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41. 发明申请

WO2005119730A2 X-RAY SOURCE WITH NONPARALLEL GEOMETRY 审中-公开
标题翻译： X射线源与非对称几何
公开(公告)号：WO2005119730A2
公开(公告)日：2005-12-15
申请号：PCT/US2005/018156
申请日：2005-05-23
申请人： CABOT MICROELECTRONICS CORPORATION
发明人： LESIAK, Stanley , BUSTA, Heinz , ZWICKER, Bruce
IPC分类号： H01J35/00
CPC分类号： H01J35/065 , G21K5/02 , H01J35/08 , H01J2235/062 , H01J2235/068 , H01J2235/086 , H01J2235/163
摘要： An improved x-ray generation system produces a converging or diverging radiation pattern particularly suited for substantially cylindrical or spherical treatment devices. In an embodiment, the system comprises a closed or concave outer wall about a closed or concave inner wall. An electron emitter is situated on the inside surface of the outer wall, while a target film is situated on the outside surface of the inner wall. An extraction voltage at the emitter extracts electrons which are accelerated toward the inner wall by an acceleration voltage. Alternately, electron emission may be by thermionic means. Collisions of electrons with the target film causes x-ray emission, a substantial portion of which is directed through the inner wall into the space defined within. In an embodiment, the location of the emitter and target film are reversed, establishing a reflective rather than transmissive mode for convergent patterns and a transmissive mode for divergent patterns.
摘要翻译：改进的x射线产生系统产生特别适用于大致圆柱形或球形处理装置的会聚或发散辐射图。在一个实施例中，系统包括围绕封闭或凹入的内壁的封闭或凹入的外壁。电子发射体位于外壁的内表面上，而靶膜位于内壁的外表面上。发射极处的提取电压提取通过加速电压向内壁加速的电子。或者，电子发射可以通过热电子方式。电子与目标膜的碰撞导致x射线发射，其大部分被引导通过内壁进入限定在其内的空间。在一个实施例中，发射器和目标膜的位置被反转，建立用于会聚图案的反射而不是透射模式和用于发散图案的透射模式。

42. 发明申请

WO2003063195A1 LARGE-AREA INDIVIDUALLY ADDRESSABLE MULTI-BEAM X-RAY SYSTEM 审中-公开
标题翻译：大面积个别寻址多波束X射线系统
公开(公告)号：WO2003063195A1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-31
申请号：PCT/US2003/000537
申请日：2003-01-09
申请人： THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA - CHAPEL HILL , ZHOU, Otto, Z. , LU, Jianping , QIU, Qi
发明人： ZHOU, Otto, Z. , LU, Jianping , QIU, Qi
IPC分类号： H01J35/00
CPC分类号： H01J35/14 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/4028 , B82Y10/00 , H01J35/065 , H01J35/22 , H01J2201/30469 , H01J2235/064 , H01J2235/068 , H05G1/34
摘要： A structure to generate x-rays has a plurality of stationary and individually electrically addressable field emissive electron sources (402) with a substrate composed of a field emissive material, such as carbon nanotubes. Electrically switching the field emissive electron sources at a predetermined frequency field emits electrons in a programmable sequence toward an incidence point on a target. The generated x-rays correspond in frequency and in position to that of the field emissive electron source. The large-area target (404) and array or matrix of emitters (402) can image objects (416) from different positions and/or angles without moving the object or the structure (400) and can produce a three dimensional image. The x-ray system is suitable for a variety of applications including industrial inspection/quality control. Analytical instruments, security systems such as airport security inspection systems and medical imaging, such as computed tomography.
摘要翻译：用于产生X射线的结构具有多个具有由诸如碳纳米管之类的场发射材料构成的衬底的固定和单独可电寻址的场发射电子源（402）。以预定频率电场电场切换场致发射电子源以可编程序列朝向目标上的入射点发射电子。产生的x射线的频率和位置与场发射电子源的频率和位置相对应。大面积目标（404）和发射器（402）的阵列或矩阵可以从不同位置和/或角度对物体（416）进行成像，而不移动物体或结构（400）并且可以产生三维图像。 x射线系统适用于各种应用，包括工业检测/质量控制。分析仪器，安全系统，如机场安全检查系统和医学成像，如计算机断层扫描。

