分类号： C23C16/48
CPC分类号： C23C16/27 , C23C14/22 , C23C14/28 , C23C16/26 , C30B25/105 , C30B29/04
摘要： Energy, such as from a UV excimer laser (712), an infrared Nd:YAG laser (714) and an infrared CO2 laser (716) is directed through a nozzle (722) at the surface of a substrate (702) to mobilize and vaporize a carbon constituent (e.g., carbide) within the substrate (e.g., steel). An additional secondary source (e.g., a carbon-containing gas, such as CO2) (720) and an inert shielding gas (e.g., N2) are also delivered through the nozzle. The vaporized constituent element is reacted by the energy to alter its physical structure (e.g., from carbon to diamond) to that of a composite material which is diffused back into the substrate as a composite material.
摘要翻译：例如来自UV准分子激光器（712），红外Nd：YAG激光器（714）和红外CO 2激光器（716）的能量被引导通过在基底（702）的表面处的喷嘴（722）在基体（例如钢）内蒸发碳成分（如碳化物）。附加的二次源（例如含碳气体，例如CO 2）（720）和惰性保护气体（例如N 2）也通过喷嘴输送。蒸发的构成元素通过能量反应以改变其物理结构（例如，从碳到金刚石）到作为复合材料漫反射到基底中的复合材料的物理结构。

4. 发明申请

WO1996005337A1 FORMATION OF DIAMOND MATERIALS BY RAPID-HEATING AND RAPID-QUENCHING OF CARBON-CONTAINING MATERIALS 审中-公开
标题翻译：通过快速加热形成金刚石材料和快速检测含碳材料
公开(公告)号：WO1996005337A1
公开(公告)日：1996-02-22
申请号：PCT/US1995010034
申请日：1995-08-09
申请人： QQC, INC. , MISTRY, Pravin , LIU, Shengzhong
发明人： QQC, INC.
IPC分类号： C30B01/00
CPC分类号： C30B29/04 , C01B32/25 , C30B1/00
摘要： Diamond materials are formed by sandwiching a carbon-containing material (106) in a gap between two electrodes (102 and 104). A high amperage current is applied by power supply (110) between the two electrode plates so as to cause rapid heating of the carbon-containing material. The current is sufficient to elevate the temperature of the carbon-containing material over 1000 DEG C. The carbon-containing material is then rapidly quenched by a heatsink (130). The heatsink can be in contact with one of the electrodes. This process is repeated until the diamond has formed. Also, a shielding or inert gas (140 and 142) is used during the process.
摘要翻译：通过将含碳材料（106）夹在两个电极（102和104）之间的间隙中形成金刚石材料。在两个电极板之间通过电源（110）施加高安培电流，以使含碳材料快速加热。电流足以使含碳材料的温度升高超过1000℃。然后通过散热器（130）快速淬火含碳材料。散热器可以与一个电极接触。重复该过程，直到形成钻石。此外，在该过程中使用屏蔽或惰性气体（140和142）。

5. 发明申请

WO1997048651A2 METHOD OF MAKING ULTRAFINE MATERIALS INCLUDING METALS, CERAMICS, AND DIAMONDS 审中-公开
标题翻译：制造包括金属，陶瓷和金刚石的超细材料的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1997048651A2
公开(公告)日：1997-12-24
申请号：PCT/US1997010633
申请日：1997-06-20
申请人： QQC, INC.
发明人： QQC, INC. , LIU, Shengzhong , MISTRY, Pravin
IPC分类号： C04B00/00
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , C01B32/25 , C01B32/956 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2004/64
摘要： A method of making ultrafine materials including metals, ceramics, and diamonds is disclosed. The general steps for producing these materials include: (1) introducing at least one precursor material having a high absorption coefficient into a reaction sytem; (2) providing at least one energy source to rapidly dissociate and ionize said precursor material so as to produce an ultrafine material; and (3) cooling the ultrafine materials to prevent agglomeration.
摘要翻译：公开了一种制造超细材料的方法，包括金属，陶瓷和金刚石。制造这些材料的一般步骤包括：（1）将至少一种具有高吸收系数的前体材料引入反应体系中; （2）提供至少一个能量源以快速解离并离子化所述前体材料，以便产生超细材料; 和（3）冷却超细材料以防止附聚。

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