43. 发明申请

WO0245122A3 COLD-PLATE WINDOW IN A METAL-FRAME X-RAY INSERT 审中-公开
标题翻译：金属框架X射线插入中的冷板窗口
公开(公告)号：WO0245122A3
公开(公告)日：2002-10-03
申请号：PCT/US0145037
申请日：2001-11-30
申请人： KONINKL PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NV
发明人： LU QING K , KACZMAREK ANDREW R , XU PAUL M
IPC分类号： G21K1/00 , G21K5/00 , G21K5/02 , H01J35/00 , H01J35/10 , H01J35/18 , H05G1/02 , H05G1/04
CPC分类号： H01J35/18 , H01J2235/122 , H01J2235/1262
摘要： A CT scanner comprises an x-ray window (32) mounted on an x-ray tube (26), a cooling fluid circulation line (51), and a cooling fluid return line (53). A cold-plate (40) is operatively mounted on the x-ray tube (26) around the x-ray window (32). The cold plate (40) includes an elongated shell (44) and corrugated fins (42) for rapidly removing heat from the x-ray window (32). The circulation line (51) is in fluid communication with an inlet (46) of the cold-plate (40), a cooling fluid reservoir (59, 61) defined between the x-ray tube (26) and a surrounding housing (22), and a heat exchanger (D). The return line (53) is in fluid communication with an outlet (48) of the cold-plate (40), the cooling fluid reservoir (59, 61) and the heat exchanger (D). A pump circulates the cooling fluid through the heat exchanger (D), the circulation and return lines (51, 53), the cold-plate (40), and the x-ray tube housing (32).
摘要翻译： CT扫描仪包括安装在X射线管（26），冷却液循环管线（51）和冷却液返回管线（53）上的X射线窗口（32）。冷却板（40）可操作地安装在X射线管（26）周围的X射线窗（32）周围。冷板（40）包括细长壳体（44）和用于从X射线窗（32）快速移除热量的波纹翅片（42）。循环管线51与冷却板40的入口46流体连通，限定在X射线管26与周围壳体22之间的冷却液储存器59,61，）和热交换器（D）。回流管线53与冷却板40的出口48，冷却流体贮存器59,61和热交换器D流体连通。泵使冷却流体循环通过热交换器（D），循环回路管线（51,53），冷板（40）和X射线管外壳（32）。

44. 发明申请

WO02058100A2 X-RAY TUBE FOR CT APPLICATIONS 审中-公开
标题翻译： X射线管用于CT应用
公开(公告)号：WO02058100A2
公开(公告)日：2002-07-25
申请号：PCT/US0201717
申请日：2002-01-22
申请人： KONINKL PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NV
发明人： MATTSON RODNEY A
IPC分类号： G21K1/00 , G21K5/00 , H01J35/00 , H01J35/10 , H01J35/14 , H01J35/18 , H01J35/26
CPC分类号： H01J35/26
摘要： An x-ray tube assembly (16) includes a vacuum envelope (52) and an x-ray permeable exit window (54). An anode (50) is positioned within the vacuum envelope (52) such that a near side is adjacent to the exit window (54) and a far side is opposite thereof. A cathode assembly (74) is also mounted within the vacuum envelope (52) which directs an electron beam (78) toward a focal spot or point (58) on the far side of the anode (50). The anode further includes a central cavity or indentation (70) which provides a location for mounting a set of radiation attenuating vanes (64) in addition to a shaped x-ray filter or compensator (68). Close placement of the vanes (64) and the filter (68) relative to the focal spot of the anode desirably reduce off focal radiation and allow beam shaping. An externally located collimator (18) further shapes the output x-ray beam.
摘要翻译： X射线管组件（16）包括真空外壳（52）和x射线可透过的出射窗（54）。阳极（50）定位在真空外壳（52）内，使得近侧与出射窗（54）相邻并且远侧与其相反。阴极组件（74）也安装在真空封壳（52）内，真空外壳（52）将电子束（78）朝向阳极（50）的远侧上的焦点或点（58）引导。阳极还包括中心腔或凹口（70），除了成形的x射线滤波器或补偿器（68）之外，还提供用于安装一组辐射衰减叶片（64）的位置。叶片（64）和过滤器（68）相对于阳极的焦点的紧密放置期望地减少了聚焦辐射，并允许光束成形。外部定位的准直器（18）进一步使输出的X射线束成形。

45. 发明申请

WO02027751A1 LARGE SURFACE AREA X-RAY TUBE SHIELD STRUCTURE 审中-公开
标题翻译：大面积X射线管屏蔽结构
公开(公告)号：WO02027751A1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-04
申请号：PCT/US2001/025243
申请日：2001-08-10
IPC分类号： H05G1/02 , G21K5/02 , H01J35/00 , H01J35/12 , H01J35/16 , H05G1/04 , H05G1/06 , H01J35/10
CPC分类号： H05G1/04 , H01J35/12 , H01J35/16 , H01J2235/12 , H01J2235/1216 , H01J2235/125 , H01J2235/1262 , H01J2235/1283 , H01J2235/168 , H05G1/025 , H05G1/06
摘要： An improved x-ray tube cooling system is disclosed. The system utilizes a shield structure (108) that is integrated within an evacuated x-ray tube housing (107) and is disposed between the electron source (106) and the target anode (104). The shield (108) includes a plurality of cooling fins (110) to improve overall cooling of the x-ray tube and the shield (108) so as to extend the life of the x-ray tube and related components. When immersed in a reservoir of coolant fluid (114), the fins facilitate improved heat transfer by convention from the shield to the coolant fluid. Fluid passageways (131, 132) are provided within the shield, with one or more epressions of "V" shaped cross sections (111B, 113B, 115B) defined on the surfaces of the fluid passageways (131) served to facilitate nucleate boiling of the coolant in the passageway, and thus increase the heat flux through the passageway to the coolant.
摘要翻译：公开了一种改进的X射线管冷却系统。该系统利用集成在抽空的X射线管壳体（107）内并且设置在电子源（106）和目标阳极（104）之间的屏蔽结构（108）。所述护罩（108）包括多个冷却翅片（110），以改善所述X射线管和所述护罩（108）的总体冷却，从而延长所述X射线管及相关部件的寿命。当浸入冷却剂流体（114）的储存器中时，翅片有助于根据惯例从屏蔽件到冷却剂流体改进热传递。液体通道（131,132）设置在护罩内，其中限定在流体通道（131）的表面上的“V”形横截面（111B，113B，115B）的一个或多个压缩件有助于促进通道中的冷却剂，从而将通过通道的热通量增加到冷却剂。

46. 发明申请

WO02015220A1 INTEGRAL CATHODE 审中-公开
标题翻译：整体阴道
公开(公告)号：WO02015220A1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-21
申请号：PCT/US2001/024620
申请日：2001-08-07
IPC分类号： H01J35/06 , H01J35/14 , H01J35/00 , H01J1/02 , H01J1/15 , H01J19/08 , H01J21/00 , H01J35/10 , H01J35/22 , H01J35/24 , H01J35/26 , H01J35/28 , H01J35/32
CPC分类号： H01J35/06 , H01J35/14 , H01J2235/10
摘要： An integral cathode (200) for use with x-ray devices (102). The integral cathode (200) includes an emitter (202) made of a refractory metal such as tungsten, preferably doped with rhenium to afford malleability during constructions and assembly. The integral ctahode (200) also includes a support cartridge (204), preferably composed of an electrically non-conductive material such as ceramic, in which the emitter (202) is received. The support cartridge (204) electrically isolates the cathode (200) from the other components and structures of the x-ray device (102). Additionally, the support cartridge (204) serves to impose, and maintain, a parbolic curve in the emitter (202). The parabolic form of the emitter (202) naturally shapes an electron beam by causing electrons discharged from the emitter to converge at a focal spot (106). In this way, both the emission and focusing functions of the cathode (200) are integrated and performed by a single part.
摘要翻译：一种用于x射线装置（102）的整体式阴极（200）。整体阴极（200）包括由诸如钨的难熔金属制成的发射器（202），优选地掺杂有铼，以在构造和组装期间提供延展性。积分灯（200）还包括支撑筒（204），其优选地由诸如陶瓷的非导电材料构成，其中接收发射器（202）。支撑筒（204）将阴极（200）与X射线装置（102）的其它部件和结构电隔离。另外，支撑筒（204）用于施加并保持发射器（202）中的双曲线。发射器（202）的抛物线形状通过使从发射极排出的电子在焦点（106）会聚而自然地形成电子束。以这种方式，阴极（200）的发射和聚焦功能都被整合并由单个部分执行。

47. 发明申请

WO01064286A1 DOSIMETER FOR A MINIATURE ENERGY TRANSDUCER FOR EMITTING X-RAY RADIATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于发射X射线辐射的微型能量传感器的计量器
公开(公告)号：WO01064286A1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-07
申请号：PCT/US2001/006282
申请日：2001-02-27
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , G01T1/161 , G01T5/08 , H01J35/00
CPC分类号： A61N5/1001 , A61N5/1002 , A61N5/1048 , G01T1/161 , G01T1/201
摘要： A dosimeter (22) for an x-ray brachytherapy system permits in situ monitoring and control of radiation treatment via a miniaturized energy transducer (18) within a human body. The dosimeter comprises a scintillating optical fiber (26) having a distal end which is placed at the treatment site and a proximal end which is coupled to a dosimeter measurement unit (24). Utilizing energy applied by an energy source (14), the miniaturized transducer generates x-ray photons (20, 64). The scintillating optical fiber absorbs x-ray photons, converts the x-ray photons into light photons (66), and conveys the light photons to a dosimeter measurement unit. The light photons are converted into an electrical current which is representative to the intensity of the x-ray photons. The dosimeter measurement unit utilizes the electrical current to calculate and display the instantaneous and accumulated radiation dose, and radiation dose parameters are utilized to adjust energy levels, which are sent to the miniature energy transducer.
摘要翻译：用于X射线近距离放射治疗系统的剂量计（22）允许通过人体内的小型化能量换能器（18）进行原位监测和控制辐射治疗。剂量计包括闪烁光纤（26），其具有放置在治疗部位的远端，以及耦合到剂量计测量单元（24）的近端。利用由能量源（14）施加的能量，小型化传感器产生x射线光子（20,64）。闪烁光纤吸收x射线光子，将x射线光子转换成光子（66），并将光子传输到剂量计测量单元。光子被转换为代表x射线光子强度的电流。剂量计测量单元利用电流来计算和显示瞬时和累积的辐射剂量，并且使用辐射剂量参数来调节发送到微型能量换能器的能量水平。

48. 发明申请

WO01005196A2 X-RAY TUBE COOLING SYSTEM 审中-公开
标题翻译： X射线管冷却系统
公开(公告)号：WO01005196A2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-18
申请号：PCT/US2000/018796
申请日：2000-07-10
IPC分类号： H05G1/02 , H01J35/00 , H01J35/16 , H05G1/04 , H05G
CPC分类号： H01J35/16 , H01J2235/12 , H01J2235/1283 , H01J2235/168 , H05G1/025 , H05G1/04
摘要： An improved x-ray tube cooling system is disclosed. The system utilizes a shield structure that is connected between a cathode cylinder and an x-ray tube housing and is disposed between the electron source and the target anode. The shield has a plurality of cooling fins to improve overall cooling of the x-ray tube and the shield so as to extend the life of the x-ray tube and related components. When immersed in a reservoir of coolant fluid, the fins facilitate improved heat transfer by convection from the shield to the coolant fluid. The cooling effect achieved with the cooling fins is further augmented by a convective cooling system provided by a plurality of passageways formed within the shield, which are used to provide a fluid path to the coolant. In particular, a cooling unit takes fluid from the reservoir, cools the fluid, then circulates the cooled fluid through cooling passages. The coolant is then output from the passageway and directed over the cooling fins. In some embodiments, the passageways are oriented so as to provide a greater heat transfer rate in certain sections of the shield than in other sections. Also disclosed is an improved braze joint for connecting the shield to the x-ray tube housing.
摘要翻译：公开了一种改进的X射线管冷却系统。该系统利用连接在阴极筒和X射线管壳体之间并且设置在电子源和目标阳极之间的屏蔽结构。屏蔽件具有多个散热片，以改善x射线管和屏蔽罩的整体冷却，以延长X射线管及相关部件的使用寿命。当浸入冷却剂流体的储存器中时，翅片有助于通过从屏蔽件到冷却剂流体的对流来改善热传递。利用冷却翅片实现的冷却效果进一步增加了由形成在屏蔽内的多个通道所提供的对流冷却系统，该通道用于提供冷却剂的流体路径。特别地，冷却单元从储存器中取出流体，冷却流体，然后将冷却的流体循环通过冷却通道。然后，冷却剂从通道输出并被引导到冷却片上。在一些实施例中，通道被定向成在屏蔽的某些部分中比在其它部分提供更大的传热速率。还公开了一种用于将屏蔽件连接到X射线管壳体的改进的铜焊接头。

49. 发明申请

WO99045563A1 METHOD AND X-RAY DEVICE USING ADAPTABLE POWER SOURCE 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用适配电源的方法和X射线装置
公开(公告)号：WO99045563A1
公开(公告)日：1999-09-10
申请号：PCT/US1999/004965
申请日：1999-03-05
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , H01J35/22 , H05G1/32 , H05G1/34 , H01J35/00
CPC分类号： A61N5/1001 , H05G1/32
摘要： A method is described includes positioning a X-ray emitter (101) at a treatment area wherein the X-ray emitter (101) is connected to a cable (103), setting a voltage source (105), and measuring a current through the X-ray emitter (101). The method may include comparing a current flowing through the emitter with a high limit and a low limit. The method further includes adjusting the voltage source (105) if the current is not within the low and high limits. The method also includes determining the high limit and the low limit based on the voltage source (105) and the desired radiation. An apparatus of the invention includes an X-ray emitter (101) which is positionable in the passage, a cable (103) connected to the X-ray emitter (101) a voltage source (105) connected to the cable and a current sensor (109) for measuring the current.
摘要翻译：描述的方法包括将X射线发射器（101）定位在X射线发射器（101）连接到电缆（103）的处理区域上，设置电压源（105），并测量通过 X射线发射器（101）。该方法可以包括将流经发射器的电流与上限和下限进行比较。该方法还包括如果电流不在低电平和高电平范围内，则调整电压源（105）。该方法还包括基于电压源（105）和期望的辐射来确定上限和下限。本发明的装置包括可定位在通道中的X射线发射器（101），连接到X射线发射器（101）的电缆（103），连接到电缆的电压源（105）和电流传感器（109），用于测量电流。

50. 发明申请

WO99033084A1 A SOURCE OF INTENSE COHERENT HIGH FREQUENCY RADIATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：强化相干高频辐射的源
公开(公告)号：WO99033084A1
公开(公告)日：1999-07-01
申请号：PCT/IL1998/000591
申请日：1998-12-03
IPC分类号： G02F1/35 , G02F1/355 , H05G2/00 , H01J35/00
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , G02F1/353 , G02F1/355 , G02F2202/36 , H05G2/00
摘要： A circularly polarized incident beam (50) of coherent radiation from a laser (48) is directed at a frequency multiplication medium that includes constituents (42) on a liquid helium cooled substrate (40) of approximate Cn symmetry oriented so that the symmetry axes of the constituents are parallel to the incident beam. The interaction of the incident beam and the constituents of the medium produces higher harmonics of the incident frequency, up into the x-ray band. If the Cn symmetry of the medium constituents is exact the harmonic frequencies are multiples of the frequency of the incident beam. If the Cn symmetry is only approximate the harmonics are centered around these multiples. Suitable medium constituents include dipole molecules of C5 symmetry and circular rings of nanoparticles.
摘要翻译：来自激光器（48）的相干辐射的圆偏振入射光束（50）被引导到包括大致Cn对称取向的液氦冷却衬底（40）上的成分（42）的倍增介质，使得对称轴构件平行于入射光束。入射光束与介质成分的相互作用产生了入射频率的高次谐波，直到x射线谱带。如果介质成分的Cn对称性是准确的谐波频率是入射光束频率的倍数。如果Cn对称性仅为近似，则谐波以这些倍数为中心。合适的培养基成分包括C5对称的偶极子分子和纳米颗粒的圆环。

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